Interdigitating Modules for Visual Processing During Locomotion and Rest in Mouse V1

Published: April 16, 2025

Layer 1 of V1 has been shown to receive locomotion-related signals from the dorsal lateral geniculate (dLGN) and posterior (LP) thalamic nuclei (Roth et al., 2016). Inputs dLGN terminate in M2+ patches while inputs LP target M2− interpatches (D’Souza 2019) suggesting that motion related are processed distinct networks. Here, we investigated by calcium imaging head-fixed awake mice whether L2/3 neurons underneath L1 modules differentially activated locomotion, networks feedback connections higher cortical areas may contribute these differences. We found strongly locomotion-modulated cell clusters during visual stimulation were aligned with interpatches, weakly modulated cells clustered under patches. Unlike patch cells, pairs interpatch showed increased correlated variability transients when sites visuotopic map far apart, activity is integrated across large parts field. Pathway tracing further suggests strong locomotion modulation relies on looped, like-to-like between apical dendrites MOs-, PM- RSP-projecting input L1. SST neurons, interneurons influence firing specific subnetworks controlling excitability interpatches.

Language: Английский

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Interdigitating Modules for Visual Processing During Locomotion and Rest in Mouse V1

Published: April 16, 2025

Layer 1 of V1 has been shown to receive locomotion-related signals from the dorsal lateral geniculate (dLGN) and posterior (LP) thalamic nuclei (Roth et al., 2016). Inputs dLGN terminate in M2+ patches while inputs LP target M2− interpatches (D’Souza 2019) suggesting that motion related are processed distinct networks. Here, we investigated by calcium imaging head-fixed awake mice whether L2/3 neurons underneath L1 modules differentially activated locomotion, networks feedback connections higher cortical areas may contribute these differences. We found strongly locomotion-modulated cell clusters during visual stimulation were aligned with interpatches, weakly modulated cells clustered under patches. Unlike patch cells, pairs interpatch showed increased correlated variability transients when sites visuotopic map far apart, activity is integrated across large parts field. Pathway tracing further suggests strong locomotion modulation relies on looped, like-to-like between apical dendrites MOs-, PM- RSP-projecting input L1. SST neurons, interneurons influence firing specific subnetworks controlling excitability interpatches.

Language: Английский

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Backward masking reveals coarse-to-fine dynamics in human V1

NeuroImage, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 274, P. 120139 - 120139

Published: May 1, 2023

Natural images exhibit luminance variations aligned across a broad spectrum of spatial frequencies (SFs). It has been proposed that, at early stages processing, the coarse signals carried by low SF (LSF) visual input are sent rapidly from primary cortex (V1) to ventral, dorsal and frontal regions form representation input, which is later back V1 guide processing fine-grained high SFs (i.e., HSF). We used functional resonance imaging (fMRI) investigate role human in coarse-to-fine integration input. disrupted fine content full-spectrum face stimuli via backward masking selective ranges (LSFs: <1.75cpd HSFs: >1.75cpd) specific times (50, 83, 100 or 150 ms). In line with proposals, we found that (1) stimulus LSF activity earliest time window, progressively decreased influence, while (2) an opposite trend was observed for stimulus' HSF. This pattern V1, as well ventral (i.e. Fusiform Face area, FFA), orbitofrontal regions. additionally presented subjects contrast negated stimuli. While negation significantly reduced response amplitudes FFA, coupling between FFA dynamics were not affected this manipulation. The fact strictly identical sets differed depending on masked scale adds growing evidence goes beyond quasi-passive transmission information rest brain. instead indicates may yield 'spatially registered common forum' 'blackboard' integrates top-down inferences incoming through its recurrent interaction high-level located inferotemporal,

Language: Английский

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Orthogonality of sensory and contextual categorical dynamics embedded in a continuum of responses from the second somatosensory cortex

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(29)

Published: July 11, 2024

How does the brain simultaneously process signals that bring complementary information, like raw sensory and their transformed counterparts, without any disruptive interference? Contemporary research underscores brain’s adeptness in using decorrelated responses to reduce such interference. Both neurophysiological findings artificial neural networks support notion of orthogonal representation for signal differentiation parallel processing. Yet, where, how are into more abstract representations remains unclear. Using a temporal pattern discrimination task trained monkeys, we revealed second somatosensory cortex (S2) efficiently segregates faithful subspaces. Importantly, S2 population encoding signals, but not ones, disappeared during nondemanding version this task, which suggests transformation decoding from downstream areas only active on-demand. A mechanistic computation model points gain modulation as possible biological mechanism observed context-dependent computation. Furthermore, individual activities underlie exhibited continuum responses, with no well-determined clusters. These advocate brain, while employing heterogeneous splits subspaces fashion enhance robustness, performance, improve coding efficiency.

Language: Английский

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Orthogonality of sensory and contextual categorical dynamics embedded in a continuum of responses from the second somatosensory cortex

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 23, 2023

Abstract How does the brain simultaneously process signals that bring complementary information, like raw sensory and their transformed counterparts, without any disruptive interference? Contemporary research underscores brain’ ss adeptness in using decorrelated responses to reduce such interference. Both neurophysiological findings artificial neural networks (ANNs) support notion of orthogonal representation for signal differentiation parallel processing. Yet, where, how are into more abstract representations remains unclear. Using a temporal pattern discrimination task (TPDT) trained monkeys, we revealed second somatosensory cortex (S2) efficiently segregates faithful subspaces. Importantly, S2 population encoding signals, but not ones, disappeared during non-demanding version task, which suggests transformation decoding from downstream areas only active on-demand. A mechanistic computation model points gain modulation as possible biological mechanism observed context-dependent computation. Furthermore, individual activities underlie exhibited continuum responses, with no well-determined clusters. These advocate brain, while employing heterogeneous splits subspaces fashion enhance robustness, performance, improve coding efficiency. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT An important function is turning sensation perception. this implemented unknown. Current research, insights networks, highlights an effective means transform perceptual separating processing two information streams. Neuronal recordings monkeys performed TPDT, at level. While encodes independently context, categorical parameters, when demands it. Such distinct flexible organization, enriched by spectrum activities, reflects brain’s efficiency, resilience, overall purpose solving cognitive tasks.

Language: Английский

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Backward masking reveals coarse-to-fine dynamics in human V1

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 10, 2023

Abstract Natural images exhibit luminance variations aligned across a broad spectrum of spatial frequencies (SFs). It has been proposed that, at early stages processing, the coarse signals carried by low SF (LSF) visual input are sent rapidly from primary cortex (V1) to ventral, dorsal and frontal regions form representation input, which is later back V1 guide processing fine-grained high SFs (i.e., HSF). We used functional resonance imaging (fMRI) investigate role human in coarse-to-fine integration input. disrupted fine content full-spectrum face stimuli via backward masking selective ranges (LSFs: <1.75cpd HSFs: >1.75cpd) specific times (50, 83, 100 or 150ms). In line with proposals, we found that (1) stimulus LSF activity earliest time window, progressively decreased influence, while (2) an opposite trend was observed for stimulus’ HSF. This pattern V1, as well ventral (i.e. Fusiform Face area, FFA), orbitofrontal regions. additionally presented participants contrast negated stimuli. While negation significantly reduced response amplitudes FFA, coupling between FFA dynamics were not affected this manipulation. The fact strictly identical sets differed depending on masked scale adds growing evidence goes beyond quasi-passive transmission information rest brain. instead indicates may yield ‘spatially registered common forum’ ‘blackboard’ integrates top-down inferences incoming through its recurrent interaction high-level located inferotemporal,

Language: Английский

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Effects of noise and metabolic cost on cortical task representations

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 12, 2023

Abstract Cognitive flexibility requires both the encoding of task-relevant and ignoring task-irrelevant stimuli. While neural coding stimuli is increasingly well understood, mechanisms for remain poorly understood. Here, we study how task performance biological constraints jointly determine relevant irrelevant in circuits. Using mathematical analyses task-optimized recurrent networks, show that circuits can exhibit a range representational geometries depending on strength noise metabolic cost. By comparing these results with recordings from primate prefrontal cortex (PFC) over course learning, activity PFC changes line minimal strategy. Specifically, our reveal suppression dynamically achieved by activity-silent, sub-threshold dynamics. Our provide normative explanation as to why implements an adaptive,

Language: Английский

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Effects of noise and metabolic cost on cortical task representations

eLife, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 27, 2024

Cognitive flexibility requires both the encoding of task-relevant and ignoring task-irrelevant stimuli. While neural coding stimuli is increasingly well understood, mechanisms for remain poorly understood. Here, we study how task performance biological constraints jointly determine relevant irrelevant in circuits. Using mathematical analyses task-optimized recurrent networks, show that circuits can exhibit a range representational geometries depending on strength noise metabolic cost. By comparing these results with recordings from primate prefrontal cortex (PFC) over course learning, activity PFC changes line minimal strategy. Specifically, our reveal suppression dynamically achieved by activity-silent, sub-threshold dynamics. Our provide normative explanation as to why implements an adaptive,

Language: Английский

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Effects of noise and metabolic cost on cortical task representations

Published: March 27, 2024

Cognitive flexibility requires both the encoding of task-relevant and ignoring task-irrelevant stimuli. While neural coding stimuli is increasingly well understood, mechanisms for remain poorly understood. Here, we study how task performance biological constraints jointly determine relevant irrelevant in circuits. Using mathematical analyses task-optimized recurrent networks, show that circuits can exhibit a range representational geometries depending on strength noise metabolic cost. By comparing these results with recordings from primate prefrontal cortex (PFC) over course learning, activity PFC changes line minimal strategy. Specifically, our reveal suppression dynamically achieved by activity-silent, sub-threshold dynamics. Our provide normative explanation as to why implements an adaptive,

Language: Английский

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Auditory Cortex Learns to Discriminate Audiovisual Cues through Selective Multisensory Enhancement

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 16, 2024

Abstract Multisensory object discrimination is essential in everyday life, yet the neural mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear. In study, we trained rats to perform a two-alternative forced-choice task using both auditory and visual cues. Our findings reveal that multisensory perceptual learning actively engages cortex (AC) neurons audiovisual processing. Importantly, many AC exhibited experience-dependent associations between their preferences, displaying unique integration model. This model employed selective enhancement for auditory-visual pairing guiding contralateral choice, which correlated with improved discrimination. Furthermore, effectively distinguished whether preferred stimulus was paired its associated distinct integrative mechanism. results highlight capability of sensory cortices develop sophisticated strategies, adapting demands enhance abilities.

Language: Английский

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