Trauma exposure, contextual stressors, and PTSD symptoms: patterns in racially and ethnically diverse, low-income postpartum women

Psychological Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 12

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic disparities persist in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which are partly attributed to minoritized women being trauma-exposed, while also contending with harmful contextual stressors. However, few have used analytic strategies that capture the interplay of these experiences their relation PTSD. The current study a person-centered statistical approach examine heterogeneity trauma exposure, associations PTSD underlying symptom dimensions, diverse sample low-income postpartum women. Using community-based Black, Hispanic/Latina, White recruited from five U.S. regions (n = 1577), latent class analysis generated profiles past-year exposure traumatic events at one month postpartum. Regression analyses then examined between membership severity six months as function race/ethnicity. A four-class solution best fit data, yielding High Contextual Stress, Injury/Illness, Violence Exposure, Low Trauma/Contextual Stress classes. Compared class, any other classes was associated greater across nearly all dimensions (all ps < 0.05). Additionally, constellations exposures were differentially linked total severity, reexperiencing, numbing symptoms racial/ethnic groups (ps can diverse, Moreover, racially/ethnically patterned links or stressful implications for screening intervention perinatal period.

Language: Английский

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Racial and ethnic socioenvironmental inequity and neuroimaging in psychiatry: a brief review of the past and recommendations for the future

Neuropsychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 50(1), P. 3 - 15

Published: June 20, 2024

Language: Английский

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Neural Pathways to Equity: Policy Strategies to Reduce Chronic Unsafety for Black Americans

Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Black Americans often face chronic exposure to racism, which can undermine psychological safety and alter neural function in regions implicated processing emotions regulating the body, potentially contributing severe health inequities. This review explores mechanisms through systemic racism may perpetuate stress, influencing physiological dysregulation exacerbating Addressing these deep-rooted issues necessitates dismantling barriers embedding safety-promoting cues environments historically shaped by anti-Black racism—particularly within healthcare economic sectors. Recommended policies include (1) expanding access quality healthcare, (2) enhancing cultural representation foster safety, (3) implementing socioeconomic initiatives aimed at building generational wealth alleviating stress. paper presents a range of policy recommendations, spanning from immediate local actions long-term federal goals, all designed comprehensively address challenges comprehensively. Recognizing varying degrees feasibility support, recommendations are crafted offer both practical solutions innovative, evidence-based strategies significantly advance equity.

Language: Английский

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The impact of trauma and how to intervene: a narrative review of psychotraumatology over the past 15 years

European journal of psychotraumatology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

To mark 15 years of the European Journal Psychotraumatology, editors reviewed past 15-year research on trauma exposure and its consequences, as well developments in (early) psychological, pharmacological complementary interventions. In all sections this paper, we provide perspectives sex/gender aspects, life course trends, cross-cultural/global systemic societal contexts. Globally, majority people experience stressful events that may be characterized traumatic. However, definitions what is traumatic are not necessarily straightforward or universal. Traumatic have a wide range transdiagnostic mental physical health limited to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Research genetic, molecular, neurobiological influences show promise for further understanding underlying risk resilience trauma-related consequences. Symptom presentation, prevalence, course, response experiences, differ depending individuals' age developmental phase, sex/gender, sociocultural environmental contexts, socio-political forces. Early interventions potential prevent acute reactions from escalating PTSD diagnosis whether delivered golden hours weeks after trauma. prevention still scarce compared treatment where several evidence-based complementary/ integrative exist, novel forms delivery become available. Here, focus how best address negative outcomes following trauma, serve individuals across spectrum, including very young old, include considerations ethnicity, culture diverse beyond Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic (WEIRD) countries. We conclude with providing directions future aimed at improving well-being impacted by around world. The EJPT webinar provides 90-minute summary paper can downloaded here [http://bit.ly/4jdtx6k].

Language: Английский

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Racial Discrimination and Anxiety in African American Youth: Risk, Resilience, and Intervention

Journal of Mood and Anxiety Disorders, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100115 - 100115

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Early-life stress sensitizes response to future stress: Evidence and mechanisms

Neurobiology of Stress, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 35, P. 100716 - 100716

Published: March 1, 2025

Early-life stress sensitizes individuals to additional stressors and increases lifetime risk for mood anxiety disorders. Research in both human populations rodent models of early-life have sought determine how different types contribute vulnerability, whether there are developmental sensitive periods such effects. Although differences the type timing paradigms led specific behavioral outcomes, this complexity is present among humans as well. Robust research now shows sensitivity future at behavioral, neural circuit, molecular levels. These recent discoveries laying foundation translation more effective interventions relevant those who experienced childhood trauma.

Language: Английский

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Social and environmental adversity predict poor mental health in a Milwaukee, WI community sample

Social Science & Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 118015 - 118015

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Investigating the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis as a predictor of posttraumatic stress disorder in Black Americans and the moderating effects of racial discrimination

Translational Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Aug. 21, 2024

Altered functioning of the bed nucleus stria terminalis (BNST) may play a critical role in etiology posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Chronic stressors such as racial discrimination and lifetime trauma are associated with an increased risk for PTSD, but it is unknown whether they influence relationship between BNST PTSD. We investigated acute post-trauma resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) predictor future PTSD symptoms Black survivors. also examined moderated rsFC symptoms. adults (N = 95; 54.7% female; mean age 34.04) were recruited from emergency department after experiencing traumatic injury (72.6% motor vehicle accidents). Two-weeks post-injury, participants underwent fMRI scan completed questionnaires evaluating their well exposure to trauma. Six-months reassessed. Whole brain seed-to-voxel analyses conducted examine patterns. Greater posterior cingulate cortex, precuneus, left angular gyrus, hippocampus prospectively predicted six-month adjusting sex, age, education, baseline Acute was stronger individuals who experienced more Thus, aftermath event, could be key biomarker Americans, particularly greater history or previous exposure.

Language: Английский

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Early-life stress alters postnatal chromatin development in the nucleus accumbens

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 13, 2024

ABSTRACT Early-life stress sensitizes individuals to subsequent stressors increase lifetime risk for psychiatric disorders. Within the nucleus accumbens (NAc) — a key limbic brain region early-life both cellular and transcriptional response later stress. However, molecular mechanisms linking initial activation of neurons by with continued sensitivity across lifespan are poorly understood. Using combination activity-dependent tagging ATAC-sequencing postnatal development, we find that initially opens chromatin in stress-activated cells opening predicts gene expression adult stress, suggesting epigenetic priming as mechanism sensitization. Moreover, accelerates development within these activated cells, H3K4me1 deposition broadly NAc post-translational histone modification associated open priming. By adulthood, observe remodeling throughout NAc, indicating effects long-lasting propagate into broader cell population. Lastly, through viral-mediated epigenome editing behavioral quantification, during early is sufficient mimic prime hypersensitivity Together, our results show memory encoded at an level changes architecture. This constitutes novel biological which programs lifelong sensitivity.

Language: Английский

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Population-level normative models reveal race- and socioeconomic-related variability in cortical thickness of threat neurocircuitry

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: June 19, 2024

The inequitable distribution of economic resources and exposure to adversity between racial groups contributes mental health disparities within the United States. Consideration potential neurodevelopmental consequences, however, has been limited particularly for neurocircuitry known regulate emotional response threat. Characterizing consequences inequity on threat is critical robust generalizable neurobiological models psychiatric illness. Here we use data from Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study 4.0 release investigate contributions individual neighborhood-level discrimination. We appearance race-related differences using both standard methods through population-level normative modeling. show that, in a sample white Black adolescents, inequities socioeconomic factors largely contribute cortical thickness neurocircuitry. are preserved such also preserve associations specific factors. present findings highlight that underlie brain morphology. provide important new insight generation

Language: Английский

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