Neurobiology of Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 202, P. 106716 - 106716
Published: Oct. 28, 2024
Language: Английский
Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Feb. 27, 2025
The amygdala has increasingly been proposed as a therapeutic target for patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the distinct contributions of left and right to various aspects fear processing remain inadequately understood. Here, we critically re-evaluate key findings from human functional neuroimaging lesion studies on conditioning extinction. We propose that while both amygdalae likely make critical processing, is more associated sensory-mediated expression, cognitive-mediated acquisition With accumulating evidence studies, suggest differentially targeting versus ablative or neuromodulatory therapies can be crucial optimizing PTSD treatment.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Brain, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 147(3), P. 816 - 829
Published: Dec. 18, 2023
Abstract The amygdala was highlighted as an early site for neurofibrillary tau tangle pathology in Alzheimer’s disease the seminal 1991 article by Braak and Braak. This knowledge has, however, only received traction recently with advances imaging image analysis techniques. Here, we provide a cross-disciplinary overview of neuroimaging studies on amygdala. These strong support role utility biomarkers detecting changes predicting decline cognitive functions neuropsychiatric symptoms stages. We summarize animal literature connectivity amygdala, demonstrating that nuclei show earliest strongest accumulation are those connected to brain regions also accumulation. Additionally, propose alternative pathway spreading within medial temporal lobe between anterior hippocampus. proposed existence this is strengthened novel experimental data human functional connectivity. Finally, roles highlighting correspondence symptomatic profiles disease. In summary, these findings new impetus studying unique perspective guide further study occurrence
Language: Английский
Citations
20
Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15
Published: Jan. 6, 2025
The basolateral complex of the amygdala is a crucial neurobiological site for Pavlovian conditioning. Investigations into volumetric alterations in individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) have yielded conflicting results. These may be reconciled an inverted U-shape allostatic growth trajectory. This hypothesized trajectory unfolds initial phase expansion, driven by enhanced dendritic arborization and synaptic plasticity. increase volume followed reduction phase, as glucocorticoid exposure cumulatively results excitotoxic damage, reflecting load. 7T magnetic resonance brain imaging was conducted on total 84 participants (mean age 38 ± 12 years), comprising 20 unmedicated medicated MDD, 21 suffering from bipolar 23 healthy controls. We employed FreeSurfer 7.3.2 automatic high-resolution segmentation nine subnuclei. analyses covariance, volumes complex, lateral nucleus and, exploratively, whole amygdala, dependent variables, while controlling intracranial sex. Quadratic regressions were computed within MDD group relevant subgroups to investigate presence U-shaped relationship between number preceding episodes or duration disease since first episode variables. Diagnostic groups did not exhibit statistically significant differences (left F (3,75) = 0.66, p >.05; right (3,76) 1.80, >.05), 1.22, 2.30, >.05)), 0.48, 1.58, >.05). No quadratic associations observed surrogate parameters progression any examined volumes. There no correlations subregion clinical characteristics. found evidence hypothesis MDD. Future research larger sample sizes, including measurement genetic epigenetic markers, will hopefully further elucidate this compelling paradigm.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. e0317573 - e0317573
Published: Jan. 16, 2025
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Major Depressive (MDD), and Adjustment (AdjD) are highly prevalent among military personnel, often presenting diagnostic challenges due to overlapping symptoms reliance on self-reporting. The amygdala, particularly the basolateral complex involved in fear-related memory formation extinction recall, plays a crucial role emotional processing. Abnormalities these amygdala nuclei implicated PTSD may distinguish it from other disorders like MDD AdjD, where mechanisms less central. Investigating structural differences specific could enhance precision inform targeted interventions. This study aimed explore volumetric patients with PTSD, MDD, comorbid (PTSD+MDD), AdjD using routine clinical MRI data. We hypothesized that would exhibit distinct volumes compared those or AdjD. Additionally, we examined influence of symptom duration, prior medication, psychotherapeutic experience volumes. conducted retrospective cross-sectional 185 personnel (162 men, 23 women) diagnosed (n = 50), 70), PTSD+MDD 38), 27). High-resolution T1-weighted scans were obtained 3T Siemens Skyra scanner. Amygdala subfields automatically segmented volumetrized FreeSurfer software. Analysis covariance (ANCOVA) models across groups, controlling for estimated total intracranial volume (eTIV), age, gender. Exploratory analyses included medication use, psychotherapy as additional covariates. Sensitivity further impact depressive episode type (first vs. recurrent), severity (mild, moderate, severe), duration. main revealed no significant medial PTSD+MDD, groups. did not identify associations between psychotherapy. also showed related type, severity, Our findings suggest that, within this population, measured data do significantly differ indicates volumetry alone suffice stress-related settings. highlights complexity diagnosing mental health conditions underscores need comprehensive approaches integrate neuroimaging assessments. Future research should include healthy control consider brain regions functional connectivity, employ longitudinal designs better understand temporal dynamics changes their relation symptomatology.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: June 25, 2024
Abstract While most people are right-handed, a minority left-handed or mixed-handed. It has been suggested that mental and developmental disorders associated with increased prevalence of left-handedness mixed-handedness. However, substantial heterogeneity exists across disorders, indicating not all considerable shift away from right-handedness. Increased frequencies in left- mixed-handedness have also more severe clinical symptoms, symptom severity rather than diagnosis explains the high non-right-handedness disorders. To address this issue, present study investigated association between handedness measures stress reactivity, depression, mania, anxiety, positive negative symptoms large sample 994 healthy controls 1213 patients DSM IV affective schizoaffective schizophrenia. A series complementary analyses revealed lower lateralization higher percentage major depression (14.9%) schizophrenia (24.0%) compared to (12%). For schizophrenia, was an increasing tendency towards left-handedness. No associations were found for diagnosed bipolar disorder, disorder. In controls, no hand preference evident. Taken together, these findings suggest both relevant right-handedness like depression.
Language: Английский
Citations
3
European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Aug. 31, 2024
Abstract Morphological changes in the hippocampal, thalamic, and amygdala subfields have been suggested to form part of pathophysiology major depressive disorder (MDD). However, use conventional MRI scanners acquisition techniques has prevented in-depth examinations at subfield level, precluding a fine-grained understanding these their involvement MDD pathophysiology. We uniquely employed ultra-high field 7.0 Tesla map MDD. Fifty-six patients 14 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled final analysis. FreeSurfer protocols used segment subfields. Bayesian analysis was then implemented assess differences between groups relations with clinical features. While no effect found for diagnosis (i.e., case–control comparison), characteristics associated volumes hippocampus, thalamus, amygdala. Specifically, severity symptoms, insomnia, childhood trauma related lower thalamic volumes. In addition, typical versus those atypical showed recurrent first-episode also These findings allow insights into morphology MDD, linking some them manifestation
Language: Английский
Citations
3
Science Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(47)
Published: Nov. 22, 2024
Reasoning about someone’s thoughts and intentions—i.e., forming a “theory of mind”—is core aspect social cognition relies on association areas the brain that have expanded disproportionately in human lineage. We recently showed these zones comprise parallel distributed networks that, despite occupying adjacent interdigitated regions, serve dissociable functions. One network is selectively recruited by cognitive processes. What circuit properties differentiate networks? Here, we show are intrinsically connected to anterior regions medial temporal lobe implicated emotional learning behaviors, including amygdala at or near basolateral complex nucleus. The results suggest functions emerge through coordinated activity between internal circuits broader network, indicate nucleus may play an important role humans.
Language: Английский
Citations
3
Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 37(1), P. 13 - 22
Published: Dec. 8, 2023
The amygdala consists of a collection nuclei that are deep within the medial temporal lobe. Despite its small size, is one most densely connected structures in brain, and it plays role many superior neural functions, including neurovegetative control, motor memory processing, neuromodulation. Advances neuroimaging technology for examining brain activity have opened up new ways understanding functional contribution this structure to emotions, learning, related memories. Many studies shown key pathophysiology neuropsychiatric disorders, such as anxiety depression, aggression, epilepsy. This article reviews anatomical amygdaloid complex connectivity among subdivisions with other structures, which will serve basis clinical correlations.
Language: Английский
Citations
5
International Journal of Bipolar Disorders, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1)
Published: Dec. 1, 2023
Abstract Background Bipolar disorder (BD) is often seen as a bridge between schizophrenia and depression in terms of symptomatology etiology. Interestingly, hemispheric asymmetries well behavioral lateralization are shifted towards tendency left-side or mixed-side bias whereas no shift observed subjects with depression. Given the role BD both, (hypo)manic depressive episodes, investigating an interesting objective. Method A systematic review studies including measures form handedness, footedness, eyedness, language was performed resulting 25 suitable studies. Results broad variety methods used to assess lateralization, especially for hindering integration results. Additionally, hand preference, frequently different cut-off scores classification systems. Overall, do not support alteration side preference subjects. Studies focusing on differences handedness demonstrate that show equal rates right- non-right-handedness general population. Few manic episodes point increased ear eye dominance, but small sample sizes conflicting results warrant further investigation. Conclusion The reinforce some disorders, such BD, should be treated homogenous group sub-groups analyzed within patient’s Particularly, clinical implications from neuroimaging highlight need study given they may important consider brain stimulation protocols.
Language: Английский
Citations
4
Neuroscience Applied, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3, P. 103937 - 103937
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
A significant proportion of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) do not experience remission after one or more pharmacological treatments. Research has explored brain structural measures, particularly hippocampal volume, as potential predictors treatment response, well genetic factors. This study investigated the association polygenic scores (PGSs) for seven subcortical volumes (including hippocampus, nucleus accumbens, amygdala, and caudate nucleus) non-response non-remission in MDD. Patients MDD were recruited context five clinical studies, including a total 3637 individuals. PGSs estimated using Bayesian framework continuous shrinkage priors (PRS-CS-auto) standard genotype quality control imputation. Logistic regressions performed between each sample, adjusting age, sex, baseline symptom severity, recruitment sites, population stratification. Results meta-analysed across samples, random-effect model. No was meta-analysis Bonferroni correction. The top finding found volume PGS (OR = 1.09, 95% CI 1.01–1.19, p 0.036), no evidence heterogeneity. Leave-one-out sensitivity analyses showed that this result influenced by two largest samples meta-analysis. should be considered preliminary it did reach Bonferroni-adjusted significance threshold. Future studies greater statistical power may enhance predictive performance contribute to identification outcomes MDD, contributing precision psychiatry.
Language: Английский
Citations
1