Research
investigating
the
neural
processes
related
to
music
perception
and
production
constitutes
a
well-established
field
within
cognitive
neurosciences.
While
most
neuroimaging
tools
have
limitations
in
studying
complexity
of
musical
experiences,
Functional
Near-Infrared
Spectroscopy
(fNIRS)
represents
promising,
relatively
new
tool
for
both
laboratory
ecological
settings,
which
is
also
suitable
typical
pathological
populations
across
development.
Here
we
systematically
review
fNIRS
studies
on
cognition,
highlighting
prospects
potentialities.
We
include
an
overview
fNIRS’
basic
theory,
together
with
brief
comparison
characteristics
other
tools.
Fifty-nine
meeting
inclusion
criteria
(i.e.,
using
as
primary
stimulus)
are
presented
five
thematic
sections.
Critical
discussion
methodology
leads
propose
guidelines
good
practices
aiming
robust
signal
analyses
reproducibility.
A
continuously
updated
world
map
elemental
information
from
aims
establish
organized,
accessible,
updatable
reference
database,
facilitating
future
collaborations
community.
In
conclusion,
shows
potential
music,
particular
contexts
special
populations,
aligning
current
research
priorities
cognition.
medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Oct. 23, 2023
ABSTRACT
Electroencephalography
(EEG)
and
magnetoencephalography
(MEG)
non-invasively
measure
human
brain
electrophysiology.
They
differ
in
nature;
MEG
offers
better
performance
(higher
spatial
precision)
whilst
EEG
(a
wearable
platform)
is
more
practical.
are
also
complementary,
with
studies
showing
that
concurrent
MEG/EEG
provides
advantages
over
either
modality
alone,
consequently
clinical
guidelines
for
epilepsy
recommend
simultaneous
acquisition
of
EEG.
In
recent
years,
new
instrumentation
–
optically
pumped
magnetometers
(OPMs)
has
had
a
significant
impact
on
MEG,
offering
improved
performance,
lifespan
compliance,
sensors.
Nevertheless,
the
ability
to
carry
out
EEG/OPM-MEG
remains
critical.
Here,
we
investigated
whether
simultaneous,
wearable,
whole-head
OPM-MEG
measurably
degrades
signal
quality
modality.
We
employed
two
tasks:
motor
task
known
modulate
beta
oscillations,
an
eyes-open/eyes-closed
alpha
oscillations.
both,
characterised
EEG/OPM-MEG.
Our
results
show
SNR
response
was
very
similar,
regardless
modalities
were
used
individually
or
concurrently.
Likewise,
our
band
recordings
demonstrated
contrast
stable,
recording.
These
combined
suggest
there
no
fundamental
barriers
EEG/OPM-MEG,
this
technique
ripe
neuroscientific
adoption.
This
will
be
particularly
important
sphere
where
direct
comparison
between
facilitate
interpretation
data
patients.
medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Nov. 5, 2022
Abstract
Magneto-
and
Electroencephalography
(MEG/EEG)
are
important
techniques
for
the
diagnosis
pre-surgical
evaluation
of
epilepsy.
Yet,
in
current
cryogen-based
MEG
systems
sensors
offset
from
scalp,
which
limits
signal-to-noise
ratio
(SNR)
thereby
sensitivity
to
activity
deep
structures
such
as
hippocampus.
This
effect
is
amplified
children,
whom
adult-sized
fixed-helmet
typically
too
big.
Moreover,
ictal
recordings
with
problematic
because
limited
movement
tolerance.
Optically
Pumped
Magnetometers
(OPMs)
can
be
placed
directly
on
improving
SNR
consequently
to,
localisation
accuracy
of,
epileptiform
activity.
In
addition,
recording
during
seizures
becomes
feasible
these
wearable
sensors.
We
aimed
demonstrate
advantages
OPMs
a
clinical
population.
Three
adults
known
weak
sources
interictal
discharges
(IEDs),
along
three
children
focal
epilepsy
one
adult
frequent
underwent
using
12-channel
OPM-system
306-channel
whole-head
system.
Performance
two
was
compared
terms
IED-rate
SNR.
patient
detected
IEDs
that
were
not
found
SQUID-system.
spike
yield
higher
OPM
data
(9.00
versus
6.76),
negligible
difference
SQUID
(3.85
3.93;
U
=
-2.86,
d
-0.14).
also
case
comparable
(after
accounting
unilateral
coverage
OPMs;
4.47
4.57;
-3.81,
For
(11.03
24.50)
(4.39
4.05;
9.53,
-0.36)
both
lower
OPMs.
patients
no
either
Importantly,
wearability
enabled
seizure
hyperkinetic
movements
seizure.
The
observed
onset
semiology
agreement
previous
video-
stereo-EEG
recordings.
Overall,
very
much
those
obtained
cryogenic
system:
outperformed
SQUIDs
four
IEDs,
yield,
or
an
ability
detect
observable
data.
SNRs
(slightly)
than
data,
but
sizes
patients.
relatively
cheap
technology,
combination
reduced
running
maintenance
costs,
means
OPM-based
could
used
more
widely
systems,
may
become
affordable
alternative
scalp
EEG,
potential
benefits
increased
spatial
accuracy,
volume
conduction/field
spread,
sources.
Wearable
thus
provides
unprecedented
opportunity
epilepsy,
given
its
patient-friendliness,
we
envisage
it
will
only
presurgical
patients,
after
first
IEEE Sensors Journal,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(2), P. 2125 - 2133
Published: Dec. 6, 2023
Electroencephalography
(EEG)
and
functional
near-infrared
spectroscopy
(fNIRS)
have
emerged
as
continuous
monitoring
techniques
for
neural
cluster
electrical
activity
local
cerebral
hemodynamic
activity,
playing
a
crucial
role
in
both
basic
scientific
research
clinical
applications.
However,
the
progress
of
many
neuroscience
studies
is
hindered
by
limitations
instrument
size,
portability,
synchronous
acquisition,
mobility.
To
overcome
these
limitations,
this
article
proposes
an
integrated
system
comprising
112
fNIRS
channels
16
EEG
channels.
The
characteristic
its
support
measurements
under
mobile
conditions,
scalable
design
sensor
cap
allows
flexible
configuration
sensors
different
experiments.
A
corresponding
upper
computer
software
was
developed
to
monitor
brain
real-time.
Noise
drift
tests
demonstrate
that
we
designed
meets
requirements
physiological
signal
acquisition.
In
visual
evoked
experiments,
changes
potentials
subjects
show
good
consistency
with
experimental
results
reported
literature,
indicating
proposed
EEG–fNIRS
acquisition
can
simultaneously
changes.
Research
investigating
the
neural
processes
related
to
music
perception
and
production
constitutes
a
well-established
field
within
cognitive
neurosciences.
While
most
neuroimaging
tools
have
limitations
in
studying
complexity
of
musical
experiences,
Functional
Near-Infrared
Spectroscopy
(fNIRS)
represents
promising,
relatively
new
tool
for
both
laboratory
ecological
settings,
which
is
also
suitable
typical
pathological
populations
across
development.
Here
we
systematically
review
fNIRS
studies
on
cognition,
highlighting
prospects
potentialities.
We
include
an
overview
fNIRS’
basic
theory,
together
with
brief
comparison
characteristics
other
tools.
Fifty-nine
meeting
inclusion
criteria
(i.e.,
using
as
primary
stimulus)
are
presented
five
thematic
sections.
Critical
discussion
methodology
leads
propose
guidelines
good
practices
aiming
robust
signal
analyses
reproducibility.
A
continuously
updated
world
map
elemental
information
from
aims
establish
organized,
accessible,
updatable
reference
database,
facilitating
future
collaborations
community.
In
conclusion,
shows
potential
music,
particular
contexts
special
populations,
aligning
current
research
priorities
cognition.