bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 18, 2024
Abstract
A
pervasive
dilemma
in
neuroimaging
is
whether
to
prioritize
sample
size
or
scan
time
given
fixed
resources.
Here,
we
systematically
investigate
this
trade-off
the
context
of
brain-wide
association
studies
(BWAS)
using
functional
magnetic
resonance
imaging
(fMRI).
We
find
that
total
duration
(sample
×
per
participant)
robustly
explains
individual-level
phenotypic
prediction
accuracy
via
a
logarithmic
model,
suggesting
and
are
broadly
interchangeable
up
20-30
min
data.
However,
returns
diminish
relative
size,
which
explain
with
principled
theoretical
derivations.
When
accounting
for
overhead
costs
associated
each
participant
(e.g.,
recruitment,
non-imaging
measures),
many
small-scale
some
large-scale
BWAS
might
benefit
from
longer
than
typically
assumed.
These
results
generalize
across
domains,
scanners,
acquisition
protocols,
racial
groups,
mental
disorders,
age
as
well
resting-state
task-state
connectivity.
Overall,
our
study
emphasizes
importance
time,
ignored
standard
power
calculations.
Standard
calculations
maximize
at
expense
can
result
sub-optimal
accuracies
inefficient
use
Our
empirically
informed
reference
available
future
design:
WEB_APPLICATION_LINK
JAMA Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
78(1), P. 64 - 64
Published: Sept. 23, 2020
In
light
of
increasing
cannabis
use
among
pregnant
women,
the
US
Surgeon
General
recently
issued
an
advisory
against
marijuana
during
pregnancy.To
evaluate
whether
pregnancy
is
associated
with
adverse
outcomes
offspring.In
this
cross-sectional
study,
data
were
obtained
from
baseline
session
ongoing
longitudinal
Adolescent
Brain
and
Cognitive
Development
Study,
which
recruited
11
875
children
aged
9
to
years,
as
well
a
parent
or
caregiver,
22
sites
across
United
States
between
June
1,
2016,
October
15,
2018.Prenatal
exposure
prior
after
maternal
knowledge
pregnancy.Symptoms
psychopathology
in
(ie,
psychotic-like
experiences
[PLEs]
internalizing,
externalizing,
attention,
thought,
social
problems),
cognition,
sleep,
birth
weight,
gestational
age
at
birth,
body
mass
index,
brain
structure
total
intracranial
volume,
white
matter
gray
volume).
Covariates
included
familial
(eg,
income
psychopathology),
prenatal
alcohol
tobacco),
child
substance
use)
variables.Among
489
(5997
boys
[52.2%];
mean
[SD]
age,
9.9
[0.6]
years)
nonmissing
data,
655
(5.7%)
exposed
prenatally.
Relative
no
exposure,
only
before
(413
[3.6%])
(242
[2.1%])
greater
offspring
characteristics
PLEs
thought
and,
sleep
problems,
lower
cognition
volume
(all
|β|
>
0.02;
all
false
discovery
rate
[FDR]-corrected
P
<
.03).
Only
was
weight
volumes
relative
FDR-corrected
.04).
When
including
potentially
confounding
covariates,
remained
problems
β
.02).
Exposure
did
not
differ
on
any
when
considering
variables
.70).This
study
suggests
that
its
correlated
factors
are
risk
for
middle
childhood.
Cannabis
should
be
discouraged.
NeuroImage,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
244, P. 118543 - 118543
Published: Sept. 8, 2021
The
Human
Connectome
Project
(HCP)
was
launched
in
2010
as
an
ambitious
effort
to
accelerate
advances
human
neuroimaging,
particularly
for
measures
of
brain
connectivity;
apply
these
study
a
large
number
healthy
young
adults;
and
freely
share
the
data
tools
with
scientific
community.
NIH
awarded
grants
two
consortia;
this
retrospective
focuses
on
"WU-Minn-Ox"
HCP
consortium
centered
at
Washington
University,
University
Minnesota,
Oxford.
In
just
over
6
years,
WU-Minn-Ox
succeeded
its
core
objectives
by:
1)
improving
MR
scanner
hardware,
pulse
sequence
design,
image
reconstruction
methods,
2)
acquiring
analyzing
multimodal
MRI
MEG
unprecedented
quality
together
behavioral
from
more
than
1100
participants,
3)
sharing
(via
ConnectomeDB
database)
associated
analysis
visualization
tools.
To
date,
27
Petabytes
have
been
shared,
1538
papers
acknowledging
use
published.
"HCP-style"
neuroimaging
paradigm
has
emerged
set
best-practice
strategies
optimizing
acquisition
analysis.
This
article
reviews
history
HCP,
including
comments
key
events
decisions
major
project
components.
We
discuss
several
using
data,
improved
cortical
parcellations,
analyses
connectivity
based
functional
diffusion
MRI,
brain-behavior
relationships.
also
touch
upon
our
efforts
develop
variety
processing
along
detailed
documentation,
tutorials,
educational
course
train
next
generation
neuroimagers.
conclude
look
forward
opportunities
challenges
facing
field
perspective
consortium.
NeuroImage,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
239, P. 118262 - 118262
Published: June 17, 2021
The
Adolescent
Brain
Cognitive
Development
(ABCD)
Study
is
the
largest
single-cohort
prospective
longitudinal
study
of
neurodevelopment
and
children's
health
in
United
States.
A
cohort
n
=
11,880
children
aged
9–10
years
(and
their
parents/guardians)
were
recruited
across
22
sites
are
being
followed
with
in-person
visits
on
an
annual
basis
for
at
least
10
years.
approximates
US
population
several
key
sociodemographic
variables,
including
sex,
race,
ethnicity,
household
income,
parental
education.
Data
collected
include
assessments
health,
mental
substance
use,
culture
environment
neurocognition,
as
well
geocoded
exposures,
structural
functional
magnetic
resonance
imaging
(MRI),
whole-genome
genotyping.
Here,
we
describe
ABCD
aims
design,
issues
surrounding
estimation
meaningful
associations
using
its
data,
inferences,
hypothesis
testing,
power
precision,
control
covariates,
interpretation
associations,
recommended
best
practices
reproducible
research,
analytical
procedures
reporting
results.
JAMA Network Open,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
3(11), P. e2023774 - e2023774
Published: Nov. 3, 2020
Importance
The
association
between
poverty
and
unfavorable
cognitive
outcomes
is
robust,
but
most
research
has
focused
on
individual
household
socioeconomic
status
(SES).
There
increasing
evidence
that
neighborhood
context
explains
unique
variance
not
accounted
for
by
SES.
Objective
To
evaluate
whether
(NP)
associated
with
function
prefrontal
hippocampal
brain
structure
in
ways
are
dissociable
from
Design,
Setting,
Participants
This
cross-sectional
study
used
a
baseline
sample
of
the
ongoing
longitudinal
Adolescent
Brain
Cognitive
Development
(ABCD)
Study.
ABCD
Study
will
follow
participants
assessments
each
year
10
years.
Data
were
collected
at
21
US
sites,
mostly
within
urban
suburban
areas,
September
2019
October
2018.
School-based
recruitment
was
to
create
participant
reflecting
population.
analysis
conducted
March
June
2019.
Main
Outcomes
Measures
NP
SES
included
as
factors
potentially
National
Institutes
Health
Toolbox
Battery
subtests
(dorsolateral
cortex
[DLPFC],
dorsomedial
PFC
[DMPFC],
superior
frontal
gyrus
[SFG])
volumes.
Independent
variables
first
considered
individually
then
together
mixed-effects
models
age,
sex,
intracranial
volume
covariates.
Structural
equation
modeling
(SEM)
assess
shared
task
associations.
tested
hypotheses
formulated
after
data
collection.
Results
A
total
11
875
children
aged
9
years
(5678
[47.8%]
girls)
analyzed.
Greater
lower
scores
across
all
domains
(eg,
composite:
β
=
−0.18;
95%
CI,
−0.21
−0.15;P
<
.001)
decreased
DLPFC
right
DLPFC:
−0.09;
−0.12
−0.07;P
.001),
DMPFC
DMPC:
−0.07;
−0.09
−0.05;P
SFG
SFG:
−0.05;
−0.08
−0.03;P
hippocampus
(β
−0.04;
−0.06
−0.01;P
.01),
even
when
accounting
income.
income
higher
0.30;
0.28
0.33;P
larger
regions
hippocampus:
0.04;
0.02
0.07;P
NP.
SEM
model
good
fit
domains,
being
relations
language
(picture
vocabulary:
estimate
[SE],
–0.03
[0.01];P
.001;
oral
reading:
–0.02
episodic
memory
sequence:
.008),
working
(dimensional
card
sort:
flanker
inhibitory
control:
–0.01
.01;
list
sorting:
associations
[0.004];P
0.001).
Conclusions
Relevance
In
this
study,
volume.
These
findings
demonstrate
importance
including
broader
environmental
influences
conceptualizing
early
life
adversity.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13(1)
Published: April 25, 2022
Abstract
How
individual
differences
in
brain
network
organization
track
behavioral
variability
is
a
fundamental
question
systems
neuroscience.
Recent
work
suggests
that
resting-state
and
task-state
functional
connectivity
can
predict
specific
traits
at
the
level.
However,
most
studies
focus
on
single
traits,
thus
not
capturing
broader
relationships
across
behaviors.
In
large
sample
of
1858
typically
developing
children
from
Adolescent
Brain
Cognitive
Development
(ABCD)
study,
we
show
predictive
features
are
distinct
domains
cognitive
performance,
personality
scores
mental
health
assessments.
On
other
hand,
within
each
domain
predicted
by
similar
features.
Predictive
models
generalize
to
measures
same
domain.
Although
tasks
known
modulate
connectome,
between
resting
task
states.
Overall,
our
findings
reveal
shared
account
for
variation
broad
behavior
childhood.
Science Advances,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
8(11)
Published: March 16, 2022
Algorithmic
biases
that
favor
majority
populations
pose
a
key
challenge
to
the
application
of
machine
learning
for
precision
medicine.
Here,
we
assessed
such
bias
in
prediction
models
behavioral
phenotypes
from
brain
functional
magnetic
resonance
imaging.
We
examined
using
two
independent
datasets
(preadolescent
versus
adult)
mixed
ethnic/racial
composition.
When
predictive
were
trained
on
data
dominated
by
white
Americans
(WA),
out-of-sample
errors
generally
higher
African
(AA)
than
WA.
This
toward
WA
corresponds
more
WA-like
brain-behavior
association
patterns
learned
models.
AA
only,
compared
training
only
or
an
equal
number
and
participants,
accuracy
improved
but
stayed
below
Overall,
results
point
need
caution
further
research
regarding
current
minority
populations.
Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
55, P. 101115 - 101115
Published: May 20, 2022
As
the
largest
longitudinal
study
of
adolescent
brain
development
and
behavior
to
date,
Adolescent
Brain
Cognitive
Development
(ABCD)
Study®
has
provided
immense
opportunities
for
researchers
across
disciplines
since
its
first
data
release
in
2018.
The
size
scope
also
present
a
number
hurdles,
which
range
from
becoming
familiar
with
design
structure
employing
rigorous
reproducible
analyses.
current
paper
is
intended
as
guide
reviewers
working
ABCD
data,
highlighting
features
(and
strengths
limitations
therein)
well
relevant
analytical
methodological
considerations.
Additionally,
we
explore
justice,
equity,
diversity,
inclusion
efforts
they
pertain
Study
other
large-scale
datasets.
In
doing
so,
hope
increase
both
accessibility
transparency
within
field
developmental
cognitive
neuroscience.