Comprehensive Assessment of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Pollution in a Coastal Region: Contributions from Nearshore and Offshore Sources

Water, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 149 - 149

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have become a well-known class of anthropogenic pollutants in coastal regions. It is known that PFAS primarily enter the sea from nearshore sources, dry deposition, wet deposition. However, contribution offshore sources to pollution remains poorly understood. Our study aims investigate occurrence 74 across 15 groups region eastern China characterize their spatial distribution by focusing on critical roles both sources. Results revealed 26 were detected (i.e., Ou River Wenzhou Bay), with detection frequencies ranging 4.3% 100.0%. Notably, over 10 for first time region, such as perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA), hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA), 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic (6:2 FTSA), among others. The concentrations ranged 0.0018 76.31 ng/L, perfluorooctanoic (PFOA) dominant congener. Spatial analysis indicated area was more severely polluted compared area, specific hotspots identified near industrialized areas. certain PFAS, perfluorobutane (PFBS) perfluoro-3,6-dioxaheptanoic (PFDHA), exhibited contrasting pattern, higher observed island perimeters. These findings suggest Bay originates highlighting complex interplay between island-related activities.

Language: Английский

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Computational Study of the Gas-Phase Thermal Degradation and the Reaction Rate Coefficients of Perfluoroalkyl Ether Carboxylic Acids

The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Perfluoroalkyl ether carboxylic acids (PFECA), which are replacements for legacy per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS), exhibit undesirable properties often require thermal remediation. Detailed kinetic evaluation of the pyrolysis PFECA was achieved computationally using density functional ωB97xD/6-311+G (d,p) to establish homolytic bond dissociation energies acid carboxylate forms ∼90-100 kcal/mol as low 65 ± 3 kcal/mol, respectively. The negatively charged oxygenated radical products collapse with activation (Ea) Ea(β-scission) ∼ 12-42 Ea(1,2-F-shift) 24-47 Ea(oxygen atom-shift) 33-35 enthalpies (ΔH) ΔH(F-loss) 56-71 kcal/mol. perfluoroalkoxyl intermediates transform via Ea(β scission) 2-9 Ea(F-loss) 25-43 have lifetimes in microsecond-to-nanosecond range at 1000 K 1 atm, some radicals stable hours or even days respect unimolecular processes. results provide new fundamental thermodynamic parameters partitioning degradation pathways specific structure-activity relationships intermediates, leading final products. These critical modeling treatment related PFAS.

Language: Английский

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Research Progress in Current and Emerging Issues of PFASs’ Global Impact: Long-Term Health Effects and Governance of Food Systems

Foods, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 958 - 958

Published: March 11, 2025

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are found everywhere, including food, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals. This review introduces PFASs comprehensively, discussing their nature identifying interconnection with microplastics impacts on public health the environment. The human cost of decades delay, cover-ups, mismanagement plastic waste is outlined briefly explained. Following that, long-term effects critically assessed. Risk assessment then reviewed, mentioning different tools models. Scientific research in United States America analyzed, taking into consideration Center for Disease Control (CDC)'s PFAS Medical Studies Guidelines. impact activities studies around world have focused levels food products dietary intake countries such as China, European countries, USA Australia. Moreover, drinking water regard to risks, mitigation, regulatory needs, account chemical contaminants safety. Finally, briefings specific regions discussed, referring Australia, Vietnam, Canada, Europe, (USA), South America, Africa. crisis a multifaceted issue, exacerbated by mismanagement, it discussed context applying following problem-solving analytical tools: Domino Effect Model accident causation, Swiss Cheese Theory Model, Ishikawa Fish Bone Root Cause Analysis. Last but not least, PFASs' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2030 rigorously discussed.

Language: Английский

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Hidden Contaminants: The Presence of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Remote Regions

Environments, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 88 - 88

Published: March 13, 2025

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are increasingly detected in remote environments. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the types concentrations PFAS found air, water, soil, sediments, ice, precipitation across different environments globally. Most recent studies on occurrence have been conducted for Arctic, Antarctica, regions China. Elevated perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) Meretta Resolute Lakes reflects impact local sources like airports, while lakes located such as East Antarctica Canadian High Arctic suggest atmospheric deposition primary input. Long-chain (≥C7) accumulate short-chain remain shown Hulun Lake. Oceanic concentrated surface waters, driven by deposition, with PFOA PFOS dominating oceans due current emissions legacy contamination. Coastal areas display higher levels from sources. sediment analysis highlights ocean transport significant contributors. Antarctic coastal biological input, notably penguins. The Tibetan Plateau data confirm long-range transport, linear favoring gaseous states, branched more likely associate particulates. Climatic factors Indian monsoon temperature fluctuations affect deposition. Short-chain prevalent snowpacks, serving temporary reservoirs. Mountainous regions, Plateau, act cold traps, accumulating precursors. Future should focus identifying quantifying PFAS.

Language: Английский

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Solid-phase microextraction with recessed matrix compatible coating for in situ sampling of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in meat

Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 480, P. 143891 - 143891

Published: March 15, 2025

This study presents a novel method for in situ extraction of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from intact meat samples using recessed solid phase microextraction (SPME) device coupled with LC-MS/MS. The SPME matrix-compatible coating (HLB-WAX/PAN) the section, exhibited mechanically robust low matrix effects (-13.7-11.1 %). Key parameters influencing efficiency, including time, adsorbent amount, temperature, desorption time were comprehensively optimized. stability PFAS adsorbed onto during storage at different temperatures durations was also assessed. Under optimized conditions, proposed demonstrated applicability across pork, beef, lamb tissues excellent linearity (R2 ≥ 99.32 %), good sensitivity (LOD range 0.01-1.52 ng/g), as well acceptable accuracy reproducibility (intra-day inter-day). Compared conventional methods, SPME-LC-MS/MS shows advantages simple operation, short organic solvent consumption effects. approach offers straightforward reliable solution direct monitoring commercial has potential on-site application.

Language: Английский

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