Test–retest reliability and predictive utility of a macroscale principal functional connectivity gradient

Human Brain Mapping, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 44(18), P. 6399 - 6417

Published: Oct. 18, 2023

Abstract Mapping individual differences in brain function has been hampered by poor reliability as well limited interpretability. Leveraging patterns of brain‐wide functional connectivity (FC) offers some promise this endeavor. In particular, a macroscale principal FC gradient that recapitulates hierarchical organization spanning molecular, cellular, and circuit level features along sensory‐to‐association cortical axis emerged both parsimonious interpretable measure behavior. However, the measurement reliabilities have not fully evaluated. Here, we assess global regional measures using test–retest data from young adult Human Connectome Project (HCP‐YA) Dunedin Study. Analyses revealed were (1) consistently higher than those for traditional edge‐wise measures, (2) derived general (GFC) comparison with resting‐state FC, (3) longer scan lengths. We additionally examined relative utility these predicting cognition aging datasets HCP‐aging dataset. These analyses range significantly associated all three datasets, moderately HCP‐YA Study reflecting contractions expansions hierarchy, respectively. Collectively, results demonstrate gradient, especially GFC, effectively capture reliable feature human subject to biologically meaningful variation, offering advantages over search brain–behavior associations.

Language: Английский

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Neural Geometrodynamics, Complexity, and Plasticity: A Psychedelics Perspective

Entropy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26(1), P. 90 - 90

Published: Jan. 22, 2024

We explore the intersection of neural dynamics and effects psychedelics in light distinct timescales a framework integrating concepts from dynamics, complexity, plasticity. call this geometrodynamics for its parallels with general relativity’s description interplay spacetime matter. The geometry trajectories within dynamical landscape “fast time” are shaped by structure differential equation connectivity parameters, which themselves evolve over “slow driven state-dependent state-independent plasticity mechanisms. Finally, adjustment processes (metaplasticity) takes place an “ultraslow” time scale. Psychedelics flatten landscape, leading to heightened entropy complexity as observed neuroimaging modeling studies linking increases disruption functional integration. highlight relationship between criticality, fast synaptic Pathological, rigid, or “canalized” result ultrastable confined repertoire, allowing slower plastic changes consolidate them further. However, under influence psychedelics, destabilizing emergence complex leads more fluid adaptable state process that is amplified plasticity-enhancing psychedelics. This shift manifests acute systemic increase disorder possibly longer-lasting affecting both short-term long-term processes. Our offers holistic perspective on these substances their potential impacts function.

Language: Английский

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Exploring the embodied mind: functional connectome fingerprinting of meditation expertise

Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(6), P. 100372 - 100372

Published: Aug. 9, 2024

Short mindfulness-based interventions have gained traction in research due to their positive impact on well-being, cognition, and clinical symptoms across various settings. However, these short-term trainings are viewed as preliminary steps within a more extensive transformative path, presumably leading long-lasting trait changes. Despite this, little is still known about the brain correlates of meditation traits.

Language: Английский

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A unified model of ketamine’s dissociative and psychedelic properties

Journal of Psychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 37(1), P. 14 - 32

Published: Dec. 17, 2022

Ketamine is an N-methyl-d-aspartate antagonist which increasingly being researched and used as a treatment for depression. In low doses, it can cause transitory modification in consciousness was classically labelled ‘dissociation’. However, ketamine also commonly classified atypical psychedelic has been recently reported that ego dissolution experiences during administration are associated with greater antidepressant response. Neuroimaging studies have highlighted several similarities between the effects of those serotonergic psychedelics brain; however, no unified account proposed ketamine’s multi-level – from molecular to network psychological levels. Here, we propose fast, albeit transient, observed after infusions mainly driven by its acute modulation reward circuits sub-acute increase neuroplasticity, while dissociative properties dose- context-dependent disruption large-scale functional networks. Computationally, nodes salience (SN) represent high-level priors about body (‘minimal’ self) default-mode (DMN) highest-level narrative self-experience (‘biographical’ self), SN desegregation disintegration accounts ‘ dissociative’ state, DMN psychedelic’ state. psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy, relaxation beliefs psychotherapeutic support may allow revision pathological self-representation models, neuroplasticity plays permissive role. Our provides rationale using long-term benefits.

Language: Английский

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Acute psilocybin increased cortical activities in rats

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: May 23, 2023

Psilocybin, a naturally occurring hallucinogenic component of magic mushrooms, has significant psychoactive effects in both humans and rodents. But the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Blood-oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is useful tool many preclinical clinical trials to investigate psilocybin-induced changes brain activity connectivity (FC) due its noninvasive nature widespread availability. However, fMRI psilocybin on rats have been carefully investigated. This study aimed explore how affects resting-state FC, through combination BOLD immunofluorescence (IF) EGR1, an immediate early gene (IEG) closely related depressive symptoms. Ten minutes after hydrochloride injection (2.0 mg/kg, i.p.), positive activities were observed frontal, temporal, parietal cortex (including cingulate retrosplenial cortex), hippocampus, striatum. And region-of-interest (ROI) -wise FC analysis matrix suggested increased interconnectivity several regions, such as cortex, dorsal striatum, prelimbic, limbic regions. Further seed-based analyses revealed within cortical striatal areas. Consistently, acute EGR1 level throughout brain, indicating consistent activation thought In conclusion, hyperactive state congruent that humans, may be responsible for pharmacological effects.

Language: Английский

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