Opposing effects of rewarding and aversive stimuli on D1 and D2 types of dopamine-sensitive neurons in the central amygdala DOI Creative Commons
Anna Beroun, Łukasz Bijoch,

Paweł Szczypkowski

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 17, 2024

Abstract Dopamine-sensitive neurons are organized in two classes of cells, expressing D1- or D2- types dopamine receptors, and often mediating opposing aspects reward-oriented behaviors. Here, we focused on dopamine-sensitive the central amygdala – a brain structure critically involved processing emotion-related stimuli. Exposing mice to rewarding aversive stimuli studied DRD1 DRD2 cells activity using in vivo two-photon calcium imaging CeM. We showed that cocaine sugar predominantly increase DRD1(+) decrease DRD2(+) cells. Repeated exposure cocaine, however, had opposite effect spontaneous excitatory synaptic transmission CeM than sugar. Quinine, an stimulus, primarily engaged neurons, activating those were previously inhibited by exposure. Our results show though populations differentially regulated appetitive/aversive stimuli, both participate sugar, quinine processing.

Language: Английский

Effort Drives Saccade Selection DOI Open Access
Damian Koevoet,

Laura Van Zantwijk,

Marnix Naber

et al.

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

What determines where to move the eyes? We recently showed that pupil size, a well-established marker of effort, also reflects effort associated with making saccade (’saccade costs’). Here we demonstrate costs critically drive selection: when choosing between any two directions, least costly direction was consistently preferred. Strikingly, this principle even held during search in natural scenes additional experiments. When increasing cognitive demand experimentally through an auditory counting task, participants made fewer saccades and especially cut directions. This suggests eye-movement system other operations consume similar resources are flexibly allocated among each as changes. Together, argue behavior is tuned adaptively minimize saccade-inherent effort.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Toward a functional future for the cognitive neuroscience of human aging DOI Creative Commons

Zoya Mooraj,

Alireza Salami, Karen L. Campbell

et al.

Neuron, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 113(1), P. 154 - 183

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Does transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation alter pupil dilation? A living Bayesian meta-analysis DOI Creative Commons

Ipek Pervaz,

Lilly Thurn,

Cecilia Vezzani

et al.

Brain stimulation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(2), P. 148 - 157

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Orexin population activity precisely reflects net body movement across behavioral and metabolic states DOI Open Access

Alexander L Tesmer,

Paulius Viskaitis,

Dane Donegan

et al.

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Tracking net body movement in real time may enable the brain to estimate ongoing demands and thus better orchestrate muscle tone, energy balance, arousal. To identify neural populations specializing tracking movement, here we compared self-initiated movement-related activity across genetically-defined subcortical neurons mouse brain, including dopaminergic, glutamatergic, noradrenergic, key peptidergic neurons. We show that hypothalamic orexin/hypocretin-producing (HONs) are exceptionally precise movement-trackers, encoding multiple classified behaviors with a high degree of precision, independent head acceleration. This was so precise, video analysis reliably served as low-cost biometric for HON population activity. The internal nutritional states, occurred communication bandwidth distinct from blood glucose. At projection targets, orexin/hypocretin peptide outputs correlated projection-specific manner, indicating functional heterogeneity outputs. Finally, found not encoded same extent other related arousal or energy. These findings indicate orchestrators metabolism finely tuned encode constituting bridge multiplexing motor resources.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Orexin population activity precisely reflects net body movement across behavioral and metabolic states DOI Open Access

Alexander L Tesmer,

Paulius Viskaitis,

Dane Donegan

et al.

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Tracking net body movement in real time may enable the brain to estimate ongoing demands and thus better orchestrate muscle tone, energy balance, arousal. To identify neural populations specializing tracking movement, here we compared self-initiated movement-related activity across genetically-defined subcortical neurons mouse brain, including dopaminergic, glutamatergic, noradrenergic, key peptidergic neurons. We show that hypothalamic orexin/hypocretin-producing (HONs) are exceptionally precise movement-trackers, encoding multiple classified behaviors with a high degree of precision, independent head acceleration. This was so precise, video analysis reliably served as low-cost biometric for HON population activity. The internal nutritional states, occurred communication bandwidth distinct from blood glucose. At projection targets, orexin/hypocretin peptide outputs correlated projection-specific manner, indicating functional heterogeneity outputs. Finally, found not encoded same extent other related arousal or energy. These findings indicate orchestrators metabolism finely tuned encode constituting bridge multiplexing motor resources.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Therapeutic efficacy of orthokeratology lenses with different back optic zone diameters in myopia control: A systematic review and meta-analysis DOI
Xinwei Yang, Long Wen,

Kaimin Xiao

et al.

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 102400 - 102400

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The Interplay of Spontaneous Pupil‐Size Fluctuations and EEG Power in Near‐Threshold Detection DOI Creative Commons
Veera Ruuskanen,

C. Nico Boehler,

Sebastiaan Mathôt

et al.

Psychophysiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 62(3)

Published: March 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Detection of near‐threshold stimuli depends on the properties stimulus and state observer. In visual detection tasks, improved accuracy is associated with larger prestimulus pupil size. However, it still unclear whether this association due to optical effects (more light entering eye), correlations arousal, cortical excitability (as reflected in alpha power), or a mix these. To better understand this, we investigated relative contributions size power alpha, beta, theta frequency bands detection. We found that more stimulus‐present responses, these were not mediated by spectral EEG. Pupil was also positively correlated beta bands. Taken together, our results show an independent effect performance driven but may be effects, physiological both.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Effort drives saccade selection DOI Creative Commons
Damian Koevoet,

Laura Van Zantwijk,

Marnix Naber

et al.

eLife, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: April 7, 2025

What determines where to move the eyes? We recently showed that pupil size, a well-established marker of effort, also reflects effort associated with making saccade (‘saccade costs’). Here, we demonstrate costs critically drive selection: when choosing between any two directions, least costly direction was consistently preferred. Strikingly, this principle even held during search in natural scenes additional experiments. When increasing cognitive demand experimentally through an auditory counting task, participants made fewer saccades and especially cut directions. This suggests eye-movement system other operations consume similar resources are flexibly allocated among each as changes. Together, argue behavior is tuned adaptively minimize saccade-inherent effort.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Arousal as a universal embedding for spatiotemporal brain dynamics DOI Creative Commons
Ryan V. Raut, Zachary P. Rosenthal, Xiaodan Wang

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 8, 2023

Neural activity in awake organisms shows widespread and spatiotemporally diverse correlations with behavioral physiological measurements. We propose that this covariation reflects part the dynamics of a unified, multidimensional arousal-related process regulates brain-wide physiology on timescale seconds. By framing interpretation within dynamical systems theory, we arrive at surprising prediction: single, scalar measurement arousal (e.g., pupil diameter) should suffice to reconstruct continuous evolution multidimensional, spatiotemporal measurements large-scale brain physiology. To test hypothesis, perform multimodal, cortex-wide optical imaging monitoring mice. demonstrate neuronal calcium, metabolism, blood-oxygen can be accurately parsimoniously modeled from low-dimensional state-space reconstructed time history diameter. Extending framework electrophysiological Allen Brain Observatory, ability integrate experimental data into unified generative model via mappings an intrinsic manifold. Our results support hypothesis spontaneous, spatially structured fluctuations physiology-widely interpreted reflect regionally-specific neural communication-are large reflections process. This enriched view has broad implications for interpreting observations brain, body, behavior as measured across modalities, contexts, scales.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Pupil dilation and behavior as complementary measures of fear response in Mice DOI
Jing Sun,

Lin Zhu,

Xiaojing Fang

et al.

Cognitive Neurodynamics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(6), P. 4047 - 4054

Published: Oct. 21, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

1