Cortical determinants of loudness perception and auditory hypersensitivity

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 30, 2024

Parvalbumin-expressing inhibitory neurons (PVNs) stabilize cortical network activity, generate gamma rhythms, and regulate experience-dependent plasticity. Here, we observed that activation or inactivation of PVNs functioned like a volume knob in the mouse auditory cortex (ACtx), turning neural behavioral classification sound level up down over 20dB range. PVN loudness adjustments were "sticky", such single bout 40Hz stimulation sustainably suppressed ACtx responsiveness, potentiated feedforward inhibition, behaviorally desensitized mice to loudness. Sensory sensitivity is cardinal feature autism, aging, peripheral neuropathy, prompting us ask whether can persistently desensitize with hyperactivity, hypofunction, hypersensitivity triggered by cochlear sensorineural damage. We found 16-minute session restored normal perception for one week, showing perceptual deficits irreversible injuries be reversed through targeted circuit interventions.

Language: Английский

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Single neuron responses to perceptual difficulty in the mouse auditory cortex

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(33)

Published: Aug. 14, 2024

Perceptual learning leads to improvement in behavioral performance, yet how the brain supports challenging perceptual demands is unknown. We used two photon imaging mouse primary auditory cortex during behavior a Go-NoGo task designed test difficulty. Using general linear model analysis, we found subset of neurons that increased their responses high demands. Single both Go and NoGo sounds when mice were engaged more difficult discrimination. This responsiveness contributes enhanced cortical network discriminability for learned sounds. Under passive listening conditions, same responded weaker similar sound pairs task, training protocol by itself induced specific suppression Our findings identify neuronal activity modulated demands, which fundamental feature associated with improvement.

Language: Английский

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Learning speed and detection sensitivity controlled by distinct cortico-fugal neurons in visual cortex

eLife, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Dec. 7, 2020

Vertebrates can change their behavior upon detection of visual stimuli according to the outcome actions produce. Such goal-directed involves evolutionary conserved brain structures like striatum and optic tectum, which receive ascending input from periphery. In mammals, however, these also descending cortex (VC), via neurons that give rise cortico-fugal projections. The function in visually guided, remains unclear. Here, we address impact two populations mouse VC learning performance a task. We show ablation striatal projecting reduces speed, whereas superior colliculus does not but sensitivity. This functional dissociation between distinct controlling speed sensitivity suggests an adaptive contribution pathways even simple behavior.

Language: Английский

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A silent two-photon imaging system for studying in vivo auditory neuronal functions

Light Science & Applications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: April 14, 2022

Two-photon laser-scanning microscopy has become an essential tool for imaging neuronal functions in vivo and been applied to different parts of the neural system, including auditory system. However, many components a two-photon microscope, such as galvanometer-based laser scanners, generate mechanical vibrations thus acoustic artifacts, making it difficult interpret responses from recorded neurons. Here, we report development silent system its applications common marmoset (Callithrix Jacchus), non-human primate species sharing similar hearing range with humans. By utilizing orthogonal pair acousto-optical deflectors (AODs), full-frame raster scanning at video rate was achieved without introducing vibrations. Imaging depth can be optically controlled by adjusting chirping speed on AODs any motion along Z-axis. Furthermore, all other sound-generating were acoustically isolated, leaving noise floor working below marmoset's threshold. awake marmosets revealed cortex neurons that exhibited maximal low sound levels, which not possible study using traditional systems. This is first demonstration capable artifacts. capacity opens new opportunities better understanding brain helps isolate animal behavior microscope-generated interference.

Language: Английский

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Biological constraints on stereotaxic targeting of functionally-defined cortical areas

Cerebral Cortex, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 33(6), P. 3293 - 3310

Published: July 14, 2022

Understanding computational principles in hierarchically organized sensory systems requires functional parcellation of brain structures and their precise targeting for manipulations. Although atlases are widely used to infer area locations the mouse neocortex, it has been unclear whether stereotaxic coordinates based on standardized morphology accurately represent domains individual animals. Here, we intrinsic signal imaging evaluate accuracy delineation atlas by mapping functionally-identified auditory cortices onto bregma-based coordinates. We found that correlated poorly with true complexity boundaries. Inter-animal variability predicted surprisingly high error rates This was not simply attributed sizes or suture irregularities but instead reflected differences cortical geography across Our data thus indicate animals is essential dissecting area-specific roles precision.

Language: Английский

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