Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 62(11), P. 1233 - 1244
Published: March 8, 2023
Language: Английский
NeuroImage, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 268, P. 119896 - 119896
Published: Jan. 21, 2023
Our perceptions and decisions are not always objectively correct as they featured by a bias related to our self. What the behavioral, neural, computational mechanisms of such cognitive bias? Addressing this yet unresolved question, we here investigate whether is temporal integration segregation mediated brain's Intrinsic neural timescales (INT). Using Signal Detection Theory (SDT), operationalize Criterion C distinguished from sensitivity index d’. This was probed in self-task based on morphed self- other faces. Behavioral data demonstrate clear bias, i.e., C. That EEG-based INT measured autocorrelation window (ACW) especially transmodal regions dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) default-mode network (DMN) distinct unimodal visual cortex. Finally, simulation same paradigm large-scale model shows high degrees temporally inputs CMS/DMN dlPFC while predominates Together, key role INT-based including its relation uni-transmodal topographical organization mediating
Language: Английский
Citations
28
Brain Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5(2)
Published: March 2, 2023
Collective research has identified a key electroencephalogram signature in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder, consisting of abnormally reduced alpha (8-12 Hz) rhythms. We conducted 20-session, double-blind, randomized controlled trial desynchronizing neurofeedback disorder over 20 weeks. Our objective was to provide mechanistic evidence underlying potential clinical improvements by examining changes aberrant brain rhythms (namely, oscillations) as function treatment. randomly assigned participants primary diagnosis (n = 38) either an experimental group 20) or sham-control 18). A multichannel cap used record whole-scalp resting-state activity pre- and post-neurofeedback treatment, for both the groups. first observed significantly relative source power at baseline compared age/sex-matched neurotypical healthy controls 32), primarily within regions anterior default mode network. Post-treatment, we found that only demonstrated significant resynchronization areas displayed low baseline. In parallel, decreased severity scores only, when comparing post-treatment (Cohen's d 0.77) three-month follow-up 0.75), remission rate 60.0% follow-up. Overall, our results indicate training can rescue pathologically rhythmicity, functional biomarker repeatedly been linked symptoms hyperarousal cortical disinhibition disorder. This provides long-term suggesting 'alpha rebound effect' (i.e. homeostatic resynchronization) occurs network previously implicated
Language: Английский
Citations
24
NeuroImage Clinical, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 28, P. 102490 - 102490
Published: Jan. 1, 2020
The default-mode network (DMN) and salience (SN) have been shown to display altered connectivity in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Restoring aberrant within these networks with electroencephalogram neurofeedback (EEG-NFB) has previously be associated acute decreases symptoms. Here, we conducted a double-blind, sham-controlled randomized trial of alpha-rhythm EEG-NFB participants PTSD (n = 36) over 20-weeks. Our aim was provide mechanistic evidence underlying clinical improvements by examining changes via fMRI. Methods: We randomly assigned primary diagnosis either the experimental group 18) or sham-control 18). collected resting-state fMRI scans pre- post-NFB intervention, for both groups. further compared baseline brain measures pre-NFB age-matched healthy controls 36). Results: With regard outcome measure severity, found significant main effect time absence × interaction. Nevertheless, significantly decreased severity scores NFB only, when comparing (dz 0.71) 3-month follow-up 0.77) measures. Interestingly, suggest shift towards normalization DMN SN only. Both performance were correlated group. Critically, remission rates higher (61.1%) as (33.3%). Conclusion: current study shows therapeutic that are known psychopathology no patient dropouts. This preliminary investigation merits research demonstrate fully efficacy an adjunctive therapy PTSD.
Language: Английский
Citations
62
European journal of psychotraumatology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)
Published: Feb. 28, 2022
Systemic oppression, particularly towards sexual minorities, continues to be deeply rooted in the bedrock of many societies globally. Experiences with minority stressors (e.g. discrimination, hate-crimes, internalized homonegativity, rejection sensitivity, and microaggressions or everyday indignities) have been consistently linked adverse mental health outcomes. Elucidating neural adaptations associated stress exposure will critical for furthering our understanding how minorities become disproportionately affected by burdens.
Language: Английский
Citations
34
Neuroscience of Consciousness, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2022(1)
Published: Jan. 1, 2022
Abstract Meditation can exert a profound impact on our mental life, with proficient practitioners often reporting an experience free of boundaries between separate self and the environment, suggesting explicit “nondual awareness.” What are neural correlates such experiences how do they relate to idea nondual awareness itself? In order unravel effects that meditation has brain’s spatial topography, we review functional magnetic resonance imaging brain findings from studies specific array types meditator levels. We also directly probe interaction self. The main results (i) decreased posterior default mode network (DMN) activity, (ii) increased central executive (CEN) (iii) connectivity within DMN as well anterior DMN, (iv) CEN, (v) significantly impacted CEN (likely nonlinear phenomenon). Together, these suggest organizational shift topography in advanced meditators—we therefore propose topographic reorganization model (TRoM). One core component TRoM is related decrease mental-self-processing along synchronization more layers self-processing, notably interoceptive exteroceptive-self-processing. This functionality both self-processing result awareness. conclusion, this provides insight into proposes result-driven unifying (TRoM) aimed at identifying inextricably tied objective (neural) subjective (experiential) meditation.
Language: Английский
Citations
33
Brain and Behavior, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(3)
Published: Feb. 15, 2023
Abstract Background Alterations within large‐scale brain networks—namely, the default mode (DMN) and salience networks (SN)—are present among individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Previous real‐time functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) electroencephalography neurofeedback studies suggest that regulating posterior cingulate cortex (PCC; primary hub of DMN) activity may reduce PTSD symptoms recalibrate altered network dynamics. However, PCC connectivity to DMN SN during PCC‐targeted fMRI remains unexamined help elucidate neurophysiological mechanisms through which these symptom improvements occur. Methods Using a trauma/emotion provocation paradigm, we investigated psychophysiological interactions over single session ( n = 14) healthy control 15) participants. We compared between regulate (in participants downregulated activity) view did not exert regulatory control) conditions across whole‐brain as well in priori specified regions‐of‐interest. Results During conditions, only group showed significant anterior (dmPFC, vmPFC) (posterior insula) regions, whereas both groups displayed other areas (precuneus/cuneus). Additionally, controls, significantly greater (amygdala) conditions. Moreover, linear regression analyses revealed regions was positively correlated psychiatric all Conclusion In summary, observations provide emerging evidence neural underlying PTSD. This supports use means by PTSD‐associated alterations SN, together, facilitate improved emotion regulation abilities
Language: Английский
Citations
22
NeuroImage Clinical, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 38, P. 103426 - 103426
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
Neural representations of sensory percepts and motor responses constitute key elements autobiographical memory. However, these may remain as unintegrated fragments in traumatic memory, thus contributing toward re-experiencing reliving symptoms trauma-related conditions such post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Here, we investigated the sensorimotor network (SMN) posterior default mode (pDMN) using a group independent component analysis (ICA) by examining their functional connectivity during script-driven memory retrieval paradigm (potentially) morally injurious events individuals with PTSD healthy controls. Moral injury (MI), where an individual acts or fails to act aligned manner, is examined given its inherent ties disrupted planning mechanisms. Our findings revealed significant differences across SMN pDMN MI participants (n = 65) compared controls 25). No group-wise emerged neutral PTSD-related alterations included hyperconnectivity between pDMN, enhanced within-network premotor areas, increased recruitment supramarginal gyrus into both retrieval. In parallel neuroimaging findings, positive correlation was found severity subjective intensity ratings after These results suggest neural basis for re-experiencing, and/or re-enacting past event form occurs place retrieving complete, past-contextualized narrative put forth Brewin colleagues (1996) Conway Pleydell-Pearce (2000). have implications bottom-up treatments targeting directly motoric experiences.
Language: Английский
Citations
18
Consciousness and Cognition, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 97, P. 103244 - 103244
Published: Nov. 27, 2021
Language: Английский
Citations
39
Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(10), P. 1312 - 1312
Published: Oct. 2, 2021
Various studies demonstrate a special role of the right compared to left anterior insula in mediating our self. However, neural features that allow for its remain unclear. Presupposing spatiotemporal model self-"Basis self-specificity" (BMSS)-we here address following question: what spatial-topographic and temporal-dynamic render activity be more suitable self-specificity than insula? First, applying fMRI, we (i) exhibits higher degrees centrality rest, (ii) context-dependent functional connectivity self-specific task among regions distinct layers self (intero-, extero-proprioceptive, mental). Second, using EEG rest task, show shows longer autocorrelation window (ACW) both other different Together, topographic, i.e., high connectivity, dynamic, long ACW, This suits ideally integration temporal continuity as key including intero-, mental layers.
Language: Английский
Citations
37
Theory & Psychology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 33(4), P. 485 - 514
Published: March 8, 2022
The search for the subjective nature of our self is intensely debated in philosophy and neuroscience. However, despite all progress, subjectivity how it fits into seemingly objective world remains elusive. Drawing on recent empirical data, we show shaped by brain’s scale-free activity, that is, long-range temporal correlation (LRTC) world’s ecological context. We assume LRTC world–brain relation provides ontological basis point view as foundation within world. conclude temporal, based through ontologically necessary a posteriori condition deeper neuro-ecological level. This extends phenomenological concepts like beyond both Heidegger’s fundamental ontology Sartre’s ontology: complements their subjectivity-based ontologies with truly world-based ontology.
Language: Английский
Citations
27