Bound Water Enhances the Ion Selectivity of Highly Charged Polymer Membranes DOI
Carolina Espinoza, José C. Díaz, David Kitto

et al.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(34), P. 45433 - 45446

Published: Aug. 13, 2024

Electrochemical technologies for water treatment, resource recovery, energy generation, and storage rely on charged polymer membranes to selectively transport ions. With the rise of applications involving hypersaline brines, such as management desalination brine or recovery ions from there is an urgent need that can sustain high conductivity selectivity under challenging conditions. Current are constrained by inherent trade-off between selectivity, alongside concerns regarding their costs. Moreover, a gap in fundamental understanding ion within at salinities prevents development could meet these stringent requirements efficiently. Here, we present synthesis scalable, highly demonstrate while contacting 1 5 molal NaCl solutions. A detailed analysis membrane properties reveals proportion bound membranes, enabled charge content hydrophilic structure polymers, enhances both partitioning diffusion selectivities membranes. These structure/property relationships derived this study offer valuable guidance designing next-generation simultaneously achieve exceptional high-salinity

Language: Английский

Multi-scale physics of bipolar membranes in electrochemical processes DOI Creative Commons
Justin C. Bui, Eric W. Lees, Daniela Marin

et al.

Nature Chemical Engineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 1(1), P. 45 - 60

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

Bipolar membranes (BPMs) enable control of ion concentrations and fluxes in electrochemical cells suitable for a wide range applications. Here we present the multi-scale physics BPMs an engineering context articulate design principles to drive development advanced BPMs. The chemistry, structure, are illustrated related thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics that dictate species selectivity. These interactions give rise emergent structure–property–performance relationships yield criteria achieve high permselectivity, durability, voltaic efficiency. resulting performance trade-offs presented emerging applications energy conversion or storage, environmental remediation. By connecting fundamental physical phenomena device-level engineering, aim facilitate next-generation sustainable processes. ion-exchange class charged polymers precise ionic local pH, making them potentially valuable many This Review focuses on underpinning their operation across multiple scales, from nanomorphology integration within devices such as bipolar-membrane electrodialysis (BPM-ED).

Language: Английский

Citations

48
The potential of electrodialysis as a cost-effective alternative to reverse osmosis for brackish water desalination DOI
Sohum K. Patel, Boreum Lee, Paul Westerhoff

et al.

Water Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 250, P. 121009 - 121009

Published: Dec. 11, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

43
Counter-ion Conductivity and Selectivity Trade-Off for Commercial Ion-Exchange Membranes at High Salinities DOI
Carolina Espinoza, David Kitto, Jovan Kamcev

et al.

ACS Applied Polymer Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5(12), P. 10324 - 10333

Published: Nov. 8, 2023

The growing interest in using ion-exchange membranes (IEMs) for high-salinity applications such as brine concentration and produced water treatment necessitates a better understanding of their properties under relevant conditions. In this study, we examine the ion transport 40 different commercial contacted by either 1 or 5 m NaCl solutions. To sample broad materials space, selected 28 marketed toward desalination 12 energy applications. We quantified equilibrium concentrations, salt permeability coefficients, ionic conductivities these membranes. Using results, derived effective counter-ion co-ion diffusion coefficients calculated conductivity counter-ion/co-ion selectivity. There is clear trade-off between selectivity, with generally exhibiting combinations high selectivity/low IEMs conductivity/low decoupled total selectivity into partition correlated parameters membrane structural to establish structure/property relationships. results study highlight shortcomings performance identify gaps our fundamental at salinities.

Language: Английский

Citations

25
Predicting the Conductivity–Selectivity Trade-Off and Upper Bound in Ion-Exchange Membranes DOI
David Kitto, Jovan Kamcev

ACS Energy Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(4), P. 1346 - 1352

Published: March 1, 2024

Ion-exchange membranes (IEMs) are integral to electrochemical technologies utilized in water purification, energy generation, and storage. The effectiveness of these is contingent upon the selective rapid permeation ions through IEMs. However, like most synthetic membranes, IEMs exhibit a trade-off between selectivity permeability. Understanding fundamental basis for this essential developing that overcome limitation. In study, we present validate model predicts conductivity–selectivity We use framework assess membrane structural properties yield at frontier then explore potential advancements IEM design. Notably, preparing materials with higher charge densities could enhance performance by several orders magnitude. This analysis unfolds blueprint substantial design, potentially catalyzing breakthroughs clean energy.

Language: Английский

Citations

15
Membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) for selective ion separation and recovery: Fundamentals, challenges, and opportunities DOI
Qian Xiao, Jinxing Ma, Longqian Xu

et al.

Journal of Membrane Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 699, P. 122650 - 122650

Published: March 11, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

14
Bipolar membranes for intrinsically stable and scalable CO2 electrolysis DOI
Kostadin V. Petrov,

Christel Koopman,

Siddhartha Subramanian

et al.

Nature Energy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(8), P. 932 - 938

Published: July 24, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

14
Understanding Monovalent Cation Diffusion in Negatively Charged Membranes and the Role of Membrane Water Content DOI
José C. Díaz,

J.Y. Park,

Alyssa Shapiro

et al.

Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 57(5), P. 2468 - 2481

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

Membranes capable of differentiating between similarly charged ions could enable applications such as resource recovery from naturally occurring waters and industrial wastewaters. Understanding the factors that govern ion transport in these materials is crucial for designing membranes. This study investigates impact membrane water content on diffusion monovalent cations negatively membranes by using absolute reaction rate theory. The activation energy entropy both increase substantially when most structurally bound. predicted a model incorporating Coulombic interactions fixed charges counter-ions. low increases with increasing size hydrated cations, suggesting possible rearrangement primary hydration shells strongly Li+ Na+, during diffusion. These results suggest polymer tortuosity, interactions, structure cation

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Fast and selective ion transport in ultrahigh-charge-density membranes DOI
David Kitto, Carolina Espinoza, José C. Díaz

et al.

Nature Chemical Engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 11, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Integrating Divalent-Selective Electrodialysis in Brackish Water Desalination DOI

Lior Monat,

Ru Liu, Menachem Elimelech

et al.

Environmental Science & Technology Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 172 - 178

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

Brackish water desalination is imperative for meeting demands in arid regions far from the seashore. Reverse osmosis, leading technology, removes nearly all calcium and magnesium ions, which are essential drinking irrigation water. Multistep process schemes combining reverse osmosis with ion-selective membrane processes can maintain or reintroduce these minerals without external chemical addition. Previous efforts emphasized that retain multivalent focusing primarily on nanofiltration monovalent-selective electrodialysis. The potential of where monovalent ions retained divalent preferentially transported through has not been studied systematically. Here, we explored applying divalent-selective electrodialysis to transfer influent into brackish permeate. This novel concept enables chemical-free remineralization permeate while reducing scaling by sparingly soluble salts. We tested this experimentally using commercial membranes natural water, evaluated product based quality criteria domestic agricultural use, assessed techno-economic feasibility. found suitable potable use be attained at a reasonable cost, depending current density. These findings highlight need more research offer future directions.

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Desalting Plasma Protein Solutions by Membrane Capacitive Deionization DOI

Bharat Shrimant,

Tanmay Kulkarni, Mahmudul Hasan

et al.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(9), P. 11206 - 11216

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

Plasma protein therapies are used by millions of people across the globe to treat a litany diseases and serious medical conditions. One challenge in manufacture plasma is removal salt ions (e.g., sodium, phosphate, chloride) from solution. The conventional approach remove use diafiltration membranes tangential flow filtration) ion-exchange chromatography. However, resins within chromatographic column as well filtration subject fouling protein. In this work, we investigate membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) an alternative separation platform for removing solutions with negligible loss. MCDI has been previously deployed brackish water desalination, nutrient recovery, mineral pollutants water. first time technique applied 28% (sodium, chloride, phosphate) human serum albumin less than 3% loss process stream. Furthermore, experiments utilized highly conductive poly(phenylene alkylene)-based ion exchange (IEMs). These IEMs combined ionomer-coated nylon meshes spacer channel ameliorate Ohmic resistances improving energy efficiency. Overall, envision effective biopharmaceutical manufacturing deionizing other pharmaceutical formulations without active ingredients.

Language: Английский

Citations

7