Conceptualizing Mindfulness Using Construal Level Theory: A Two-Dimensional Model DOI Creative Commons

Noa Bigman-Peer,

Iftah Yovel

Mindfulness, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(9), P. 2402 - 2414

Published: Aug. 17, 2024

Abstract Construal Level Theory (CLT) is a well-established, comprehensive framework that provides an account of the relationship between construal level and psychological distance, effects they have on cognitive processing wide range phenomena. In this article we present conceptualization mindfulness based theoretical foundations CLT. light definitions current research, it difficult to determine whether entails low distance concrete, non-conceptual representations experience, or high abstract representations. We argue uniquely combines both. The two-dimensional model posits characterized by simultaneous decreased from external sensory experiences increased internal mental experiences. highlight uniqueness quality mindfulness, demonstrate how formulation presented here not only aligns well with but also integrates research as state consciousness personality disposition. further combination underlies beneficial delineate enables individuals leverage advantages mitigate drawbacks associated both levels distance. proposed resolves contradictions in literature, aiming deepen our understanding its benefits, core mechanisms.

Language: Английский

Move Your Body, Boost Your Brain: The Positive Impact of Physical Activity on Cognition across All Age Groups DOI Creative Commons
Felice Festa,

Silvia Medori,

Monica Macrì

et al.

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(6), P. 1765 - 1765

Published: June 20, 2023

While the physical improvements from exercise have been well documented over years, impact of activity on mental health has recently become an object interest. Physical improves cognition, particularly attention, memory, and executive functions. However, mechanisms underlying these effects yet to be fully understood. Consequently, we conducted a narrative literature review concerning association between acute chronic cognition provide overview exercise-induced benefits during lifetime person. Most previous papers mainly reported exercise-related greater expression neurotransmitter neurotrophic factors. Recently, structural functional magnetic resonance imaging techniques allowed for detection increased grey matter volumes specific brain regions substantial modifications in default mode, frontoparietal, dorsal attention networks following exercise. Here, highlighted that induced significant changes activation cognitive performance every age group could counteract psychological disorders neural decline. No particular gained better exercise, type generate selected target subject. Further research should develop appropriate intervention programs comorbidity achieve most outcomes.

Language: Английский

Citations

35
Effects of open-skill exercise on executive functions in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis DOI Creative Commons

Shunding Hu,

Peng Shi, Ziyun Zhang

et al.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Background The research on the intervention of open-skill exercise executive functions children and adolescents still requires quantitative synthesis, there is inconsistency in effects by strategic interceptive skills, which are sub-divided from exercise. Therefore, this study systematically explores aforementioned issues examines potential moderating factors functions. Methods Computer searches CNKI, WOS, PubMed, ScienceDirect SPORTDiscus databases were conducted. Two researchers independently screened articles extracted data, used bias risk assessment tool recommended Cochrane Collaboration Network Methodological Index for Non- Randomized Studies (MINORS) scale to assess included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) quasi-experimental designs (QEDs). Statistical analyses performed using Stata 16.0 software. Results A total 16 17 studies included, comprising 11 RCTs 6 QEDs. participants 1,298 aged 5 16. Open skill exercises have significant ( p < 0.01) inhibitory control SMD = −0.627, 95% CI −0.890 −0.363), working memory −0.517, −0.768 −0.266), cognitive flexibility −0.652, −1.085 −0.219). higher than those particularly dimension −0.707, −0.819 −0.594, 0.05). In addition, moderate-intensity higher-frequency overall a more positive effect promoting 0.05); interventions 10 weeks effective 0.05), while 30-min sessions most lasting 75 120 min Open-skill has impact 5–9 age group 10–16 exercise, especially, Eastern Both Egger linear regression literature sensitivity suggested that Meta-analysis results stable reliable. Conclusion functioning adolescents, effective. elements (intensity, frequency, duration per session) demographic (age ethnicity) play role context. Based this, it choose according their actual situation select appropriate maximize enhancement Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#myprospero , CRD42025636714.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Overview on brain function enhancement of Internet addicts through exercise intervention: Based on reward-execution-decision cycle DOI Creative Commons
Hao Chen, Guijun Dong, Kefeng Li

et al.

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Feb. 2, 2023

Internet addiction (IA) has become an impulse control disorder included in the category of psychiatric disorders. The IA trend significantly increased after outbreak new crown epidemic. damages some brain functions humans. Emerging evidence suggests that exercise exerts beneficial effects on function and cognitive level damaged by IA. This work reviews neurobiological mechanisms describes impairment from three systems: reward, execution, decision-making. Furthermore, we sort out research related to intervention its effect improving function. internal external factors produce must be considered when summarizing movement interventions a behavioral perspective. We can design prescriptions based interests achieve goal quitting explores possible improve through systematic analysis. this provides directions for future targeted prescriptions.

Language: Английский

Citations

17
Microbiota–gut–brain axis: the mediator of exercise and brain health DOI Creative Commons

Piao Kang,

Alan Wang

Deleted Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract The brain controls the nerve system, allowing complex emotional and cognitive activities. microbiota–gut–brain axis is a bidirectional neural, hormonal, immune signaling pathway that could link gastrointestinal tract to brain. Over past few decades, gut microbiota has been demonstrated be an essential component of plays crucial role in regulating most functions various body organs. effects on occur through production neurotransmitters, hormones, metabolites, regulation host-produced or synthesis metabolites by themselves. This affects host's behavior, mood, attention state, brain's food reward system. Meanwhile, there intimate association between exercise. Exercise can change numerically qualitatively, which may partially responsible for widespread benefits regular physical activity human health. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) non-invasive method show areas enabling delineation specific regions involved neurocognitive disorders. Through combining exercise tasks fMRI techniques, researchers observe higher functions. However, exercise's health via have little studied. article reviews highlights connections these three interactions, will help us further understand positive provide new strategies approaches prevention treatment diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Alterations in functional connectivity in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain after motor control exercise: a randomized trial DOI Creative Commons
Chanjuan Zhang, Zhou Zhang, Yuelong Li

et al.

European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 60(2)

Published: Feb. 15, 2024

Motor control exercise (MCE) is effective in alleviating non-specific chronic low back pain (NCLBP). Neuro-imaging research warranted to explore the underlying neural mechanisms of MCE.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
The Effect of Chronic Exercise on Energy and Fatigue States: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials DOI Creative Commons
Carly L. A. Wender, Mika Manninen, Patrick J. O’Connor

et al.

Frontiers in Psychology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: June 3, 2022

In this meta-analysis, we synthesized the results of randomized controlled trials different exercise training interventions on participants’ feelings fatigue, energy, and vitality. The search studies was conducted using six databases as well several other supplementary strategies available before December 2021. initial generated over 3,600 articles with 81 (7,050 participants) 172 effects meeting inclusion criteria. We analyzed from a meta-analytic multivariate model considered potential moderating effect multiple variables. Our analysis revealed to decrease fatigue by small size ( g = −0.374; 95% CI [−0.521, −0.227]), increase energy small-to-moderate 0.415; [0.252, 0.578]), feeling vitality moderate 0.537; [0.404, 0.671]). All main remained robust after sensitivity analyses statistical estimators, consideration outlier influential studies. Moreover, moderator significant intensity intervention duration intensity, modality participant health, modality, location conclude that when groups adopt program while participating in trial, compared controls, typically average improvements

Language: Английский

Citations

23
Effects of Physical Exercise on Gross Motor Skills in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder DOI
Piedad Rocío Lerma Castaño, Diana Paola Montealegre Suárez, Elizabeth Roldán González

et al.

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 6, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

13
Recentering neuroscience on behavior: The interface between brain and environment is a privileged level of control of neural activity DOI
Igor Branchi

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 138, P. 104678 - 104678

Published: April 26, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

22
Association Between Accelerometer-Derived Physical Activity Measurements and Brain Structure DOI
Fabienne A.U. Fox, Kersten Diers, Hweeling Lee

et al.

Neurology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 99(11)

Published: Aug. 2, 2022

While there is growing evidence that physical activity promotes neuronal health, studies examining the relation between and brain morphology remain inconclusive. We therefore examined whether objectively quantified related to volume, cortical thickness, gray matter density in a large cohort study. In addition, we assessed molecular pathways may underlie effects of on morphology.We used cross-sectional baseline data from 2,550 eligible participants (57.6% women; mean age: 54.7 years, range: 30-94 years) prospective Physical dose (metabolic equivalent hours step counts) intensity (sedentary light-intensity moderate-to-vigorous activities) were recorded with accelerometers. Brain volumetric, density, thickness measures obtained 3T MRI scans using FreeSurfer Statistical Parametric Mapping. The (independent variable) structure (outcome) was polynomial multivariable regression, while adjusting for age, sex, intracranial education, smoking. Using gene expression profiles Allen Atlas, extracted signatures associated morphology.Physical independently larger volumes, several regions. volume most pronounced at low quantities differed men women across age. For example, more time spent activities greater total but leveled off (standardized β [95% CIs]: 1.37 [0.35-2.39] -0.70 [-1.25 -0.15] linear quadratic terms, respectively). strongest observed motor regions enriched genes involved mitochondrial respiration.Our findings suggest benefits high oxidative demand. young adults particularly profit additional high-intensity activities, older already benefit activities. reduced sedentary be critical prevention age-associated atrophy neurodegenerative diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

19
Large-Scale Network Connectivity and Cognitive Function Changes After Exercise Training in Older Adults with Intact Cognition and Mild Cognitive Impairment DOI Creative Commons
Junyeon Won, Kristy A. Nielson, J. Carson Smith

et al.

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7(1), P. 399 - 413

Published: April 26, 2023

Background: Despite growing evidence regarding the association between exercise training (ET) and functional brain network connectivity, little is known about effects of ET on large-scale within- between-network connectivity (FC) core networks. Objective: We investigated default mode (DMN), frontoparietal (FPN), salience (SAL) in older adults with intact cognition (CN) diagnosed mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The ET-induced changes FC performance was examined. Methods: 33 (78.0±7.0 years; 16 MCI 17 CN) participated this study. Before after a 12-week walking intervention, participants underwent graded test, Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT), Rey Auditory Verbal Learning (RAVLT), narrative memory test (logical memory; LM), resting-state fMRI scan. examined within ( W ) B DMN, FPN, SAL. used linear regression to examine associations ET-related function. Results: There were significant improvements cardiorespiratory fitness, COWAT, RAVLT, LM across participants. Significant increases DMN SAL , DMN-FPN DMN-SAL FPN-SAL observed ET. Greater associated enhanced immediate recall both groups. Conclusion: Increased following may subserve individuals due Alzheimer’s disease.

Language: Английский

Citations

12