Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(9), P. 849 - 851
Published: Sept. 1, 2022
Language: Английский
Psychoactives, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(1), P. 93 - 122
Published: Feb. 26, 2024
The human brain is an extraordinarily complex organ responsible for all aspects of cognition and control. Billions neurons form connections with thousands other neurons, resulting in trillions synapses that create a vast intricate network. This network subjected to continuous remodeling adapts environmental developmental changes. neuroplasticity crucial both healthy states many forms mental illness neurodegeneration. narrative review comprehensively examines N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), naturally occurring hallucinogen psychedelic compound, focusing on its implications promoting via neuritogenesis. We examine DMT’s pharmacology, including interaction serotonergic, sigma-1, trace amine-associated receptors their associated signaling pathways. therapeutic potential DMT animal models clinical trials discussed impacts perception, cognition, emotion, consciousness. uniquely focus current directions centered unveiling the direct mechanisms effects demonstrate transformative well-being, particularly conditions like depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder. discuss connection between neuroplasticity, offering forming new neural connections, improving learning, memory, aiding recovery from injuries, neurorehabilitation neuroregeneration. ultimate efficacy enhance neurogenesis, especially neurodegenerative conditions, also discussed.
Language: Английский
Citations
2
American Journal of Neuroradiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 45(7), P. 833 - 840
Published: Feb. 15, 2024
The neurobiological mechanisms underpinning psychiatric disorders such as treatment-resistant major depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and substance use disorders, remain unknown. Psychedelic compounds, psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide, N,N-dimethyltryptamine, have emerged potential therapies for these because of their hypothesized ability to induce neuroplastic effects alter functional networks in the brain. Yet, treatment response obscure. Quantitative neuroimaging is uniquely positioned provide insight into emerging quantify patient response. This review aims synthesize our current state-of-the-art understanding changes occurring brain following or N,N-dimethyltryptamine administration human participants with fMRI PET. We further aim disseminate psychedelic compounds they relate goal improved diagnostics neuropsychiatric illness.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
European Neuropsychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 85, P. 10 - 20
Published: April 21, 2024
Psychedelics like LSD (Lysergic acid diethylamide) and psilocybin are known to modulate perceptual modalities due the activation of mostly serotonin receptors in specific cortical (e.g., visual cortex) subcortical thalamus) regions brain. In domain, these psychedelic modulations often result peculiar disturbances viewed objects light sometimes even hallucinations non-existent environments, objects, creatures. Although underlying processes poorly understood, research conducted over past twenty years on subjective experience psychedelics details theories that attempt explain alterations a disruption communication between regions. However, rare medical conditions system Charles Bonnet syndrome cause distortions may shed new additional importance retinofugal pathway experiences. Interneurons retina called amacrine cells could be first site modulation aid disrupting hierarchical structure how humans perceive information. This paper presents an understanding communicates modulates information clinical conditions. Therefore, we elucidate theory pathway.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Psychedelic Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2(2), P. 109 - 115
Published: Feb. 28, 2024
Psilocybin is a psychedelic drug with potential therapeutic effects in patients mood and substance use disorders. Little known about its impact on the immune system. Multiplex immunoassay pro-inflammatory cytokine panels (Meso-Scale Discovery, Rockville, MD) were used to examine serum from participants three separate randomized controlled clinical trials (randomized [RCTs]) wherein range of doses psilocybin administered (methods reported previously). Participants represented histories including those no-known health problems/long-term meditation practice (n = 35), depression 25), anxiety, cancer (various types; n 31). Linear mixed models random for each participant fit determine relative levels both immediately before at various time points after administration, adjusted multiple comparisons. Serum extracted during waitlist, where applicable, was not included. Sera 91 included our prior RCTs. In linear pooled data, sera collected ≤1-week postpsilocybin revealed increased interleukin (IL)-8 (β 0.164, 95% confidence interval [0.10 0.23]; p 0.042). At ≥4-week compared baseline, there no changes levels. individual studies, point observed. This preliminary study suggests that transient increase production may be found, although consistently across patient populations. More broadly, peripheral possibly altered by administration. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01988311.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Published: May 28, 2024
Serotonergic psychedelic drugs have shown promising benefits in trials for various neuropsychiatric disorders. While the acute effects of these psychedelics last only a few hours, positive therapeutic can persist long after single administration. produce their by activating serotonin 2A receptors, but they differ other pharmacological aspects. To guide safest and most effective treatment specific disorders, it is crucial to gain better understanding distinct long-term on living brain. Here we demonstrate how three different serotonergic psychedelics; psilocybin, LSD 2C-B, induce patterns rat brain metabolic activity connectivity. The doses administered were chosen reflect humans. We found that, psilocybin induced pattern effects, particularly focusing changes connectivity between cortical regions such as orbitofrontal, medial prefrontal, insula cortex, well with dorsal striatum, thalamus, hippocampus. In contrast, 2C-B showed more similar impacts centered inhibition anterior cingulate cortex. This was accompanied increased amygdala hypothalamus, along heightened dopamine cell-rich ventral tegmental area substantia nigra. Our findings within networks provide new insights into shared drug-selective mechanisms underlying substances These could offer guidance which might be beneficial certain psychiatric diseases.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Published: Oct. 2, 2024
The pulvinar, the largest nucleus in human thalamus, is a complex, highly interconnected structure. Through dense, organized network of cortical and subcortical areas, it provides adequate cooperation between neural systems, which crucial for multiple high-order functions such as perception, visuospatial attention, emotional processing. Such central role made possible by precise internal topographical organization, mirrored anatomical connections well expression neurochemical markers. While being traditionally subdivided into sub-nuclei, each characterized distinct connectional morphological features, recent studies both primate brains have highlighted that this organization only marginally aligns with conventional histological subdivision. Instead, has been delineated context continuous gradients along dorsoventral mediolateral axes. multi-gradient extensively documented models, remains relatively underexplored brain. present work combines high-quality, multi-modal structural functional imaging data recently published whole-brain, large-scale, positron emission tomography (PET) atlas detailing 19 neurotransmitters receptors distributed across By applying diffusion embedding analysis to tractography, connectivity, receptor coexpression data, we identify characterize topographically connections, coactivation, molecular binding patterns. We demonstrate converge on shared representation axes pulvinar. This transitions spanning from lower-level higher-order regions. Moreover, paralleled gradual changes markers associated key neuromodulator including serotoninergic, noradrenergic, dopaminergic, opioid systems. contend our findings mark significant stride towards more comprehensive understanding pulvinar anatomy function, providing nuanced characterization its health disease.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Published: Oct. 2, 2024
The pulvinar, the largest nucleus in human thalamus, is a complex, highly interconnected structure. Through dense, organized network of cortical and subcortical areas, it provides adequate cooperation between neural systems, which crucial for multiple high-order functions such as perception, visuospatial attention, emotional processing. Such central role made possible by precise internal topographical organization, mirrored anatomical connections well expression neurochemical markers. While being traditionally subdivided into sub-nuclei, each characterized distinct connectional morphological features, recent studies both primate brains have highlighted that this organization only marginally aligns with conventional histological subdivision. Instead, has been delineated context continuous gradients along dorsoventral mediolateral axes. multi-gradient extensively documented models, remains relatively underexplored brain. present work combines high-quality, multi-modal structural functional imaging data recently published whole-brain, large-scale, positron emission tomography (PET) atlas detailing 19 neurotransmitters receptors distributed across By applying diffusion embedding analysis to tractography, connectivity, receptor coexpression data, we identify characterize topographically connections, coactivation, molecular binding patterns. We demonstrate converge on shared representation axes pulvinar. This transitions spanning from lower-level higher-order regions. Moreover, paralleled gradual changes markers associated key neuromodulator including serotoninergic, noradrenergic, dopaminergic, opioid systems. contend our findings mark significant stride towards more comprehensive understanding pulvinar anatomy function, providing nuanced characterization its health disease.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Brain Imaging and Behavior, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(1), P. 23 - 31
Published: Oct. 17, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
0
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Dec. 15, 2024
Abstract Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is a classic serotonergic psychedelic that induces profoundly altered conscious state. In conjunction with psychological support, it currently being explored as treatment for generalized anxiety disorder and depression. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) brain region known to be involved in mood regulation disorders; hypofunction the left DLPFC associated This study investigated role of psycho-emotional effects LSD functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) magnetoencephalography (MEG) data healthy human participants during acute experience. fMRI data, we measured correlation between changes resting-state connectivity (RSFC) post-scan subjective ratings positive mood, emotional arousal, ego dissolution. We found significant, correlations dissolution & right DLPFC, thalamus, higher-order visual area, fusiform face area (FFA). Additionally, arousal was significantly increased intraparietal sulcus (IPS), salience network (SN). A confirmational “reverse” analysis, which outputs original RSFC analysis were used input seeds, substantiated aforementioned regions both arousal. Subsequently, on directed MEG source-localized output reverse analyses. Granger causality (GC) revealed information flow two nodes ‘ego network’, thalamus theta band, substantiating hypothesis disruptions thalamic gating underlie experience Overall, this multimodal elucidates LSD-induced states consciousness sheds more light basis
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(9), P. 849 - 851
Published: Sept. 1, 2022
Language: Английский
Citations
2