Dimorphic Neural Network Architecture Prioritizes Sexual-related Behaviors in Male C. elegans

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

Neural network architecture determines its functional output. However, the detailed mechanisms are not well characterized. In this study, we focused on neural architectures of male and hermaphrodite C. elegans association with sexually dimorphic behaviors. We applied graph theory computational neuroscience methods to systematically discern features these two networks. Our findings revealed that a small percentage sexual-specific neurons exerted dominance throughout entire net-work, suggesting male’s prioritized sexual-related behavior outputs. Based structural dynamical characteristics complete networks, sub-networks containing sex-specific their immediate neighbors, or exclusively comprising sex-shared neurons, predicted behavioral outcomes for males hermaphrodites. To verify prediction, performed calcium imaging experiments dissected circuit is specific increased spontaneous local search in mate-searching. research sheds light circuits underlie behaviors elegans, provides significant insights into inter-connected relationship between at whole-brain level.

Language: Английский

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Dimorphic Neural Network Architecture Prioritizes Sexual-related Behaviors in Male C. elegans

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

Neural network architecture determines its functional output. However, the detailed mechanisms are not well characterized. In this study, we focused on neural architectures of male and hermaphrodite C. elegans association with sexually dimorphic behaviors. We applied graph theory computational neuroscience methods to systematically discern features these two networks. Our findings revealed that a small percentage sexual-specific neurons exerted dominance throughout entire net-work, suggesting male’s prioritized sexual-related behavior outputs. Based structural dynamical characteristics complete networks, sub-networks containing sex-specific their immediate neighbors, or exclusively comprising sex-shared neurons, predicted behavioral outcomes for males hermaphrodites. To verify prediction, performed calcium imaging experiments dissected circuit is specific increased spontaneous local search in mate-searching. research sheds light circuits underlie behaviors elegans, provides significant insights into inter-connected relationship between at whole-brain level.

Language: Английский

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Spatial Atlas of the Mouse Central Nervous System at Molecular Resolution

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 22, 2022

Abstract Spatially charting molecular cell types at single-cell resolution across the three-dimensional (3D) volume of brain is critical for illustrating basis anatomy and functions. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has profiled in mouse 1, 2 , but cannot capture their spatial organization. Here, we employed an situ technique, STARmap PLUS 3, 4 to map more than one million high-quality cells whole adult spinal cord, profiling 1,022 genes subcellular with a voxel size 194 X 345 nm 3D. We developed computational pipelines segment, cluster, annotate 231 molecularly defined 64 tissue regions resolution. To create transcriptome-wide atlas, further integrated measurements published scRNA-seq atlas 1 imputing 11,844 level. Finally, engineered highly expressed barcoding system delineate tropism brain-wide transgene delivery tool, AAV-PHP.eB 5, 6 revealing its resolved transduction efficiency brain. Together, our datasets annotations provide comprehensive, high-resolution resource that integrates taxonomy, anatomy, genetic manipulation accessibility mammalian central nervous (CNS).

Language: Английский

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Neural circuit mechanisms of the cholecystokinin (CCK) neuropeptide system in addiction

Addiction Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 3, P. 100024 - 100024

Published: June 17, 2022

Given historical focus on the roles for cholecystokinin (CCK) as a peripheral hormone controlling gastrointestinal processes and brainstem peptide regulating food intake, study of CCK limbic neuromodulator coordinating reward-seeking emotional behavior remains underappreciated. Furthermore, localization to specialized interneurons throughout hippocampus cortex relegated being examined primarily static cell type marker rather than dynamic functional neuromodulator. Yet, over three decades literature have been generated by efforts delineate central mechanisms addiction-related behaviors mediated system across striatum, amygdala, hypothalamus, midbrain. Here, we cover fundamental findings that implicate neuron activity receptor signaling in modulating drug intake drug-seeking (focusing psychostimulants, opioids, alcohol). In doing so, highlight few studies indicate sex differences expression corresponding effects, emphasizing importance examining hormonal influences biological variable translating basic science discoveries effective treatments substance use disorders human patients. Finally, point toward understudied subcortical sources endogenous describe how continued neurotechnology advancements can be leveraged modernize understanding neural circuit underlying release addiction-relevant behaviors.

Language: Английский

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The neuropeptidergic connectome ofC. elegans

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 31, 2022

Summary Efforts are currently ongoing to map synaptic wiring diagrams or connectomes in order understand the neural basis of brain function. However, chemical synapses represent only one type functionally important neuronal connection; particular, extrasynaptic, “wireless” signaling by neuropeptides is widespread and plays essential roles all nervous systems. By integrating single-cell anatomical gene expression datasets with a biochemical analysis receptor-ligand interactions, we have generated draft connectome neuropeptide C. elegans system. This characterized high connection density, extended cascades, autocrine foci, decentralized topology, large, highly interconnected core containing three constituent communities sharing similar patterns input connectivity. Intriguingly, several most nodes this little-studied neurons that specialized for peptidergic neuromodulation. We anticipate neuropeptidergic will serve as prototype basic organizational principles neuroendocrine networks.

Language: Английский

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Single Nuclei Analyses Reveal Transcriptional Profiles and Marker Genes for Diverse Supraspinal Populations

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 42(47), P. 8780 - 8794

Published: Oct. 6, 2022

The mammalian brain contains numerous neurons distributed across forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain that project axons to the lower spinal cord work in concert control movement achieve homeostasis. Extensive has mapped anatomic location of supraspinal cell types continues establish specific physiological functions. patterns gene expression typify distinguish these disparate populations, however, are mostly unknown. Here, using adult mice mixed sex, we combined retrograde labeling nuclei with fluorescence-activated sorting single-nuclei RNA sequencing analyses transcriptionally profile from lumbar cord. We identified 14 distinct used a combination established newly marker genes assign an each. To validate putative genes, visualized selected transcripts confirmed selective within lumbar-projecting discrete regions. Finally, illustrate potential utility data by examining transcription factors different surveying receptors for growth guidance cues may be present Collectively, transcriptional differences between anatomically defined identify new set use future experiments, provide insight into cellular activity connectome. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT communicates body through wide variety neuronal populations functions differential sensitivity damage disease. have technology diverse mouse results reveal previously on basis anatomy, facilitate rapid identification type work, suggest responsiveness external cues.

Language: Английский

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Integration of olfactory and auditory cues eliciting parental behavior

Journal of Neuroendocrinology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 35(7)

Published: May 22, 2023

Abstract Parental care is crucial for the survival of all mammalian species. Given evolutionary importance parenting, this behavioral repertoire must be supported by circuitry that innate but also capable learning and flexibility – adjusting to changing environmental demands. In rodents, parental triggered perception cues emitted a pup. Caregiver‐pup interactions are often composed multimodal sensory stimuli require caregivers integrate across modalities. review, we focus on two modalities essential experience: smell hearing. We examine how hearing combined with other senses identify offspring in need care. Understanding integrated caregiver brain inform behavior an important step understanding underlies complex repertoire. will discuss recent advances field rodent behavior, highlighting studies have begun disentangle neural processes multisensory involved caregiver‐offspring interactions.

Language: Английский

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The Benchtop mesoSPIM: a next-generation open-source light-sheet microscope for large cleared samples

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 21, 2023

In 2015, we launched the mesoSPIM initiative (www.mesospim.org), an open-source project for making light-sheet microscopy of large cleared tissues more accessible. Meanwhile, demand imaging larger samples at higher speed and resolution has increased, requiring major improvements in capabilities microscopy. Here, introduce next-generation ("Benchtop") with significantly increased field view, improved resolution, throughput, affordable cost simpler assembly compared to original version. We developed a new method testing objectives, enabling us select detection objectives optimal large-sensor sCMOS cameras. The achieves high spatial (1.5 μm laterally, 3.3 axially) across entire magnification up 20x, supports sample sizes ranging from sub-mm several centimetres, while being compatible multiple clearing techniques. microscope serves broad range applications neuroscience, developmental biology, even physics.

Language: Английский

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Gray areas: Neuropeptide circuits linking the Edinger-Westphal and Dorsal Raphe nuclei in addiction

Neuropharmacology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 198, P. 108769 - 108769

Published: Sept. 2, 2021

Language: Английский

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Influence of grazing on the activity pattern and temporal niche of two dominant rodent species in Alxa desert

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Jan. 9, 2023

Grazing by large herbivores can potentially affect interspecific interactions between small reducing the ecological fitness of animals. Desert rodents are important components in desert ecosystems and indicators environmental change. reduces food resources, but decrease niche overlap adaptive behavior. However, key factors driving rodent behavioral activities coexistence Alxa remains unstudied. We monitored population density Midday gerbil ( Meriones meridianus ) northern three-toed jerboa Dipus sagitta a grazing exclusion experiment desert, Inner Mongolia, China, 2017. assessed relationship (such as plant height, density, coverage, rainfall temperature) two coexisting species. The results showed that: (1) In summer, significantly reduced activity time compared to that areas (gerbil: F = 5.98, p < 0.05, η 2 0.22; jerboa: 8.57, 0.01, 0.28). temporal with an obvious shifting peaks (2) enhanced species due greater availability which relieved inter-specific competition each season. (3) strengthened sensitivity changes all seasons. These indicated affected altering vegetation conditions, turn patterns rodents.

Language: Английский

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