Green Processing and Synthesis,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Abstract
This
study
optimizes
the
green
synthesis
of
silver
nanoparticles
(AgNPs)
using
seed
skin
extract
guarana
(
Paullinia
cupana
)
as
a
natural
stabilizing
and
reducing
agent.
Employing
Taguchi
design,
nine
experiments
were
conducted
across
three
levels
for
four
key
factors:
reaction
temperature,
pH,
nitrate
concentration,
concentration
to
minimize
AgNP
size.
Optimal
conditions
–
pH
11,
5
mM
nitrate,
50°C
1%
(m/v)
produced
quasi-spherical
AgNPs
with
an
average
size
∼26
nm.
Chemical
analysis
revealed
caffeine
main
organic
compound
potassium
oxide
primary
inorganic
component.
UV-vis
spectra
showed
absorption
peak
at
438
nm,
X-ray
diffraction
confirmed
typical
peaks.
Further
identified
polyphenols,
alkaloids,
flavonoids
agents.
A
high
(180.0
±
0.2
ppm)
was
through
ICP-OES,
demonstrated
significant
antibacterial
activity
against
Escherichia
coli
Staphylococcus
aureus
,
minimum
inhibitory
50
μg·mL
−1
.
underscores
sustainability
promising
alternative
traditional
nanoparticle
production
methods.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(22), P. 12003 - 12003
Published: Nov. 8, 2024
Natural
caffeine
is
found
in
many
plants,
including
coffee
beans,
cacao
and
tea
leaves.
Around
the
world,
beverages,
coffee,
tea,
energy
drinks,
some
soft
have
this
natural
compound.
This
paper
reviewed
results
of
meta-studies
on
caffeine's
effects
chronic
diseases.
Of
importance,
shown
that
regularly
drinking
or
caffeinated
significantly
reduces
risk
developing
Alzheimer's
disease,
epilepsy,
Parkinson's
disease.
Based
health
supplements
caffeine,
review
summarizes
various
aspects
related
to
application
its
pharmacokinetics,
functional
benefits
such
as
central
nervous
system.
The
importance
use
alleviating
treating
cancer,
diabetes,
eye
diseases,
autoimmune
cardiovascular
diseases
also
discussed.
Overall,
consuming
daily
drinks
containing
antioxidant
neuroprotective
properties,
prevents
progressive
neurodegenerative
Parkinson's.
Furthermore,
effectively
deliver
body,
recently
developed
nanoformulations
using
for
instance,
nanoparticles,
liposomes,
etc.,
are
summarized
along
with
regulatory
safety
considerations
caffeine.
U.S.
Department
Agriculture
(USDA)
Food
Drug
Administration
(FDA)
recommended
healthy
adults
consume
up
400
mg
per
day
5~6
mg/kg
body
weight.
Since
a
cup
contains,
average,
100
150
1
3
cups
may
help
prevent
interesting
important
areas
research
applications
human
health.
Nanotechnology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
35(33), P. 335704 - 335704
Published: May 17, 2024
This
research
aims
to
develop
relatively
new
membranes
from
starch
biopolymer
incorporated
with
different
concentrations
(0,
5,
10,
15,
20%
w/w
of
solid
starch)
chitosan
nanoparticles
(CNP)
that
can
be
used
for
water
treatment.
The
were
fabricated
using
the
solvent
casting
method
while
CNP
was
produced
ionic
gelation
method.
characterized
in
terms
morphology,
porosity,
vapor
permeability
(WVP),
and
contact
angle.
application
treat
demonstrated
on
methylene
blue
solution
because
is
a
commonly
dye
many
industries.
It
found
starch/10%
membrane
optimum
treatment
exhibits
smooth
surface,
high
WVP
(1.67
×
10
