The Costs and Benefits of Plant–Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Interactions

Annual Review of Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 73(1), P. 649 - 672

Published: Feb. 26, 2022

The symbiotic interaction between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi is often perceived as beneficial for both partners, though a large ecological literature highlights the context dependency of this interaction. Changes in abiotic variables, such nutrient availability, can drive along mutualism-parasitism continuum with variable outcomes plant growth fitness. However, AM benefit more ways than improved phosphorus nutrition growth. For example, promote biotic stress tolerance even when considered parasitic from provision perspective. Other being obligate biotrophs, very little known about benefits gain plants. In review, we utilize molecular biology approaches to expand our understanding plant-AM fungal across disciplines.

Language: Английский

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Breeding toward improved ecological plant–microbiome interactions

Trends in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 27(11), P. 1134 - 1143

Published: July 6, 2022

Language: Английский

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Co‐evolution within the plant holobiont drives host performance

EMBO Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(9)

Published: July 20, 2023

Plants interact with a diversity of microorganisms that influence their growth and resilience, they can therefore be considered as ecological entities, namely "plant holobionts," rather than singular organisms. In plant holobiont, the assembly above- belowground microbiota is ruled by host, microbial, environmental factors. Upon microorganism perception, plants activate immune signaling resulting in secretion factors modulate composition. Additionally, metabolic interdependencies antagonism between microbes are driving forces for community assemblies. We argue complex plant-microbe intermicrobial interactions have been selected during evolution may promote survival fitness associated holobionts. As part this process, evolved metabolite-mediated strategies to selectively recruit beneficial microbiota. Some these members show host-adaptation, from which mutualism rapidly arise. also co-evolved antagonistic activities restrict proliferation high pathogenic potential prevent disease development. Co-evolution within holobionts thus ultimately drives performance.

Language: Английский

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The Importance of the Glomus Genus as a Potential Candidate for Sustainable Agriculture Under Arid Environments: A Review

International Journal of Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 32 - 32

Published: March 3, 2025

Drought and salinity are major factors that hinder crop cultivation significantly impair agricultural productivity, particularly in (semi)arid regions. These two abiotic constraints cause deterioration soil structure reduced fertility hamper plant growth by limiting access to mineral elements water, thereby threatening global food security. What’s more, the excessive, long-term use of chemical fertilizers boost productivity can disrupt balance ecosystems, health. Faced with these challenges, sustainable exploitation natural resources, particular rhizospheric microorganisms, is an environmentally friendly solution. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi play important role as biofertilizers due their symbiotic relationship roots nearly 80% plants. They promote not only host plants but also resistance stresses. Among fungi, Glomus genus stands out for its predominance plants’ rhizosphere thanks richness high-performance species ecological adaptability. This review highlights importance within this soils, terrestrial ecosystems subject (semi-)arid climates. Molecular mechanisms underlying tolerance drought salt stress symbiosis explored.

Language: Английский

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Plant nitrogen nutrition: The roles of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Journal of Plant Physiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 269, P. 153591 - 153591

Published: Dec. 14, 2021

Language: Английский

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The “beauty in the beast”—the multiple uses of Priestia megaterium in biotechnology

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 105(14-15), P. 5719 - 5737

Published: July 15, 2021

Abstract Over 30 years, the Gram-positive bacterium Priestia megaterium (previously known as Bacillus ) was systematically developed for biotechnological applications ranging from production of small molecules like vitamin B 12 , over polymers polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) up to in vivo and vitro synthesis multiple proteins finally whole-cell applications. Here we describe use natural (cobalamin) producer P. elucidation biosynthetic pathway subsequent systematic knowledge-based development purposes. The formation PHB, a product potential petro-plastic substitute, is covered discussed. Further important characteristics recombinant protein including high secretion capacity simple cultivation on value-added carbon sources are outlined. This includes advanced system with almost commercially available expression vectors intracellular extracellular at g/L scale. We also revealed novel transcription-translation complementary versatile tool kit. As an impressive biotechnology application, various cytochrome P450 critically highlighted. Finally, whole cellular plant protection completing overall picture giant cell factory . Key points • biosynthesis through reviewed. can act promising alternative host processes.

Language: Английский

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Greater chemical signaling in root exudates enhances soil mutualistic associations in invasive plants compared to natives

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 236(3), P. 1140 - 1153

Published: May 31, 2022

Summary Invasive plants can change soil properties resulting in improved growth. Although invaders are known to alter chemistry, it remains unclear if chemicals secreted by roots facilitate invasive plant–soil mutualisms. With up 19 confamilial pairs of and native plants, most which were congeners, we explored the root exudate‐induced changes plant–arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal We found that, relative natives, had greater AM colonization, biomass their exudates contained higher concentrations two common chemical signals – quercetin strigolactones stimulate growth colonization. An exudate exchange experiment showed that from increased colonization more than natives. However, application activated carbon led reduction plant for suggesting stronger effects invaders. show nonnative promote interactions with mutualists via enhancing chemicals, could have important implications invasion success.

Language: Английский

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Root metabolome of plant–arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis mirrors the mutualistic or parasitic mycorrhizal phenotype

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 234(2), P. 672 - 687

Published: Jan. 28, 2022

The symbiosis of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) with plants, the most ancient and widespread association, exhibits phenotypes that range from mutualism to parasitism. However, we still lack an understanding cellular-level mechanisms differentiate regulate these phenotypes. We assessed modulation in growth parameters root metabolome two sorghum accessions inoculated AMF species (Rhizophagus irregularis, Gigaspora gigantea), alone a mixture under phosphorus (P) limiting conditions. Rhizophagus irregularis exhibited mutualistic phenotype increased P uptake plant growth. This positive outcome was associated facilitatory metabolic response including higher abundance organic acids specialized metabolites critical maintaining functional symbiosis. G. gigantea parasitic led depression resulted inhibitory responses p-hydroxyphenylacetaldoxime antifungal properties. These findings suggest differential plant-AMF could be regulated by or reflected changes arises interaction specific species. A symbiotic association prevailed when host plants were exposed AMF. Our results provide metabolome-level landscape highlight importance identity both crop genotypes facilitating

Language: Английский

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Multilevel approach to plant–nanomaterial relationships: from cells to living ecosystems

Journal of Experimental Botany, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 74(12), P. 3406 - 3424

Published: March 22, 2023

Abstract Due to their unique properties, nanomaterials behave peculiarly in biosystems. Regarding plants, the interactions of can be interpreted on a spatial scale: from local cells systemic effects whole plants and ecosystems. Interpreted time scale, may immediate or subsequent. At cellular level, composition structure cell wall membranes are modified by nanomaterials, promoting internalization. The germination seedling physiology primary secondary metabolism shoot realized at organ organism levels. Nanomaterials interact with beneficial ecological partners plants. plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria legume–rhizobia symbiosis stimulating inhibitory, depending concentration type nanomaterial. exert negative effect arbuscular mycorrhiza, vice versa. Pollinators exposed which affect reproduction. substances released roots influence availability rhizosphere, components trigger internalization, translocation, transformation nanomaterials. Understanding multilevel bidirectional relationship between is great relevance.

Language: Английский

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Metabolomics reveals arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-mediated tolerance of walnut to soil drought

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Feb. 28, 2023

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have a positive effect on drought tolerance of plants after establishing reciprocal resymbiosis with roots, while the underlying mechanism is not deciphered. Metabolomics can explain plant response to environmental stress by analyzing changes all small molecular weight metabolites. The purpose this study was use Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography Q Exactive Mass Spectrometer analyze in root metabolites walnut (Juglans regia) inoculation an arbuscular fungus Diversispora spurca under well-watered (WW) and (DS).Sixty days soil significantly inhibited colonization rate, shoot biomass production, leaf water potential walnut, AMF increased production potential, accompanied higher increase magnitude DS versus WW. A total 3278 were identified. Under WW, up-regulated 172 down-regulated 61 metabolites, along no 1104 However, DS, 49 116 coupled 1172 Among them, juglone (a quinone found walnuts) as first ranked differential metabolite WW but DS; 2,3,5-trihydroxy-5-7-dimethoxyflavanone KEGG annotation showed large number metabolic pathways triggered AMF, different DS. oxidative phosphorylation phenylalanine metabolism biosynthesis where N-acetyl-L-phenylalanine induced decreasing WW.This provides new insights into mechanisms mycorrhiza-enhanced walnuts.

Language: Английский

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