Lesion Studies in Contemporary Neuroscience

Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 23(8), P. 653 - 671

Published: July 3, 2019

Language: Английский

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Revisiting the Functional Anatomy of the Human Brain: Toward a Meta-Networking Theory of Cerebral Functions

Physiological Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 100(3), P. 1181 - 1228

Published: Feb. 20, 2020

For more than one century, brain processing was mainly thought in a localizationist framework, which given function underpinned by discrete, isolated cortical area, and with similar cerebral organization across individuals. However, advances mapping techniques humans have provided new insights into the organizational principles of anatomo-functional architecture. Here, we review recent findings gained from neuroimaging, electrophysiological, as well lesion studies. Based on these data connectome, challenge traditional, outdated view propose an alternative meta-networking theory. This model holds that complex cognitions behaviors arise spatiotemporal integration distributed but relatively specialized networks underlying conation cognition (e.g., language, spatial cognition). Dynamic interactions between such circuits result perpetual succession equilibrium states, opening door to considerable interindividual behavioral variability neuroplastic phenomena. Indeed, underlies uniquely human propensity learn abilities, also explains how postlesional reshaping can lead some degrees functional compensation brain-damaged patients. We discuss major implications this approach fundamental neurosciences for clinical developments, especially neurology, psychiatry, neurorehabilitation, restorative neurosurgery.

Language: Английский

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Structural Disconnections Explain Brain Network Dysfunction after Stroke

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 28(10), P. 2527 - 2540.e9

Published: Sept. 1, 2019

Stroke causes focal brain lesions that disrupt functional connectivity (FC), a measure of activity synchronization, throughout distributed networks. It is often assumed FC disruptions reflect damage to specific cortical regions. However, an alternative explanation they the structural disconnection (SDC) white matter pathways. Here, we compare these explanations using data from 114 stroke patients. Across multiple analyses, find SDC measures outperform measures, including putative critical regions, for explaining associated with stroke. We also identify core mode structure-function covariation links severity interhemispheric SDCs widespread across patients and correlates deficits in behavioral domains. conclude lesion's impact on connectome what determines its may play particularly important role mediating after

Language: Английский

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A technical review of canonical correlation analysis for neuroscience applications

Human Brain Mapping, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 41(13), P. 3807 - 3833

Published: June 27, 2020

Collecting comprehensive data sets of the same subject has become a standard in neuroscience research and uncovering multivariate relationships among collected have gained significant attentions recent years. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) is one powerful tools to jointly investigate multiple sets, which can uncover disease or environmental effects various modalities simultaneously characterize changes during development, aging, progressions comprehensively. In past 10 years, despite an increasing number studies utilized CCA analysis, simple conventional dominates these applications. Multiple CCA-variant techniques been proposed improve model performance; however, complicated formulations not well-known capabilities delayed their wide Therefore, this study, review its variant provided. Detailed technical formulation with analytical numerical solutions, current applications research, advantages limitations each CCA-related technique are discussed. Finally, general guideline how select most appropriate based on properties available particularly targeted questions

Language: Английский

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Lesion Quantification Toolkit: A MATLAB software tool for estimating grey matter damage and white matter disconnections in patients with focal brain lesions

NeuroImage Clinical, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 30, P. 102639 - 102639

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Lesion studies are an important tool for cognitive neuroscientists and neurologists. However, while brain lesion have traditionally aimed to localize neurological symptoms specific anatomical loci, a growing body of evidence indicates that diseases such as stroke best conceptualized network disorders. While researchers in the fields neuroscience neurology therefore increasingly interested quantifying effects focal lesions on white matter connections form brain's structural connectome, few dedicated tools exist facilitate this endeavor. Here, we present Quantification Toolkit, publicly available MATLAB software package impacts lesions. The Toolkit uses atlas-based approaches estimate parcel-level grey loads multiple measures disconnection severity include tract-level measures, voxel-wise maps, parcel-wise matrices. toolkit also estimates lesion-induced increases lengths shortest paths between parcel pairs, which provide information about changes higher-order topology. We describe detail each different produced by toolkit, discuss their applications considerations relevant use, perform example analyses using real behavioral data collected from sub-acute patients. show performed produce results highly consistent with been reported prior literature, demonstrate consistency obtained conducted toolkit. anticipate will empower address research questions would be difficult or impossible traditional alone, ultimately, lead advances our understanding how disconnections contribute cognitive, behavioral, physiological consequences

Language: Английский

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Post-stroke outcomes predicted from multivariate lesion-behaviour and lesion network mapping

Brain, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 145(4), P. 1338 - 1353

Published: Jan. 10, 2022

Abstract Clinicians and scientists alike have long sought to predict the course severity of chronic post-stroke cognitive motor outcomes, as ability do so would inform treatment rehabilitation strategies. However, it remains difficult make accurate predictions about outcomes due, in large part, high inter-individual variability recovery a reliance on clinical heuristics rather than empirical methods. The neuroanatomical location stroke is key variable associated with long-term because lesion can be derived from routinely collected neuroimaging data there an opportunity use this information empirically based deficits. For example, compared statistically weighted multivariate lesion-behaviour maps regions that, when damaged, are specific deficits aggregated outcome cohorts. Here, our goal was evaluate whether we leverage two cohorts individuals focal brain lesions 12-month independent sample patients. Further, evaluated could augment these by estimating structural functional networks disrupted association each map through network mapping, which normative connectivity neurologically healthy elucidate lesion-associated networks. We using anatomical strongest impairment for results. These peak regional findings became ‘seeds’ generate networks, approach that offers potentially greater precision previously used single-lesion approaches. Next, sample, quantified overlap mapping how much variance explain behavioural latent growth curve statistical model. found lesion-deficit modality able significant amount outcomes. Both were beyond mapping. Functional performed best prediction language deficits, Altogether, results support notion combined improve at 12-months.

Language: Английский

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Mapping human brain lesions and their functional consequences

NeuroImage, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 165, P. 180 - 189

Published: Oct. 16, 2017

Language: Английский

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A hitchhiker's guide to lesion-behaviour mapping

Neuropsychologia, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 115, P. 5 - 16

Published: Oct. 23, 2017

Language: Английский

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Corrections for multiple comparisons in voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping

Neuropsychologia, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 115, P. 112 - 123

Published: Aug. 27, 2017

Language: Английский

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Relative contributions of lesion location and lesion size to predictions of varied language deficits in post-stroke aphasia

NeuroImage Clinical, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 20, P. 1129 - 1138

Published: Jan. 1, 2018

Despite the widespread use of lesion-symptom mapping (LSM) techniques to study associations between location brain damage and language deficits, prediction deficits from lesion remains a substantial challenge. The present examined several factors which may impact by (1) testing relative predictive advantage general deficit scores compared composite that capture specific types, (2) isolating contribution size, (3) comparing standard voxel-based (VLSM) with multivariate method (sparse canonical correlation analysis, SCCAN). Analyses were conducted on data 128 participants who completed detailed battery psycholinguistic tests underwent structural neuroimaging (MRI or CT) determine location. For both VLSM SCCAN, overall aphasia severity (Western Aphasia Battery Quotient) object naming primarily predicted whereas in Speech Production Recognition better combination size implementation SCCAN raises important considerations regarding controlling for analyses. These findings suggest is more accurate within neurally-localized cognitive systems when are considered broad functional can be alone.

Language: Английский

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