Norepinephrine changes behavioral state via astroglial purinergic signaling

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 23, 2024

Both neurons and glia communicate via diffusible neuromodulatory substances, but the substrates of computation in such networks are unclear. During behavioral transitions larval zebrafish, neuromodulator norepinephrine drives fast excitation delayed inhibition behavior circuit activity. We find that inhibitory arm this feedforward motif is implemented by astroglial purinergic signaling. Neuromodulator imaging, pharmacology, perturbations astroglia reveal triggers release adenosine triphosphate, extracellular conversion into adenosine, suppression through activation hindbrain neuronal receptors. This work, along with a companion piece Lefton colleagues demonstrating an analogous pathway mediating effect on synaptic connectivity mice, identifies computational role for evolutionarily conserved signaling axis norepinephrine-mediated brain state transitions.

Language: Английский

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A neurotransmitter atlas of C. elegans males and hermaphrodites

eLife, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: March 20, 2024

Mapping neurotransmitter identities to neurons is key understanding information flow in a nervous system. It also provides valuable entry points for studying the development and plasticity of neuronal identity features. In Caenorhabditis elegans system, have been largely assigned by expression pattern analysis pathway genes that encode biosynthetic enzymes or transporters. However, many these assignments relied on multicopy reporter transgenes may lack relevant cis -regulatory therefore not provide an accurate picture usage. We analyzed patterns 16 CRISPR/Cas9-engineered knock-in strains all main types neurotransmitters C. (glutamate, acetylcholine, GABA, serotonin, dopamine, tyramine, octopamine) both hermaphrodite male. Our reveals novel sites systems within glia, as well non-neural cells, most notably gonadal cells. The resulting atlas defines be exclusively neuropeptidergic, substantially expands repertoire capable co-transmitting multiple neurotransmitters, identifies monoaminergic uptake. Furthermore, we observed unusual co-expression synthesis genes, suggesting existence transmitters. results what constitutes extensive whole-animal-wide map usage date, paving way better communication specification .

Language: Английский

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Mapping the developmental structure of stereotyped and individual-unique behavioral spaces in C. elegans

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43(9), P. 114683 - 114683

Published: Aug. 27, 2024

Language: Английский

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Hierarchical regulation of functionally antagonistic neuropeptides expressed in a single neuron pair

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Nov. 3, 2024

Abstract Neuronal communication involves small-molecule transmitters, gap junctions, and neuropeptides. While neurons often express multiple neuropeptides, our understanding of the coordination their actions mutual interactions remains limited. Here, we demonstrate that two NLP-10 FLP-1, released from same interneuron pair, AVKL/R, exert antagonistic effects on locomotion speed in Caenorhabditis elegans . accelerates by activating G protein-coupled receptor NPR-35 premotor interneurons promote forward movement. Notably, establish is crucial for aversive response to mechanical noxious light stimuli. Conversely, AVK-derived FLP-1 slows down suppressing secretion AVK, through autocrine feedback via activation its DMSR-7 AVK neurons. Our findings suggest peptidergic motifs, exemplified interaction between might represent a widespread mechanism nervous systems across species. These functional among co-transmitters could fine-tune brain activity.

Language: Английский

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Behavioral plasticity

Genetics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 228(1)

Published: Aug. 19, 2024

Behavioral plasticity allows animals to modulate their behavior based on experience and environmental conditions. Caenorhabditis elegans exhibits experience-dependent changes in its behavioral responses various modalities of sensory cues, including odorants, salts, temperature, mechanical stimulations. Most these forms plasticity, such as adaptation, habituation, associative learning, imprinting, are shared with other animals. The C. nervous system is considerably tractable for experimental studies-its function can be characterized manipulated molecular genetic methods, activity visualized analyzed imaging approaches, the connectivity relatively small number neurons well described. Therefore, provides an opportunity study molecular, neuronal, circuit mechanisms underlying that either conserved or unique this species. These findings reveal insights into how interacts cues generate adaptive values.

Language: Английский

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Neuropeptide signaling network of Caenorhabditis elegans: from structure to behavior

Genetics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 30, 2024

Abstract Neuropeptides are abundant signaling molecules that control neuronal activity and behavior in all animals. Owing part to its well-defined compact nervous system, Caenorhabditis elegans has been one of the primary model organisms used investigate how neuropeptide networks organized these neurochemicals regulate behavior. We here review recent work expanded our understanding neuropeptidergic network C. by mapping evolutionary conservation, molecular expression, receptor–ligand interactions, system-wide organization pathways system. also describe general insights into circuit motifs spatiotemporal range peptidergic transmission have emerged from vivo studies on signaling. With efforts ongoing chart peptide other organisms, connectome can serve as a prototype further understand dynamics at organismal level.

Language: Английский

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A neurotransmitter atlas of C. elegans males and hermaphrodites

eLife, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Oct. 18, 2024

Mapping neurotransmitter identities to neurons is key understanding information flow in a nervous system. It also provides valuable entry points for studying the development and plasticity of neuronal identity features. In Caenorhabditis elegans system, have been largely assigned by expression pattern analysis pathway genes that encode biosynthetic enzymes or transporters. However, many these assignments relied on multicopy reporter transgenes may lack relevant cis -regulatory therefore not provide an accurate picture usage. We analyzed patterns 16 CRISPR/Cas9-engineered knock-in strains all main types neurotransmitters C. (glutamate, acetylcholine, GABA, serotonin, dopamine, tyramine, octopamine) both hermaphrodite male. Our reveals novel sites systems within glia, as well non-neural cells, most notably gonadal cells. The resulting atlas defines be exclusively neuropeptidergic, substantially expands repertoire capable co-transmitting multiple neurotransmitters, identifies monoaminergic uptake. Furthermore, we observed unusual co-expression synthesis genes, suggesting existence transmitters. results what constitutes extensive whole-animal-wide map usage date, paving way better communication specification .

Language: Английский

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Building and integrating brain-wide maps of nervous system function in invertebrates

Current Opinion in Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 86, P. 102868 - 102868

Published: April 3, 2024

The selection and execution of context-appropriate behaviors is controlled by the integrated action neural circuits throughout brain. However, how activity coordinated across brain regions, nervous system structure enables these functional interactions, remain open questions. Recent technical advances have made it feasible to build brain-wide maps function, such as maps, connectomes, cell atlases. Here, we review recent progress in this area, focusing on C. elegans D. melanogaster, work has produced global systems. We also describe circuit motifs elucidated studies specific networks, which highlight complexities that must be captured accurate models whole-brain function.

Language: Английский

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Degenerate Neuronal and Circuit Mechanisms Important for Generating Rhythmic Motor Patterns

Physiological Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 105(1), P. 95 - 135

Published: June 13, 2024

In 1996, we published a review article (Marder E, Calabrese RL.

Language: Английский

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Neurogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans

Genetics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 228(2)

Published: Aug. 21, 2024

Abstract Animals rely on their nervous systems to process sensory inputs, integrate these with internal signals, and produce behavioral outputs. This is enabled by the highly specialized morphologies functions of neurons. Neuronal cells share multiple structural physiological features, but they also come in a large diversity types or classes that give system its broad range plasticity. diversity, first recognized over century ago, spurred classification efforts based morphology, function, molecular criteria. Caenorhabditis elegans, precisely mapped at anatomical level, an extensive description most neurons, genetic amenability, has been prime model for understanding how neurons develop diversify mechanistic level. Here, we review gene regulatory mechanisms driving neurogenesis diversification neuron subclasses C. elegans. We discuss our current specification neuronal progenitors differentiation terms transcription factors involved ensuing changes expression chromatin landscape. The central theme emerged identity defined modules batteries are under control parallel yet interconnected mechanisms. focus how, achieve terminal identities, information along developmental lineages. Moreover, diversified postembryonically time-, sex-, activity-dependent manner. Finally, development can provide insights into evolution diversity.

Language: Английский

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