Novel Strategies for Designing Climate‐Smart Crops to Ensure Sustainable Agriculture and Future Food Security

Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 4(2)

Published: March 31, 2025

ABSTRACT To fulfil food and nutritional demand for nine billion people by the mid‐21st century, global production must increase 60% regardless of challenges such as environmental pollution, water scarcity land degradation. Climate change exacerbates frequency intensity biotic abiotic stresses, which, in turn, severely compromise crop yields, jeopardize supply, deteriorate sustainable development goals achieving safety, limit climate‐smart production. Current consumption practices negatively influence environment, posing a major threat to ecosystem human health. Addressing these critical issues achieve agriculture necessitates designing future crops employing cutting‐edge breeding strategies enhanced productivity with minimal footprints. This endeavour requires comprehensive understanding plant stress adaptation, signalling pathways mitigation mechanisms. In this review, we first explain diverse impacts ongoing climate events on Subsequently, outline various tackle change, including agronomic practices, advanced technologies physiological molecular mechanisms tolerance. We also discuss engineering superior tolerance disease resistance nurturing healthy microbial partnerships between plants soil ensure nutrition security current populations amidst mounting challenges.

Language: Английский

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Comprehensive Metabolomic Profiling of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Reveals Biomarkers Involved in Viral Disease Detection and Monitoring

International Journal of Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 43 - 43

Published: April 7, 2025

Common bean production is crucial in Western Kenya due to its economic, nutritional, environmental, and cultural importance. However, challenges such as diseases, especially viral cause significant crop losses. This study sought identify potential biomarkers for BCMV BCMNV diseases by analyzing small molecule metabolites diseased common systems gain an understanding of related metabolic pathways. Virus-free Rosecoco cultivars were planted exposed specific regions, with healthy plants serving controls. Diseased leaves collected metabolite extraction analyzed using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. A total 354 identified across seven pathways, 51 upregulated metabolites, primarily from fatty acids, terpenoids, alkaloids. Ten differentially expressed, the molecular structures two successfully determined. These serve disease detection, monitoring, resistance beans. The findings highlight role acids well importance regional variability plant hormone regulation response stress, suggesting that further research into these pathways will be essential defense mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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Comprehensive transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis revealed drought tolerance regulatory pathways in upland cotton

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 17, 2025

Cotton is a kind of cash crop widely planted in arid and semi-arid areas. In this study, we performed multi-omics analysis two drought resistant extreme materials, Yumian 4 C460, under stress. Transcriptome showed that DY (post-drought stress 4) had more differentially expressed genes than DC C460), there were 10247 DEGs the comparison groups. Metabolomics identified 1766 metabolites, which divided into 12 classes. The up-regulated metabolites mainly included lipid accumulation, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, flavonoids. combined transcriptome metabolome highlighted importance biosynthesis enhancing tolerance. Combining omics analysis, it was found enrichment pathway differential phenylpropane pathway, contains 23 related candidate genes. summary, results resistance cotton materials they enhanced by affecting pathways. Promote accumulation osmotic substances. further deepen our understanding molecular mechanism tolerance provide new insights for breeding cotton.

Language: Английский

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Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Vital Role of ABA Plays in Drought Tolerance of the ABA-Insensitive Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 406 - 406

Published: Feb. 20, 2024

Drought stress severely affects alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) growth and production. It is particularly important to analyze the key networks of drought in through physiological molecular levels. However, how quickly screen drought-tolerant germplasm elucidate pathways responding are less studied. In this study, based on our previous research, we further verified association between heritability ABA sensitivity during seed germination tolerance plants identified differences ABA-sensitivity (S1-0) -insensitivity (S1-50) via RNA-seq analysis. The results showed that seeds can be inherited insensitive show stronger tolerance. An analysis differentially expressed genes (DEGs) revealed biosynthesis signaling, amino acid metabolism, LEA, wax synthesis-related may used for improvement alfalfa. DEGs such as NCED, PYR/PYL, PP2C contribute S1-50 plant. study confirms screening with at stage select lines good tolerance, which provides a new theoretical basis breeding. expression response was also tested.

Language: Английский

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Genome‐wide mapping of DNase I hypersensitive sites revealed differential chromatin accessibility and regulatory DNA elements under drought stress in rice cultivars

The Plant Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 119(4), P. 2063 - 2079

Published: June 10, 2024

SUMMARY Drought stress (DS) is one of the major constraints limiting yield in crop plants including rice. Gene regulation under DS largely governed by accessibility transcription factors (TFs) to their cognate cis ‐regulatory elements (CREs). In this study, we used DNase I hypersensitive assays followed sequencing identify accessible chromatin regions a drought‐sensitive (IR64) and drought‐tolerant (N22) rice cultivar. Our results indicated that sites (DHSs) were highly enriched at start (TSSs) numerous DHSs detected promoter regions. concurrent with epigenetic marks genes harboring TSS expressed. addition, induced changes (∆DHSs) positively correlated upregulation several involved drought/abiotic response, those encoding TFs located within drought‐associated quantitative trait loci, much preferentially The CREs representing binding response ∆DHSs, suggesting differential different cultivars, which may be further deployed for enhancing drought tolerance

Language: Английский

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Microbial modulation of hormone signaling, proteomic dynamics, and metabolomics in plant drought adaptation

Food and Energy Security, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Oct. 26, 2023

Abstract The symbiotic synergy between proteome shifts in plants and microbial colonization orchestrates adaptive responses. This thorough review delves into the less explored domain of proteomic metabolomic changes triggered by drought stress, shedding light on how they are influenced interactions with microbiota. Notably, mediation at crossroads hormone signaling, dynamics adaptation emerges as a crucial focal point. Understanding regulatory mechanisms that orchestrate these complex offers holistic view molecular foundation underlying plant's ability to endure water scarcity. insights gained from this exploration hold potential reshape agricultural practices enhance drought‐tolerance through microbiota‐mediated mechanisms, supported insights. As seamlessly integrates latest developments understanding stress responses, microbiota dynamics, proteomics metabolomic, it reveals interconnected basis underlies aspects. Specifically, emphasizes role during adaptation. enhanced intricate among components presents new opportunities for envisioning sustainable approaches face escalating challenges presented intensifying scenarios.

Language: Английский

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Growth adaptation of Nitraria sibirica in drought: Hormone-mediated flavonoid accumulation, altered metabolic pathways, and decreased network complexity

Environmental and Experimental Botany, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 221, P. 105720 - 105720

Published: March 5, 2024

Language: Английский

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Joint transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis provides new insights into drought resistance in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus)

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: May 3, 2024

Introduction Watermelon is an annual vine of the family Cucurbitaceae . plants produce a fruit that people love and have important nutritional economic value. With global warming deterioration ecological environment, abiotic stresses, including drought, become factors impact yield quality watermelon plants. Previous research on drought resistance has included analyzing homologous genes based known drought-responsive pathways in other species. Methods However, identifying key involved through high-throughput omics methods particularly important. In this study, RNA-seq metabolomic analysis were performed at five time points (0 h, 1 6 12 h 24 h) before after stress. Results Transcriptomic revealed 7829 differentially expressed (DEGs) points. The DEGs grouped into clusters using k-means clustering algorithm. functional category for each cluster was annotated Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes Genomes (KEGG) database; different associated with A total 949 metabolites divided 10 categories, lipids lipid-like molecules accounting most metabolites. Differential expression 22 regulated (DRMs) among Through joint metabolome data, 6-h period identified as critical resistance, starch sucrose metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction photosynthesis regulatory resistance. addition, 15 candidate combined weighted correlation network (WGCNA). Four these encode transcription factors, bHLH ( Cla97C03G068160 ), MYB Cla97C01G002440 HSP Cla97C02G033390 ) GRF Cla97C02G042620 one gene ABA pathway, SnRK2-4 Cla97C10G186750 GP-2 Cla97C05G105810 which metabolism pathway. Discussion summary, our study provides theoretical basis elucidating molecular mechanisms underlying new genetic resources crop.

Language: Английский

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Acetylation proteomics and metabolomics analyses reveal the involvement of starch synthase undergoing acetylation modification during UV-B stress resistance in Rhododendron Chrysanthum Pall

Hereditas, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 161(1)

Published: May 3, 2024

Abstract Background Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall. ( R. ) is a plant that lives in high mountain with strong UV-B radiation, so possess resistance to radiation. The process of stress plants closely related metabolism. Lysine acetylation an important post-translational modification, and this modification involved variety biological processes, affected the expression enzymes metabolic processes. However, little known about proteomics during . Results In study, OJIP curves indicated damaged receptor side PSII reaction center, decrease photosynthesis, sucrose content increase starch content. A total 807 differentially expressed proteins, 685 acetylated proteins 945 sites were identified by quantitative proteomic histological analysis. According COG subcellular location analyses, DEPs carbohydrate metabolism had roles concentrated chloroplasts. KEGG analyses showed enriched pathways. Analysis histology pathways underwent levels up-regulated. Further analysis only GBSS SSGBSS changed after undergoing modification. Metabolomics metabolite under stress. Conclusions Decreased photosynthesis stress, which turn affects synthesis, undergoes level upregulated, promotes making resistant

Language: Английский

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Ecophysiological, transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses shed light on the response mechanism of Bruguiera gymnorhiza to upwelling stress

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 215, P. 109074 - 109074

Published: Aug. 27, 2024

Language: Английский

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