Communications Biology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
7(1)
Published: July 5, 2024
Abstract
The
costs
and
benefits
of
group
living
are
also
reflected
in
intraspecific
variation
size.
Yet,
little
is
known
about
general
patterns
fitness
consequences
this
variation.
We
use
demographic
records
collected
over
25
years
to
determine
how
survival
reproductive
success
vary
with
size
a
Malagasy
primate.
show
that
female
rates
Verreaux’s
sifakas
(
Propithecus
verreauxi
)
not
affected
by
total
size,
but
they
supressed
the
number
co-resident
females,
whereas
mortality
significantly
higher
larger
groups.
Neither
annual
rainfall
nor
adult
sex
ratio
have
significant
effects
on
birth
death
rates.
Hence,
these
enjoy
greatest
net
at
small,
predicted
intermediate
sizes.
Thus,
independent
proxies
can
independently
as
function
well
other
factors,
leading
deviations
from
optimal
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Sept. 1, 2023
Abstract
Exposure
to
adversity
during
early
life
is
linked
lasting
detrimental
effects
on
evolutionary
fitness
across
many
taxa.
However,
due
the
challenges
of
collecting
longitudinal
data,
especially
in
species
where
one
sex
disperses,
direct
evidence
from
long-lived
remains
relatively
scarce.
Here
we
test
male
and
female
longevity
a
free-ranging
population
rhesus
macaques
(
Macaca
mulatta
)
at
Cayo
Santiago,
Puerto
Rico.
We
leveraged
six
decades
data
quantify
relative
importance
ten
forms
for
6,599
(3,230
male,
3,369
female),
with
smaller
sample
size
(N=299)
form
(maternal
social
isolation)
which
required
high-resolution
behavioral
data.
found
that
individuals
who
experienced
more
died
earlier
than
those
less
adversity.
Mortality
risk
was
highest
life,
defined
as
birth
four
years
old,
suggesting
acute
survival
adversity,
but
heightened
mortality
also
present
survived
adulthood.
Females
males
were
affected
differently
by
some
these
differences
might
be
driven
varying
energetic
demands,
philopatry,
dispersal.
By
leveraging
thousands
collected
over
decades,
our
results
show
consequences
are
not
uniform
vary
function
type
timing,
context,
thus
contribute
limited
growing
understanding
evolution
sensitivities
species.
Significance
Statement
even
when
conditions
subsequently
improve,
can
have
profound
persistent
human
health.
Negative
appear
widespread
animal
kingdom.
To
date,
however,
scarce
difficulties
till
death.
leverage
observations
examine
complex
ways
impacts
survival.
Our
suggest
history
factors
intersect
impact
immediate
downstream
studying
environments,
cultures,
contexts,
species,
better
understand
underpinnings
sensitivities.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 28, 2024
Abstract
Adult
male
mammals
can
provide
infants
with
protection
and
enhance
their
access
to
resources.
They
also
pose
a
risk
infants,
either
directly
through
infanticide
or
other
aggression,
indirectly
by
placing
at
increased
of
conspecific
heterospecific
conflict.
Both
benefits
costs
may
be
especially
important
for
offspring
born
mothers
in
poor
condition.
Here
we
present
the
most
detailed
analysis
date
influence
adult
non-human
primate
males
on
wide
range
infant
behaviors,
description
predictors
individual
infants’
proximity
males.
We
show
that
number
near
an
predicts
many
behavioral
traits,
including
aspects
mother-infant
relationship,
activity
budgets,
frequency
social
interactions
non-mothers.
Infant
exposure
is
statistically
significantly
repeatable
over
time
(R
=
0.16).
This
repeatability
partially
explained
whether
infant’s
mother
experienced
early
life
adversity:
high-adversity
spent
close
more
during
first
months
life.
Our
results
are
consistent
possibility
effects
maternal
adversity
mitigated
magnified
relationships
Abstract
In
evolutionary
ecology,
two
classes
of
explanations
are
frequently
invoked
to
explain
“early
life
effects”
on
adult
outcomes.
Developmental
constraints
(DC)
contend
that
costs
early
adversity
arise
from
limitations
places
optimal
development.
Adaptive
response
(AR)
hypotheses
propose
later
outcomes
will
be
worse
when
and
environments
poorly
“matched.”
Here,
we
use
recently
proposed
mathematical
definitions
for
these
a
quadratic-regression
based
approach
test
the
long-term
consequences
variation
in
developmental
fertility
wild
baboons.
We
evaluate
whether
low
rainfall
and/or
dominance
rank
during
development
predict
three
female
measures
adulthood,
any
observed
relationships
consistent
with
DC
AR.
Neither
nor
difference
between
adulthood
predicted
measures.
Females
who
were
low-ranking
had
an
elevated
risk
losing
infants
life,
greater
change
infant
loss.
However,
both
effects
statistically
marginal
alternative
explanations,
including
environmental
quality
effects.
Consequently,
our
data
do
not
provide
compelling
support
either
common
evolution
Communications Biology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
7(1)
Published: July 5, 2024
Abstract
The
costs
and
benefits
of
group
living
are
also
reflected
in
intraspecific
variation
size.
Yet,
little
is
known
about
general
patterns
fitness
consequences
this
variation.
We
use
demographic
records
collected
over
25
years
to
determine
how
survival
reproductive
success
vary
with
size
a
Malagasy
primate.
show
that
female
rates
Verreaux’s
sifakas
(
Propithecus
verreauxi
)
not
affected
by
total
size,
but
they
supressed
the
number
co-resident
females,
whereas
mortality
significantly
higher
larger
groups.
Neither
annual
rainfall
nor
adult
sex
ratio
have
significant
effects
on
birth
death
rates.
Hence,
these
enjoy
greatest
net
at
small,
predicted
intermediate
sizes.
Thus,
independent
proxies
can
independently
as
function
well
other
factors,
leading
deviations
from
optimal
