Scale matters: The nested human connectome

Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 378(6619), P. 500 - 504

Published: Nov. 3, 2022

A comprehensive description of how neurons and entire brain regions are interconnected is fundamental for a mechanistic understanding function dysfunction. Neuroimaging has shaped the way to approaching human brain's connectivity on basis diffusion magnetic resonance imaging tractography. At same time, polarization, fluorescence, electron microscopy became available, which pushed spatial resolution sensitivity axonal or even synaptic level. New methods mandatory inform constrain whole-brain tractography by regional, high-resolution data local fiber geometry. Machine learning simulation can provide predictions where experimental missing. Future interoperable atlases require new concepts, including templates directionality, represent variants solutions estimates their accuracy.

Language: Английский

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Genetic architecture of the structural connectome

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 4, 2024

Abstract Myelinated axons form long-range connections that enable rapid communication between distant brain regions, but how genetics governs the strength and organization of these remains unclear. We perform genome-wide association studies 206 structural connectivity measures derived from diffusion magnetic resonance imaging tractography 26,333 UK Biobank participants, each representing density myelinated within or a pair cortical networks, subcortical structures hemispheres. identify 30 independent significant variants after Bonferroni correction for number studied (126 at nominal significance) implicating genes involved in myelination ( SEMA3A ), neurite elongation guidance NUAK1 , STRN DPYSL2 EPHA3 HGF SHTN1 neural cell proliferation differentiation GMNC CELF4 neuronal migration CCDC88C cytoskeletal CTTNBP2 MAPT DAAM1 MYO16 PLEC metal transport SLC39A8 ). These have four broad patterns spatial with connectivity: some disproportionately strong associations corticothalamic connectivity, interhemispheric both, while others are more spatially diffuse. Structural highly polygenic, median 9.1 percent common estimated to non-zero effects on measure, exhibited signatures negative selection. genetic correlations variety neuropsychiatric cognitive traits, indicating connectivity-altering tend influence health function. Heritability is enriched regions increased chromatin accessibility adult oligodendrocytes (as well as microglia, inhibitory neurons astrocytes) multiple fetal types, suggesting control partially mediated by early development. Our results indicate pervasive, pleiotropic, structured white-matter via diverse neurodevelopmental pathways, support relevance this healthy

Language: Английский

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White Matter Tract Crossing and Bottleneck Regions in the Fetal Brain

Human Brain Mapping, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 46(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT There is a growing interest in using diffusion MRI to study the white matter tracts and structural connectivity of fetal brain. Recent progress data acquisition processing suggests that this imaging modality has unique role elucidating normal abnormal patterns neurodevelopment utero. However, there have been no efforts quantify prevalence crossing bottleneck regions, important issues investigated for adult brains. In work, we determined brain regions with bottlenecks between 23 36 gestational weeks. We performed probabilistic tractography on 62 scans extracted set 51 distinct tracts, which grouped into 10 major tract bundle groups. analyzed results determine crossings bottlenecks. Our showed 20%–25% voxels included two or three tracts. Bottlenecks were more prevalent. Between 75% 80% characterized as bottlenecks, than 40% involving four These highlight relevance these key developmental processes, specifically, dispersion projection fibers, protracted growth commissural pathways, emergence association contribute formation complex intersection regions. interactions lead high fibers areas, reflecting intricate organization required establishing functional connectivity. Additionally, our challenge assessment call innovative image analysis methods mitigate problems.

Language: Английский

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The subcortical and neurochemical organization of the ventral and dorsal attention networks

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: Dec. 7, 2022

Attention is a core cognitive function that filters and selects behaviourally relevant information in the environment. The cortical mapping of attentional systems identified two segregated networks mediate stimulus-driven goal-driven processes, Ventral Dorsal Networks (VAN, DAN). Deep brain electrophysiological recordings, behavioral data from phylogenetic distant species, observations human pathologies challenge purely corticocentric models. Here, we used advanced methods functional alignment applied to resting-state connectivity analyses map subcortical architecture Networks. Our investigations revealed involvement pulvinar, superior colliculi, head caudate nuclei, cluster brainstem nuclei both networks. These are densely connected structural network hubs, as by diffusion-weighted imaging tractography. Their projections establish interrelations with acetylcholine nicotinic receptor well dopamine serotonin transporters, demonstrated spatial correlation analysis normative atlas neurotransmitter systems. This convergence functional, structural, neurochemical evidence provides comprehensive framework understand neural basis attention across different species diseases.

Language: Английский

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Network communication models narrow the gap between the modular organization of structural and functional brain networks

NeuroImage, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 257, P. 119323 - 119323

Published: May 20, 2022

Structural and functional brain networks are modular. Canonical systems, such as the default mode network, well-known modules of human have been implicated in a large number cognitive, behavioral clinical processes. However, delineated structural inferred from tractography generally do not recapitulate canonical systems. Neuroimaging evidence suggests that connectivity between regions same systems is always underpinned by anatomical connections. As such, direct alone would be insufficient to characterize modular organization brain. Here, we demonstrate augmenting with models indirect (polysynaptic) communication unveils network architecture more closely resembles brain's established We find diffusion polysynaptic connectivity, particularly communicability, narrow gap 20-60%, whereas routing based on single efficient paths improve mesoscopic structure-function correspondence. This emerge constraints imposed local structure facilitates diffusive neural communication. Our work establishes importance modeling understand basis

Language: Английский

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Communication dynamics in the human connectome shape the cortex-wide propagation of direct electrical stimulation

Neuron, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 111(9), P. 1391 - 1401.e5

Published: March 7, 2023

Language: Английский

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Superficial white matter analysis: An efficient point-cloud-based deep learning framework with supervised contrastive learning for consistent tractography parcellation across populations and dMRI acquisitions

Medical Image Analysis, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 85, P. 102759 - 102759

Published: Jan. 23, 2023

Language: Английский

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Structural connectome architecture shapes the maturation of cortical morphology from childhood to adolescence

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 26, 2024

Abstract Cortical thinning is an important hallmark of the maturation brain morphology during childhood and adolescence. However, connectome-based wiring mechanism that underlies cortical remains unclear. Here, we show patterns primarily located in lateral frontal parietal heteromodal nodes adolescence, which are structurally constrained by white matter network architecture particularly represented using a network-based diffusion model. Furthermore, constraints regionally heterogeneous, with largest residing frontoparietal nodes, associated gene expression signatures microstructural neurodevelopmental events. These results highly reproducible another independent dataset. findings advance our understanding network-level mechanisms genetic basis maturational process

Language: Английский

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Harmonized diffusion MRI data and white matter measures from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study

Scientific Data, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Feb. 27, 2024

The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study® has collected data from over 10,000 children across 21 sites, providing insights into adolescent brain development. However, site-specific scanner variability made it challenging to use diffusion MRI (dMRI) this study. To address this, a dataset of harmonized and processed ABCD dMRI (from release 3) been created, comprising quality-controlled imaging 9,345 subjects, focusing exclusively on the baseline session, i.e., first time point This resource required substantial computational (approx. 50,000 CPU hours) for harmonization, whole-brain tractography, white matter parcellation. includes data, 800 clusters, 73 anatomically labeled tracts in full low resolution, 804 different dMRI-derived measures per subject (72.3 TB total size). Accessible via NIMH Data Archive, offers large-scale studying structural connectivity child neurodevelopment. Additionally, several post-harmonization experiments were conducted demonstrate success harmonization process dataset.

Language: Английский

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The emergence of multiscale connectomics-based approaches in stroke recovery

Trends in Neurosciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 47(4), P. 303 - 318

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

Stroke is a leading cause of adult disability. Understanding stroke damage and recovery requires deciphering changes in complex brain networks across different spatiotemporal scales. While recent developments readout technologies progress network modeling have revolutionized current understanding the effects on at macroscale, reorganization smaller scale remains incompletely understood. In this review, we use conceptual framework graph theory to define from nano- macroscales. Highlighting stroke-related connectivity studies multiple scales, argue that multiscale connectomics-based approaches may provide new routes better evaluate structural functional remapping after during recovery.

Language: Английский

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