Synaptic connectome of a neurosecretory network in the Drosophila brain

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 29, 2024

Abstract Hormones mediate inter-organ signaling which is crucial in orchestrating diverse behaviors and physiological processes including sleep activity, feeding, growth, metabolism reproduction. The pars intercerebralis lateralis insects represent major hubs contain neurosecretory cells (NSC) that produce various hormones. To obtain insight into how hormonal regulated, we have characterized the synaptic connectome of NSC adult Drosophila brain. Identification neurons providing inputs to multiple subtypes implicates diuretic hormone 44-expressing as a coordinator physiology behavior. Surprisingly, despite most having dendrites subesophageal zone (primary taste processing center), gustatory are largely indirect. We also deciphered pathways via olfactory relayed NSC. Further, our analyses revealed substantial from descending NSC, suggesting regulate both endocrine motor output synchronize changes with appropriate behaviors. In contrast inputs, sparse mostly mediated by corazonin Therefore, additionally determine putative paracrine interconnectivity between peripheral tissues analyzing single-cell transcriptomic datasets. Our comprehensive characterization network provides platform understand complex networks they orchestrate animal physiology.

Language: Английский

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Xenacoelomorph Neuropeptidomes Reveal a Major Expansion of Neuropeptide Systems during Early Bilaterian Evolution

Molecular Biology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 35(10), P. 2528 - 2543

Published: Aug. 22, 2018

Neuropeptides are neurosecretory signaling molecules in protostomes and deuterostomes (together Nephrozoa). Little, however, is known about the neuropeptide complement of sister group Nephrozoa, Xenacoelomorpha, which together form Bilateria. Because members xenacoelomorph clades Xenoturbella, Nemertodermatida, Acoela differ extensively their central nervous system anatomy, reconstruction bilaterian complements may provide insights into relationship between evolution peptidergic signaling. Here, we analyzed transcriptomes seven acoels, four nemertodermatids, two Xenoturbella species using motif searches, similarity mass spectrometry phylogenetic analyses to characterize precursors receptors. Our comparison these repertoires with previously reported nephrozoan cnidarian sequences shows that majority annotated GPCRs cnidarians not orthologs specific receptors, suggests most systems evolved after cnidarian–bilaterian evolutionary split. This expansion more than 20 stem leading Bilateria predates complex organs architectures. From this ancient set neuropeptides, acoels show frequent losses correlate divergent anatomy. We furthermore detected emergence novel neuropeptides xenacoelomorphs along nemertodermatid acoel lineages, condensations. Together, our study provides fundamental early systems, will guide future functional comparative studies systems.

Language: Английский

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Hunger- and thirst-sensing neurons modulate a neuroendocrine network to coordinate sugar and water ingestion

eLife, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: June 15, 2023

Consumption of food and water is tightly regulated by the nervous system to maintain internal nutrient homeostasis. Although generally considered independently, interactions between hunger thirst drives are important coordinate competing needs. In Drosophila , four neurons called interoceptive subesophageal zone (ISNs) respond intrinsic signals oppositely regulate sucrose ingestion. Here, we investigate neural circuit downstream ISNs examine how ingestion based on Utilizing recently available fly brain connectome, find that synapse with a novel cell-type bilateral T-shaped neuron (BiT) projects neuroendocrine centers. vivo manipulations revealed BiT regulates sugar Neuroendocrine cells include several peptide-releasing peptide-sensing neurons, including insulin producing (IPCs), crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP) CCHamide-2 receptor isoform RA (CCHa2R-RA) neurons. These contribute differentially water, IPCs CCAP regulating ingestion, CCHa2R-RA modulating only Thus, decision consume or occurs via regulation broad peptidergic network integrates nutritional state generate nutrient-specific

Language: Английский

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Hunger- and thirst-sensing neurons modulate a neuroendocrine network to coordinate sugar and water ingestion

eLife, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Sept. 21, 2023

Consumption of food and water is tightly regulated by the nervous system to maintain internal nutrient homeostasis. Although generally considered independently, interactions between hunger thirst drives are important coordinate competing needs. In Drosophila , four neurons called interoceptive subesophageal zone (ISNs) respond intrinsic signals oppositely regulate sucrose ingestion. Here, we investigate neural circuit downstream ISNs examine how ingestion based on Utilizing recently available fly brain connectome, find that synapse with a novel cell-type bilateral T-shaped neuron (BiT) projects neuroendocrine centers. vivo manipulations revealed BiT regulates sugar Neuroendocrine cells include several peptide-releasing peptide-sensing neurons, including insulin producing (IPCs), crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP) CCHamide-2 receptor isoform RA (CCHa2R-RA) neurons. These contribute differentially water, IPCs CCAP regulating ingestion, CCHa2R-RA modulating only Thus, decision consume or occurs via regulation broad peptidergic network integrates nutritional state generate nutrient-specific

Language: Английский

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Gene expression differences consistent with water loss reduction underlie desiccation tolerance of natural Drosophila populations

BMC Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Feb. 16, 2023

Climate change is one of the main factors shaping distribution and biodiversity organisms, among others by greatly altering water availability, thus exposing species ecosystems to harsh desiccation conditions. However, most studies so far have focused on effects increased temperature. Integrating transcriptomics physiology key advancing our knowledge how cope with stress, these are still best accomplished in model organisms.Here, we characterized natural variation European D. melanogaster populations across climate zones found that strains from arid regions were similar or more tolerant compared temperate regions. Tolerant sensitive differed not only their transcriptomic response stress but also basal expression levels. We further showed gene changes correlated physiological cuticular hydrocarbon composition, functionally validated three candidate genes identified. Transposable elements, which known influence be enriched nearby differentially expressed genes. Finally, identified several tRNA-derived small RNA fragments targeted stress.Overall, results differences individuals should analyzed if understand genetic basis differential survival. Moreover, appear relevant responses allow for identification stress-response detected at transcriptional level.

Language: Английский

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