Psychedelic Medicine,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
1(4), P. 241 - 252
Published: Aug. 30, 2023
N-methyl-D-aspartate
receptor-mediated
dissociatives
and
serotonergic
hallucinogens
are
being
increasingly
used
in
therapeutic
interventions
that
involve
nonordinary
states
of
consciousness
may
represent
a
unique
mental
health
paradigm
wherein
pharmacologically
induced
experiences
conducive
to
psychological
well-being.The
aim
this
study
was
further
understand
how
the
phenomenological
health-promoting
effects
high-dose
dextromethorphan
(DXM)
compared
psilocybin
same
participants
when
administered
under
experimental
conditions
typical
psychedelic
trials.Single,
acute
oral
doses
DXM
(400
mg/70
kg),
(10,
20,
30
inactive
placebo
were
double-blind
psychologically
supportive
20
healthy
with
histories
hallucinogen
use.
Ratings
personal
meaning,
spiritual
significance,
challenge,
insight
attributed
drug
assessed
7
h
(at
session
end)
1
week
after
each
administration.
Persisting
administration.High-dose
produced
similar
increases
over
ratings
experience
predictive
benefit
at
week,
even
expectancy
minimized.
These
tended
favor
dose-dependent
manner
limited
by
poor
physical
tolerability
for
DXM.This
analysis
suggests
utility
exploring
clinical
applications
occur
within
contexts
characteristic
research
prioritize
optimization
valuable
experiences.
This
registered
ClinicalTrials.gov
(NCT02033707).
European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 27, 2024
The
growing
interest
in
the
rapid
and
sustained
antidepressant
effects
of
dissociative
anesthetic
ketamine
classic
psychedelics,
such
as
psilocybin,
is
remarkable.
However,
both
psychedelics
are
known
to
induce
acute
mystical
experiences;
can
cause
symptoms
out-of-body
experience,
while
typically
bring
about
hallucinogenic
experiences,
like
a
profound
sense
unity
with
universe
or
nature.
role
these
experiences
enhancing
outcomes
for
patients
depression
currently
an
area
ongoing
investigation
debate.
Clinical
studies
have
shown
that
following
administration
(S)-ketamine
(esketamine)
not
directly
linked
their
properties.
In
contrast,
potential
(R)-ketamine
(arketamine),
thought
lack
side
effects,
has
yet
be
conclusively
proven
large-scale
clinical
trials.
Moreover,
although
activation
serotonin
5-HT
Neurotherapeutics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. e00322 - e00322
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
In
recent
years,
psychedelics
have
generated
considerable
excitement
and
interest
as
potential
novel
therapeutics
for
an
array
of
conditions,
with
the
most
advanced
evidence
base
in
treatment
certain
severe
and/or
treatment-resistant
psychiatric
disorders.
An
clinical
pre-clinical
has
informed
our
current
understanding
how
produce
profound
alterations
consciousness.
Mechanisms
psychedelic
action
include
receptor
binding
downstream
cellular
transcriptional
pathways,
long-term
impacts
on
brain
structure
function—from
level
single
neurons
to
large-scale
circuits.
this
perspective,
we
first
briefly
review
synthesize
separate
lines
research
mechanistic
processes
underlying
acute
effects
compounds,
a
particular
emphasis
highlighting
theoretical
models
drug
their
relationships
therapeutic
benefits
brain-based
We
then
highlight
existing
area
ongoing
controversy
argue
is
directly
by
originating
from
disparate
levels
inquiry,
ultimately
converge
notion
that
bridging
chasm
explanatory
across
inquiry
(molecular,
cellular,
circuit,
psychological/behavioral)
through
innovative
methods
collaborative
efforts
will
yield
comprehensive
needed
fully
capitalize
properties
these
compounds.
Frontiers in Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: May 3, 2023
“Learned
helplessness”
refers
to
debilitating
outcomes,
such
as
passivity
and
increased
fear,
that
follow
an
uncontrollable
adverse
event,
but
do
not
when
event
is
controllable.
The
original
explanation
argued
events
are
the
animal
learns
outcomes
independent
of
its
behavior,
this
active
ingredient
in
producing
effects.
Controllable
events,
contrast,
fail
produce
these
because
they
lack
uncontrollability
element.
Recent
work
on
neural
basis
helplessness,
however,
takes
opposite
view.
Prolonged
exposure
aversive
stimulation
per
se
produces
debilitation
by
potent
activation
serotonergic
neurons
brainstem
dorsal
raphe
nucleus.
Debilitation
prevented
with
instrumental
controlling
response,
which
activates
prefrontal
circuitry
detecting
control
subsequently
blunting
nucleus
response.
Furthermore,
learning
alters
response
future
thereby
preventing
long-term
resiliency.
general
implications
neuroscience
findings
may
apply
psychological
therapy
prevention,
particular
suggesting
importance
cognitions
control,
rather
than
habits
control.
Journal of Affective Disorders,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
361, P. 198 - 208
Published: May 27, 2024
Improving
safe
and
effective
access
to
ketamine
therapy
is
of
high
priority
given
the
growing
burden
mental
illness.
Telehealth-supported
administration
sublingual
being
explored
toward
this
goal.
In
longitudinal
study,
moderately-to-severely
depressed
patients
received
four
doses
at
home
over
weeks
within
a
supportive
digital
health
context.
Treatment
was
structured
resemble
methods
therapeutic
psychedelic
trials.
Patients
receiving
second
course
treatment
were
also
examined.
Symptoms
assessed
using
Patient
Health
Questionnaire
(PHQ-9)
for
depression.
We
conducted
preregistered
machine
learning
symptom
network
analyses
investigate
outcomes
(osf.io/v2rpx).
A
sample
11,441
analyzed,
demonstrating
modal
antidepressant
response
from
both
non-severe
(n
=
6384,
55.8
%)
severe
2070,
18.1
baseline
depression
levels.
Adverse
events
detected
in
3.0–4.8
%
participants
predominantly
neurologic
or
psychiatric
nature.
helped
extend
improvements
who
responded
favorably
initial
treatment.
Improvement
most
strongly
predicted
by
lower
scores
age
baseline.
Depressed
mood
Anhedonia
sustained
despite
ongoing
This
study
limited
absence
comparison
control
groups
lack
fixed-dose
procedure
administration.
At-home,
telehealth-supported
largely
safe,
well-tolerated,
associated
with
improvement
Strategies
combining
psychedelic-oriented
therapies
rigorous
telehealth
models,
as
here,
may
uniquely
address
barriers
