A Novel Deep Learning Approach for Accurate Cancer Type and Subtype Identification

IEEE Access, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12, P. 94116 - 94134

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Cancer is a disease where abnormal cells grow uncontrollably and spread to other body parts. It can originate anywhere in the human body, which consists of trillions cells. These continually divide, replenishing body's needs. As age or sustain damage, they naturally undergo apoptosis, allowing new take their place. Our research uses secondary dataset from Kaggle, comprising over 130,000 images representing various cancer types. We have developed novel Deep-learning model capable detecting classifying at early stages with remarkable accuracy. The classifies eight primary types 26 subtypes, each represented by 5,000 images. approach combines computational tools, including pre-trained Convolutional Neural Networks, Machine learning, Deep learning classifiers such as KNN SVM, innovative multimodal architectures merged CNN-LSTM hybrids. applied two distinct classification strategies. In our first approach, main class subclass are classified together. second predicts classes then subclasses concerning classification, achieved higher accuracy for Lymphoma than CNNs. Finally, X-OR gate-based fusion technique after prediction significantly reduces misclassifications enhances certainty findings reveal great levels 99.25% classifications 97.80% classifications. introduction models, Vception (VGG + Inception) Vmobilnet MobileNet), integrated LSTM, further advances diagnostic capabilities. Again, By utilizing an gate post-prediction Vmobilenet we 99.95% 99.13%, boosting confidence. Moreover, individually, 97.14% using PCA. This study not only sets benchmark detection but also promises improve patient care treatment outcomes significantly.

Language: Английский

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Alpha-linolenic acid-mediated epigenetic reprogramming of cervical cancer cell lines

Epigenetics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: Feb. 2, 2025

Cervical cancer, the fourth most common cancer globally and second prevalent among women in India, is primarily caused by Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). The association of diet with etiology prevention has been well established nutrition shown to regulate through modulation epigenetic markers. Dietary fatty acids, especially omega-3, reduce risk preventing or reversing progression a variety cellular targets, including regulation. In this work, we have evaluated potential ALA (α linolenic acid), an ω-3 acid, cervical mechanisms. effect was on regulation histone deacetylases1, DNA methyltransferases 1, 3b, global methylation ELISA. RT-PCR utilized assess expression tumor regulatory genes (hTERT, DAPK, RARβ, CDH1) their promoter HeLa (HPV18-positive), SiHa (HPV16-positive) C33a (HPV-negative) cell lines. increased demethylase, HMTs, HATs while decreasing methylation, DNMT, HDMs, HDACs mRNA expression/activity all downregulated hTERT oncogene upregulating TSGs (Tumor Suppressor Genes) CDH1, DAPK reduced 5' CpG island DAPK1 promoters These results suggest that regulates growth cells targeting markers, shedding light its therapeutic role management.

Language: Английский

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Prevention and control of HPV-related cancers in people living with HIV

The Lancet HIV, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Evolution and future of cervical cancer screening: from cytology to primary HPV testing and the impact of vaccination

Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 29, 2025

Cervical cancer remains a significant global health challenge despite decades of progress in screening and prevention. Global cervical practices vary substantially, with many countries still relying on cytology-based methods, evidence supporting the superior performance human papillomavirus (HPV)-based screening. This review explores historical evolution as well current landscape policies screening, focus Western countries. We discuss gradual transition from cytology to HPV DNA testing primary method, while recognizing continuing role triage method. also argue that vaccination will have transformative impact practices, necessitating need for adapting strategies post-vaccination world. The become increasingly limited due its diminished effectiveness post-HPV vaccination, abnormal results likely be false positives. could lead unnecessary procedures, underscoring adjustments align fact precancerous lesions exceedingly rare.

Language: Английский

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Relationship between p16/ki67 immunoscores and PAX1/ZNF582 methylation status in precancerous and cancerous cervical lesions in high-risk HPV-positive women

BMC Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Sept. 20, 2024

Language: Английский

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The current state of DNA methylation biomarkers in self-collected liquid biopsies for the early detection of cervical cancer: a literature review

Infectious Agents and Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: Dec. 18, 2024

Cervical cancer (CC) is a preventable disease and treatable cancer. Most of the new cases deaths from CC occur in Low- Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) due to cultural systematic barriers leading low screening uptake. In recent years, self-sampling has been proposed as method increase uptake slowly being implemented into programmes worldwide. Simultaneously, DNA methylation novel biomarker that could be used for triage self-collected samples test positive high-risk types Human Papillomavirus (HPV). this paper, we conducted literature review studies assessing efficacy markers detect Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) cervicovaginal swabs or urine (2019–2024). Our showed that, available data, together with perform well cytology detection CIN improve reduce loss follow up, especially LMICs. However, more data still needed understand which tests are most efficacious. Future should assess full potential large, diverse cohorts.

Language: Английский

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Extended Genotyping to Stratify the Risk of CIN2+ in Women with Persistent HPV Infection, Negative Cytology and Type 3 Transformation Zone

Cancers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(10), P. 1816 - 1816

Published: May 10, 2024

Persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is recognized as a major risk factor for cervical cancer. Women with persistent HPV and negative cytology are at greater of CIN2+ than women infection. The diagnosis becomes more complicated when the woman has type 3 transformation zone colposcopy. aim this study was to determine prevalence in HPV, TZ3; how stratify CIN2+; what best diagnostic strategy is, given TZ3. Methods: In multicenter retrospective cohort study, we enrolled TZ3 among 213 referred colposcopy HPV. average age 53 years; particular, 83% were postmenopausal women. presence TZ3, entire cannot be explored, making targeted biopsy useless inadequate, great risks underdiagnosis or missed diagnosis. underwent LEEP ensure correct diagnoses. Results: highlighted 19% (16/84) lesions, higher frequency non-HPV 16/18 genotypes (76.2%), 50% lesions being due genotypes. Furthermore, half (80.9%) had normal histopathological results sample. Conclusion. viral persistence, cytology, have genotyping helps risk, but extensive necessary instead partial (16/18), referring population over 50 years old which 16,18 decreases other increases; excessive (only 16 cases out 48 treated), even though clearance after LEEP; p16/Ki67 double staining could potential marker, would only highlight undergo LEEP. To individualize workup treatment minimize under overtreatment, future studies should explore use extended new biomarkers individual stratification.

Language: Английский

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Will methylation assays be part of a full molecular strategy to improve clinical management of cervical neoplasia?

Epigenomics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 5

Published: Sept. 25, 2024

Language: Английский

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The Future of Cervical Cancer Screening

International Journal of Women s Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 16, P. 1715 - 1731

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Cervical cancer remains a significant health concern, particularly in developing countries, where it is leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women. Innovative technologies have emerged to improve the efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and sensitivity cervical screening treatment methods. This study aims explore various approaches for detection human papillomavirus (HPV), dysplasia (CD), cancer, highlighting new updated strategies areas.

Language: Английский

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Estimating HPV16 genome copy number per infected cell in cervical smears

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 14, 2024

Abstract Human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 is the most oncogenic biological agents for humans. However, essential quantitative aspects of its infection cycle remain inadequately characterized. Specifically, proportion infected cells and viral copy number per cell in cervical smears are not well understood. To address this, we employed a combination limiting dilution techniques Bayesian statistics on routine to estimate frequency cell. Our methodology was initially validated through numerical simulations culture experiments. Subsequently, analyzed 38 HPV16-positive smears, comprising 26 samples from patients without cytological lesions 12 with low-grade lesions. findings indicated that substantial variability load across predominantly stemmed differences cells. Additionally, mean HPV copies consistently low all samples, ranging approximately 2.3 100 copies. lesionMarie-Paule Algross, this observed double average. These results challenge existing assumptions regarding biology genital infections, which typically asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic.

Language: Английский

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