Peripheral Pathways to Neurovascular Unit Dysfunction, Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer’s Disease DOI Creative Commons
Amy R. Nelson

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: April 18, 2022

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. It was first described more than a century ago, and scientists are acquiring new data learning novel information about every day. Although there nuances details continuously being unraveled, many key players were identified in early 1900's by Dr. Oskar Fischer Alois Alzheimer, including amyloid-beta (Aβ), tau, vascular abnormalities, gliosis, possible role infections. More recently, has been growing interest appreciation for neurovascular unit dysfunction that occurs mild cognitive impairment (MCI) before independent Aβ tau brain accumulation. In last decade, evidence oligomers antimicrobial peptides generated response to infection expanded our knowledge challenged preconceived notions. The concept pathogenic germs cause infections generating an innate immune (e.g., produced peripheral organs) associated with incident dementia worthwhile considering context sporadic AD unknown root cause. Therefore, amyloid hypothesis proposed remains be vetted future research. Meanwhile, humans remain complex variable organisms individual risk factors define their status, function, neuronal plasticity. this focused review, idea organ contribute disease, through generation amyloids and/or will explored discussed. Ultimately, questions answered critical areas exploration highlighted.

Language: Английский

Cerebrovascular Manifestations of SARS-CoV-2: A Comprehensive Review DOI Open Access

Εleni Stefanou,

Nikolaos Karvelas, Samuel Bennett

et al.

Current Treatment Options in Neurology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 25(4), P. 71 - 92

Published: March 4, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Tracking inflammation resolution signatures in lungs after SARS-CoV-2 omicron BA.1 infection of K18-hACE2 mice DOI Creative Commons
Agnes Carolin, Kexin Yan, Cameron Bishop

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 13, 2024

Abstract The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), which can result in disease, often characterised by a ‘cytokine storm’ and the associated distress syndrome. However, many infections with SARS-CoV-2 are mild or asymptomatic throughout course of infection. Although blood biomarkers disease well studied, less understood inflammatory signatures lung tissues silent infections, wherein infection inflammation rapidly resolved leading to sequelae-free recovery. Herein we described RNA-Seq histological analyses lungs over time an omicron BA.1/K18-hACE2 mouse model, displays these latter features. robust was evident at days post (dpi), viral RNA largely cleared 10 dpi. Acute showed slightly different pattern cytokine compared models, where much diminished 30 dpi absent 66 Cellular deconvolution identified significantly increased abundance scores for number anti-inflammatory pro-resolution cell types 5/10 These included type II innate lymphoid cells, T regulatory interstitial macrophages. Genes whose expression trended downwards – were pathways. upward during this period recovery ciliated AT2 AT1 transition, reticular fibroblasts indicating return homeostasis. Very few differentially expressed host genes dpi, suggesting near complete parallels between subclinical humans those observed model discussed reference concept “protective inflammation”.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Hospitalisation for COVID-19 predicts long lasting cerebrovascular impairment: A prospective observational cohort study DOI Creative Commons
Kamen A. Tsvetanov,

Lennart R. B. Spindler,

Emmanuel A. Stamatakis

et al.

NeuroImage Clinical, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 36, P. 103253 - 103253

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Human coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has multiple neurological consequences, but its long-term effect on brain health is still uncertain. The cerebrovascular consequences of COVID-19 may also affect health. We studied the chronic health, in relation severity, adverse clinical outcomes and contrast control group data. Here we assess 45 patients six months after hospitalisation for using resting state fluctuation amplitudes (RSFA) from functional magnetic resonance imaging, severity with 42 controls. Acute was indexed by WHO Progression Scale, inflammatory coagulatory biomarkers. Chronic widespread changes frontoparietal RSFA were related episode. This relationship not explained cardiorespiratory dysfunction, age, or sex. level dysfunction associated cognitive, mental, physical at follow-up. principal findings consistent across univariate multivariate approaches. results indicate impairment following COVID-19, potential cognitive function mental wellbeing.

Language: Английский

Citations

15
Central Nervous System Pericytes Contribute to Health and Disease DOI Creative Commons
Francesco Girolamo, Mariella Errede,

Antonella Bizzoca

et al.

Cells, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(10), P. 1707 - 1707

Published: May 20, 2022

Successful neuroprotection is only possible with contemporary microvascular protection. The prevention of disease-induced vascular modifications that accelerate brain damage remains largely elusive. An improved understanding pericyte (PC) signalling could provide important insight into the function neurovascular unit (NVU), and injury-provoked responses modify cell-cell interactions crosstalk. Due to sharing same basement membrane endothelial cells, PCs have a crucial role in control endothelial, astrocyte, oligodendrocyte precursor functions hence blood-brain barrier stability. Both cerebrovascular neurodegenerative diseases impair oxygen delivery functionally NVU. In this review, central nervous system health disease discussed, considering their origin, multipotency, also dysfunction, focusing on new avenues modulate neuroprotection. Dysfunctional PC be considered as potential biomarker NVU pathology, allowing us individualize therapeutic interventions, monitor responses, or predict outcomes.

Language: Английский

Citations

14
Peripheral Pathways to Neurovascular Unit Dysfunction, Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer’s Disease DOI Creative Commons
Amy R. Nelson

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: April 18, 2022

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. It was first described more than a century ago, and scientists are acquiring new data learning novel information about every day. Although there nuances details continuously being unraveled, many key players were identified in early 1900's by Dr. Oskar Fischer Alois Alzheimer, including amyloid-beta (Aβ), tau, vascular abnormalities, gliosis, possible role infections. More recently, has been growing interest appreciation for neurovascular unit dysfunction that occurs mild cognitive impairment (MCI) before independent Aβ tau brain accumulation. In last decade, evidence oligomers antimicrobial peptides generated response to infection expanded our knowledge challenged preconceived notions. The concept pathogenic germs cause infections generating an innate immune (e.g., produced peripheral organs) associated with incident dementia worthwhile considering context sporadic AD unknown root cause. Therefore, amyloid hypothesis proposed remains be vetted future research. Meanwhile, humans remain complex variable organisms individual risk factors define their status, function, neuronal plasticity. this focused review, idea organ contribute disease, through generation amyloids and/or will explored discussed. Ultimately, questions answered critical areas exploration highlighted.

Language: Английский

Citations

14