A review on the occurrence and influence of biodegradable microplastics in soil ecosystems: Are biodegradable plastics substitute or threat?

Environment International, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 163, P. 107244 - 107244

Published: April 12, 2022

Plastic products are widely used around the world, but waste plastic is not reasonably managed and causes serious pollution. Biodegradable plastics (BPs) provide an alternative to conventional plastics, all BPs can be completely degraded under natural conditions. Instead, they may break down into microplastics (MPs) faster than posing additional threat soil environment. In this paper, definition, applications, degradation behaviors of BPs, including biodegradable (BMPs), reviewed, we comprehensively summarized eco-toxicological effects BMPs in ecosystems, terms physical chemical properties soil, nutrient cycling, bacterial fungal communities, flora fauna. The compound other pollutants were also addressed. results revealed that made different or more severely compared MPs. Overall, review aims address gaps knowledge, shed light on ecological soil. a perfect substitute solve pollution, further exploration should focus their generation, environmental behavior, impact whether cause harm

Language: Английский

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and its major role in plant growth, zinc nutrition, phosphorous regulation and phytoremediation

Symbiosis, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 84(1), P. 19 - 37

Published: April 12, 2021

Language: Английский

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Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Regulating Growth, Enhancing Productivity, and Potentially Influencing Ecosystems under Abiotic and Biotic Stresses

Plants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(17), P. 3102 - 3102

Published: Aug. 29, 2023

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form symbiotic relationships with the roots of nearly all land-dwelling plants, increasing growth and productivity, especially during abiotic stress. AMF improves plant development by improving nutrient acquisition, such as phosphorus, water, mineral uptake. tolerance resilience to stressors drought, salt, heavy metal toxicity. These benefits come from arbuscular interface, which lets fungal partners exchange nutrients, signalling molecules, protective chemical compounds. Plants' antioxidant defence systems, osmotic adjustment, hormone regulation are also affected infestation. responses promote performance, photosynthetic efficiency, biomass production in stress conditions. As a result its positive effects on soil structure, cycling, carbon sequestration, contributes maintenance resilient ecosystems. The AMFs ecological stability species- environment-specific. AMF's growth-regulating, productivity-enhancing role alleviation under is reviewed. More research needed understand molecular mechanisms that drive AMF-plant interactions their stresses. triggers plants' morphological, physiological, Water development, improved symbiosis. In colonization modulates defense mechanisms, hormonal regulation. circumstances. AMF-mediated enhanced essential oils (EOs), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate (APX), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), phosphorus (P). Understanding how increases adaptation reduces will help sustain agriculture, ecosystem management, climate change mitigation. have gained prominence agriculture due multifaceted roles promoting health productivity. This review delves into influences absorption, challenging environmental We further explore extent bolsters

Language: Английский

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Pharmacological Potential of Fungal Endophytes Associated with Medicinal Plants: A Review

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(2), P. 147 - 147

Published: Feb. 17, 2021

Endophytic microbes are microorganisms that colonize the intracellular spaces within plant tissues without exerting any adverse or pathological effects. Currently, world population is facing devastating chronic diseases affect humans. The resistance of pathogens to commercial antibiotics increasing, thus limiting therapeutic potential and effectiveness antibiotics. Consequently, need search for novel, affordable nontoxic natural bioactive compounds from endophytic fungi in developing new drugs with multifunction mechanisms meet human needs essential. Fungal endophytes produce invaluable metabolic beneficial humans antimicrobial, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antitumor properties, etc. Some these include pestacin, taxol, camptothecin, ergoflavin, podophyllotoxin, benzopyran, isopestacin, phloroglucinol, tetrahydroxy-1-methylxanthone, salidroside, borneol, dibenzofurane, methyl peniphenone, lipopeptide, peniphenone Despite aforementioned importance fungal metabolites, less information available on their exploration pharmacological importance. Therefore, this review, we shall elucidate metabolites medicinal plants potential.

Language: Английский

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Effects of different concentrations and types of microplastics on bacteria and fungi in alkaline soil

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 229, P. 113045 - 113045

Published: Dec. 7, 2021

The threat of microplastic (MP) pollution soil ecosystems has aroused global concern; however, relatively few studies have focused on the effects MPs both bacterial and fungal communities in soil. In this study, a 310-day incubation experiment was designed to examine 7% 14% (W/W) polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) enzyme activities as well communities. findings revealed that all three kinds stimulated activities, with PVC, PS, PE having greatest impact catalase, urease, alkaline phosphatase. did not change types but relative abundance these phyla mainly increased Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Ascomycota declined Acidobacteria, Basidiomycota, Chytridiomycota. response fungi stronger than bacteria, diversity more sensitive PVC had microbial PICRUSt analysis promoted metabolic function bacteria. Based FUNGuid tool, it found significant fungi, which were closely related plant growth. These results indicate depends type concentration bacteria are affected differently by MPs. Future could be different what effect will difference

Language: Английский

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Fungi That Promote Plant Growth in the Rhizosphere Boost Crop Growth

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(2), P. 239 - 239

Published: Feb. 10, 2023

The fungi species dwelling in the rhizosphere of crop plants, revealing functions that endeavor sustainability are commonly referred to as ‘plant-growth-promoting fungi’ (PGPF). They biotic inducers provide benefits and carry out important agricultural sustainability. problem encountered system nowadays is how meet population demand based on yield protection without putting environment human animal health at risk production. PGPF including Trichoderma spp., Gliocladium virens, Penicillium digitatum, Aspergillus flavus, Actinomucor elegans, Podospora bulbillosa, Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, etc., have proven their ecofriendly nature ameliorate production crops by improving growth shoots roots germination seeds, chlorophyll for photosynthesis, abundant crops. PGPF’s potential mode action follows: mineralization major minor elements required support plants’ productivity. In addition, produce phytohormones, induced resistance, defense-related enzymes inhibit or eradicate invasion pathogenic microbes, other words, help plants while encountering stress. This review portrays an effective bioagent facilitate promote production, plant growth, resistance disease invasion, various abiotic stresses.

Language: Английский

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Microbial seed coating: An attractive tool for sustainable agriculture

Biotechnology Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 37, P. e00781 - e00781

Published: Jan. 5, 2023

Seed coating is considered one of the best methods to promote sustainable agriculture where physical and physiological properties seeds can be improved facilitate planting, increase growth indices alleviate abiotic biotic stresses. Several seed are used attain good application uniformity adherence in process. has been tested various plant species with different dimensions, forms, textures, germination types. Plant beneficial microorganisms (PBM), such as rhizobia, bacteria, fungi inoculated via inoculation germination, performance tolerance across (e.g., pathogens pests) stress salt, drought, heavy metals) while reducing use agrochemical inputs. In this review, microbial process their ability protect plants from stresses well discussed highlighted agricultural systems.

Language: Английский

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Survey of the Influences of Microbial Biostimulants on Horticultural Crops: Case Studies and Successful Paradigms

Horticulturae, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(2), P. 193 - 193

Published: Feb. 2, 2023

Sustainable farming of horticultural plants has been the focus research during last decade, paying significant attention to alarming weather extremities and climate change, as well pressure biotic stressors on crops. Microbial biostimulants, including plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), have proven increase growth via both direct indirect processes, availability uptake nutrients, boosting soil quality, increasing plants’ tolerance abiotic stress overall quality attributes various crops (e.g., vegetables, fruit, herbs). The positive effects microbial biostimulants confirmed so far, mostly through symbiotic interactions in plant–soil–microbes ecosystem, which are considered a biological tool parameters decrease degradation. However, more is needed address future challenges crop production revealing mechanisms action identifying response patterns products. present review aims most up-to-date results regarding practical applications species, case studies successful paradigms for important genera PGPB AMF. Moreover, actions briefly described while remarks also discussed, aiming suggest further needs be addressed establishment sustainable production.

Language: Английский

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Unveiling stress-adapted endophytic bacteria: Characterizing plant growth-promoting traits and assessing cross-inoculation effects on Populus deltoides under abiotic stress

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 210, P. 108610 - 108610

Published: April 9, 2024

Language: Английский

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Nanoparticle applications in agriculture: overview and response of plant-associated microorganisms

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 6, 2024

Globally, food security has become a critical concern due to the rise in human population and current climate change crisis. Usage of conventional agrochemicals maximize crop yields resulted degradation fertile soil, environmental pollution as well agroecosystem health risks. Nanotechnology agriculture is fast-emerging new area research explored improve productivity nutrient-use efficiency using nano-sized at lower doses than agrochemicals. Nanoparticles are applied nanofertilizers and/or nanopesticides. Positive results have been observed terms plant growth when nano-based agricultural amendments. However, their continuous application may adverse effects on plant-associated rhizospheric endospheric microorganisms which often play crucial role growth, nutrient uptake, disease prevention. While shows that nanoparticles potential yield, effect diversity function remains under-explored. This review provides an overview functions. Additionally, it highlights response nanoparticle insight into areas required promote sustainable precision practices incorporate

Language: Английский

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