Frontiers in Nutrition,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
11
Published: Oct. 15, 2024
The
ketogenic
diet
(KD)
has
been
explored
for
diabetes
management;
however,
a
quantitative
synthesis
of
its
specific
effects
on
not
yet
conducted.
This
study
aims
to
examine
the
current
status
and
research
hotspots
KD
in
management
from
2005
2024,
providing
reference
future
research.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
8(1)
Published: April 10, 2023
Abstract
Vascular
complications
of
diabetes
pose
a
severe
threat
to
human
health.
Prevention
and
treatment
protocols
based
on
single
vascular
complication
are
no
longer
suitable
for
the
long-term
management
patients
with
diabetes.
Diabetic
panvascular
disease
(DPD)
is
clinical
syndrome
in
which
vessels
various
sizes,
including
macrovessels
microvessels
cardiac,
cerebral,
renal,
ophthalmic,
peripheral
systems
diabetes,
develop
atherosclerosis
as
common
pathology.
Pathological
manifestations
DPDs
usually
manifest
macrovascular
atherosclerosis,
well
microvascular
endothelial
function
impairment,
basement
membrane
thickening,
microthrombosis.
Cardiac,
microangiopathy
coexist
microangiopathy,
while
renal
retinal
predominantly
microangiopathic.
The
following
associations
exist
between
DPDs:
numerous
similar
molecular
mechanisms,
risk-predictive
relationships
diseases.
Aggressive
glycemic
control
combined
early
comprehensive
intervention
key
prevention
treatment.
In
addition
widely
recommended
metformin,
glucagon-like
peptide-1
agonist,
sodium-glucose
cotransporter-2
inhibitors,
latest
aldose
reductase
peroxisome
proliferator-activated
receptor-γ
agonizts,
glucokinases
mitochondrial
energy
modulators,
etc.
under
active
development.
proposed
obtain
more
systematic
care
requires
center
focusing
This
would
leverage
advantages
cross-disciplinary
approach
achieve
better
integration
pathogenesis
therapeutic
evidence.
Such
strategy
confer
benefits
promote
development
DPD
discipline.
Ageing Research Reviews,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
87, P. 101902 - 101902
Published: March 4, 2023
Intervertebral
disc
degeneration
(IDD)
is
a
common
cause
of
joint-related
chronic
disability
in
elderly
individuals
worldwide.
It
seriously
impacts
the
quality
life
and
inflicts
substantial
social
economic
burden.
The
pathological
mechanisms
underlying
IDD
have
not
been
fully
revealed,
leading
to
less
satisfactory
clinical
treatment
outcomes.
More
studies
are
urgently
needed
reveal
its
precise
mechanisms.
Numerous
revealed
that
inflammation
closely
related
various
processes
IDD,
including
continuous
loss
extracellular
matrix,
cell
apoptosis,
senescence,
indicating
important
role
mechanism
IDD.
Epigenetic
modifications
affect
functions
characteristics
genes
mainly
through
DNA
methylation,
histone
modification,
non-coding
RNA
regulation,
other
mechanisms,
thus
having
major
effect
on
survival
state
body.
Recently,
epigenetic
during
has
attracting
research
interest.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
roles
different
types
recent
years,
improve
our
understanding
etiology
transform
basic
strategy
into
clinically
effective
for
individuals.
Cells,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
12(2), P. 300 - 300
Published: Jan. 12, 2023
Diabetic
retinopathy,
one
of
the
most
devastating
complications
diabetes,
is
a
multifactorial
progressing
disease
with
very
complex
etiology.
Although
many
metabolic,
molecular,
functional
and
structural
changes
have
been
identified
in
retina
its
vasculature,
exact
molecular
mechanism
pathogenesis
still
remains
elusive.
Sustained
high-circulating
glucose
increases
oxidative
stress
also
activates
inflammatory
cascade.
Free
radicals
increase
mediators,
inflammation
can
production
free
radicals,
suggesting
positive
loop
between
them.
In
addition,
diabetes
facilitates
epigenetic
modifications
that
influence
transcription
gene
without
changing
DNA
sequence.
Several
genes
associated
diabetic
retinopathy
are
influenced
by
modifications.
This
review
discusses
cross-talks
stress,
epigenetics
retinopathy.
Since
external
factors
such
as
environment
lifestyle,
they
be
reversed,
this
opens
up
possibilities
for
new
strategies
to
inhibit
development/progression
sight-threatening
disease.
Nutrients,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(4), P. 811 - 811
Published: Feb. 4, 2023
A
long-term
complication
of
obesity
is
the
development
type
2
diabetes
(T2D).
Patients
with
T2D
have
been
described
as
having
epigenetic
modifications.
Epigenetics
post-transcriptional
modification
DNA
or
associated
factors
containing
genetic
information.
These
environmentally-influenced
modifications,
maintained
during
cell
division,
cause
stable
changes
in
gene
expression.
Epigenetic
modifications
are
methylation,
acetylation,
ubiquitylation,
SUMOylation,
and
phosphorylation
at
lysine
residue
amino
terminus
histones,
affecting
DNA,
non-coding
RNA.
methylation
has
shown
pancreatic
islets,
adipose
tissue,
skeletal
muscle,
liver.
Furthermore,
observed
chronic
complications
T2D,
such
diabetic
nephropathy,
retinopathy,
neuropathy.
Recently,
a
new
drug
developed
which
acts
on
bromodomains
extraterminal
(BET)
domain
proteins,
operate
like
readers
communicate
chromatin
to
make
accessible
for
transcription
by
inhibiting
them.
This
(apabetalone)
being
studied
prevent
major
adverse
cardiovascular
events
people
low
HDL
cholesterol,
kidney
failure,
recent
coronary
events.
review
aims
describe
relationship
between
obesity,
their
possible
treatments.
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
160, P. 114393 - 114393
Published: Feb. 10, 2023
Diabetes
and
its
complications
are
closely
correlated
with
chronic
hyperglycemia,
causing
severe
oxidative
stress
leading
to
glycation
reaction
formation
of
advanced
end
products.
However,
medicinal
plants
still
a
source
inspiration
for
the
discovery
new
treatments
several
diseases,
including
diabetes.
The
present
study
was
aimed
evaluate
antioxidant
antidiabetic
properties
Oxalis
pes-caprae
flowers
extract
in
alloxan-induced
diabetic
mice.
phytochemical
activities
both
aqueous
methanolic
extracts
were
assessed
by
in-vitro
testing
such
as
free
radical
scavenging
assays
(DPPH
ABTS+),
ferrous
ions
(Fe2+)
chelating
activity
reducing
power
assay.
Additionally,
detection
Amadori
products
used
determine
antiglycation
potential.
α-glucosidase
α-amylase
inhibitory
assessment
employed
effect,
while
mice
measure
in-vivo
antioxidants
carbohydrates
enzymes.
effect
on
body
weight
blood
glucose
level
extract-treated
also
investigated.
Among
tested
extract,
richest
phenolic
compounds
which
is
directly
related
their
remarkable
antioxidant,
enzyme
activity.
oral
administration
two
doses
(150
mg/kg
250
mg/kg)
daily
3
weeks
resulted
hypoglycemic
compared
reference
drug,
glibenclamide
(10
mg/kg).
Furthermore,
shown
significantly
increase
glycolysis
enzymes
liver,
kidney
spleen
mice,
control
group.
Therefore,
effectively
exhibited
effects
indicated
studies,
confirming
protective
hyperglycemia
damage.
Photobiomodulation
(PBM)
is
considered
an
effective
and
safe
therapeutic
modality
in
supporting
the
treatment
of
complications
from
a
global
pandemic-diabetes.
In
this
study,
PBM
therapy
investigated
to
accelerate
wound
healing
diabetic
mice
(DM),
under
combined
biological
effects
red
light
organic
light-emitting
diode
(ROLED)
near-infrared
(NIR)
NIR
conversion
film
(NCF)
with
dispersed
CuInS2/ZnS
quantum
dots
(QDs).
The
QD
concentration
NCF
structure
were
optimized
maximize
optical
properties
mechanical
stability.
A
merged
red/NIR
device
(MRND)
was
produced
by
integrating
ROLED
for
therapy.
As
result
irradiating
DM
MRND
at
dose
2
J/cm2,
after
10
days,
wounds
recovered
three
times
faster
than
without
MRND.
Additionally,
not
only
restored
epidermal
thickness
normal
but
also
significantly
reduced
levels
pro-inflammatory
cytokines.
experimental
results
show
that
proposed
has
potential
improve
quality
life
patients
helping
them
rapid
healing.
Stem Cell Research & Therapy,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13(1)
Published: July 26, 2022
Abstract
Background
The
imbalance
of
osteogenic/adipogenic
differentiation
bone
marrow
mesenchymal
stem
cells
(BMSCs)
is
closely
related
to
steroid-induced
avascular
necrosis
the
femoral
head
(SANFH).
We
aimed
investigate
epigenetic
mechanism
intramedullary
fat
accumulation
and
continuous
osteonecrosis
after
glucocorticoid
(GC)
withdrawal
in
SANFH.
Methods
An
SANFH
model
was
established
SD
rats,
which
received
an
intermittent
high
GC
dose
for
first
4
weeks
followed
by
additional
without
GC.
explored
synergistic
effects
mechanisms
C/EBPα
PPARγ
on
BMSCs
lentivirus-mediated
gene
knockdown
overexpression
assays.
A
chromatin
immunoprecipitation
assay
performed
identify
modification
sites
vivo
vitro.
Results
In
model,
significantly
increased,
transcription
factors
were
upregulated
simultaneously
head.
vitro,
promoted
adipogenic
targeting
signalling
pathway,
while
impaired
osteogenic
differentiation.
Further
studies
demonstrated
that
histone
H3K27
acetylation
played
important
role
underlying
upregulates
level
promoter
region
inhibiting
HDAC1.
Additionally,
effectively
prevented
differentiation,
thus
slowing
progression
Conclusions
Our
results
demonstrate
molecular
regulates
expression
acetylating
histones
revealed
phenomenon
time.
Graphical
abstract
Biochemical Pharmacology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
203, P. 115168 - 115168
Published: July 12, 2022
Pathological
deterioration
of
mitochondrial
function
is
increasingly
linked
with
multiple
degenerative
illnesses
as
a
mediator
wide
range
neurologic
and
age-related
chronic
diseases,
including
those
genetic
origin.
Several
these
diseases
are
rare,
typically
defined
in
the
United
States
an
illness
affecting
fewer
than
200,000
people
U.S.
population,
or
about
one
1600
individuals.
Vision
impairment
due
to
dysfunction
eye
prominent
feature
evident
numerous
primary
common
pathophysiology
many
familiar
ophthalmic
disorders,
macular
degeneration,
diabetic
retinopathy,
glaucoma
retinopathy
prematurity
—
collection
syndromes,
disorders
significant
unmet
medical
needs.
Focusing
on
metabolic
pathway
mechanisms,
possible
roles
cuproptosis
ferroptosis
retinal
dysfunction,
we
shed
light
potential
α-lipoyl-L-carnitine
treating
diseases.
α-Lipoyl-L-carnitine
bioavailable
mitochondria-targeting
lipoic
acid
prodrug
that
has
shown
protecting
against
degeneration
photoreceptor
cell
loss
indications.
Heliyon,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
9(9), P. e19661 - e19661
Published: Sept. 1, 2023
Exposure
to
the
legacy
and
emerging
persistent
organic
pollutants
(POPs)
incessantly
has
become
an
important
threat
individual
health,
which
is
closely
related
neurodevelopment,
endocrine
cardiovascular
homeostasis.
Exercise,
on
other
hand,
been
consistently
shown
improve
physical
fitness.
Whereas
associations
between
traditional
air
pollutants,
exercise
lung
function
have
thoroughly
reviewed,
reviews
are
scarce.
Hence,
a
literature
review
focused
exercise,
exposure
POPs,
health
risk
assessment
was
performed
for
studies
published
from
2004
2022.
The
purpose
of
this
provide
overview
pathways
levels
POPs
during
as
well
impact
concerns
attributable
redistribution,
metabolism,
excretion
in
vivo.
Therein
lies
broader
array
benefits,
including
insulin
sensitizing,
mitochondrial
DNA
repair,
lipid
metabolism
intestinal
microecological
balance.
Physical
conducive
reduce
body
burden
resistant
hazards
generally.
Besides,
condition
critical
factor
evaluating
potential
link
effects.
Exploratory Research and Hypothesis in Medicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
000(000), P. 000 - 000
Published: Jan. 11, 2024
The
traditional
definition
of
epigenetics
encompasses
all
molecular
pathways
that
affect
how
a
genotype
expresses
itself
on
the
way
to
particular
phenotype,
with
serving
as
interface
between
and
phenotype.
Unlike
genetic
changes,
which
may
have
protracted,
irreversible
effects
health
emergence
illnesses,
epigenetic
modifications
are
reversible
do
not
change
DNA
sequence.
However,
they
can
our
bodies
interpret
sequences.
Gene
expression
regulated
by
has
emerged
major
contributing
element
etiology
many
diseases
over
time
crucial
determinant
human
health.
One
strongest
arguments
in
support
gene
controlled
comes
from
startling
discovery
methylation
causes
X-chromosome
inactivation,
been
connected
several
diseases.
intrinsic
uterine
environment,
where
embryo
fetus
grow
develop
become
neonates
is
vulnerable
early
settings
throughout
development,
affecting
offspring's
long-term
well
their
predisposition
for
different
germ
cell
development
influenced
environmental
factors,
result
transgenerational
effects.
Therefore,
this
article,
we
essentially
provide
summary
present
level
understanding
concerning
function
regarding
critical
facets
health,
including
embryonic
adulthood,
emphasis
explaining
underlying
diverse
mechanisms
regulate
onset
diseases,
cutting-edge
technological
tools
used
study
epigenome.
Finally,
talk
about
state
therapies,
might
be
put
use
treatment
range