Pathogenesis and clinical features of severe hepatitis E virus infection DOI Open Access
László Orosz, Károly Péter Sárvári,

Áron Dernovics

et al.

World Journal of Virology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(2)

Published: June 24, 2024

The hepatitis E virus (HEV), a member of the Hepeviridae family, is small, non-enveloped icosahedral divided into eight distinct genotypes (HEV-1 to HEV-8). Only 1 4 are known cause diseases in humans. Genotypes and 2 commonly spread via fecal-oral transmission, often through consumption contaminated water. 3 infect pigs, deer, wild boars, transferring humans inadequately cooked meat. Acute caused by HEV healthy individuals mostly asymptomatic or associated with minor symptoms, such as jaundice. However, immunosuppressed individuals, disease can progress chronic even escalate cirrhosis. For pregnant women, an infection fulminant liver failure, potential mortality rate 25%. Mortality rates also rise amongst cirrhotic patients when they contract acute infection, which trigger acute-on-chronic failure if layered onto pre-existing disease. As prevalence continues worldwide, highlighting particular risks severe major medical interest. This text offers brief summary characteristics developed patient groups at elevated risk infection.

Language: Английский

Oligonucleotide therapies for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis DOI Creative Commons

Sixu Li,

Feng Xiong, Songbo Zhang

et al.

Molecular Therapy — Nucleic Acids, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 35(2), P. 102184 - 102184

Published: March 30, 2024

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) represents a severe disease subtype of nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) that is thought to be highly associated with systemic metabolic abnormalities. It characterized by series substantial damage, including hepatocellular steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. The end stage NASH, in some cases, may result cirrhosis carcinoma (HCC). Nowadays large number investigations are actively under way test various therapeutic strategies, emerging oligonucleotide drugs (e.g., antisense oligonucleotide, small interfering RNA, microRNA, mimic/inhibitor activating RNA) have shown high potential treating this fatal disease. This article systematically reviews the pathogenesis NASH/NAFLD, promising druggable targets proven current studies chemical compounds or biological drug development, feasibility limitations oligonucleotide-based approaches clinical pre-clinical studies.

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Current Therapeutic Landscape for Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis DOI Open Access

Arun George Devasia,

Adaikalavan Ramasamy, Chen Huei Leo

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(4), P. 1778 - 1778

Published: Feb. 19, 2025

In recent years, “metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease” (MASLD) has been proposed to better connect disease metabolic dysfunction, which is the most common chronic worldwide. MASLD affects more than 30% of individuals globally, and it diagnosed by combination hepatic steatosis obesity, type 2 diabetes, or two risk factors. begins with buildup extra fat, often greater 5%, within liver, causing hepatocytes become stressed. This can proceed a severe form, steatohepatitis (MASH), in 20–30% people, where inflammation causes tissue fibrosis, limits blood flow over time. As fibrosis worsens, MASH may lead cirrhosis, failure, even cancer. While pathophysiology not fully known, current “multiple-hits” concept proposes that dietary lifestyle factors, genetic epigenetic factors contribute elevated oxidative stress inflammation, fibrosis. review article provides an overview pathogenesis evaluates existing therapies as well pharmacological drugs are currently being studied clinical trials for MASH.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
MASLD-Related HCC: A Comprehensive Review of the Trends, Pathophysiology, Tumor Microenvironment, Surveillance, and Treatment Options DOI Creative Commons

Yuming Shi,

Erfan Taherifard, A.I. Saeed

et al.

Current Issues in Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 46(6), P. 5965 - 5983

Published: June 13, 2024

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a significant burden on global healthcare systems due to its considerable incidence and mortality rates. Recent trends indicate an increase in the worldwide of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) shift etiology HCC, with MASLD replacing hepatitis B virus as primary contributor new cases HCC. MASLD-related HCC exhibits distinct characteristics compared viral including unique immune cell profiles resulting overall more immunosuppressive or exhausted tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, is frequently identified older age groups among individuals cardiometabolic comorbidities. Additionally, greater percentage occur noncirrhotic patients those etiologies, hindering early detection. However, current clinical practice guidelines lack specific recommendations for screening patients. The evolving landscape management offers spectrum therapeutic options, ranging from surgical interventions locoregional therapies systemic treatments, across various stages disease. Despite ongoing debates, evidence does not support differences optimal treatment modalities based etiology. In this study, we aimed provide comprehensive overview literature trends, characteristics, implications,

Language: Английский

Citations

6
From adiposity to steatosis: metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, a hepatic expression of metabolic syndrome – current insights and future directions DOI
Bruno Basil, B. Myke-Mbata,

Onyinye Ezinne Eze

et al.

Clinical Diabetes and Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Dec. 2, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Applicability of Statins in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) DOI Creative Commons
Thaninee Prasoppokakorn

Livers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5(1), P. 4 - 4

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the novel terminology encompassing associated with metabolic dysfunction, replacing previous of non-alcoholic fatty (NAFLD). This strongly disorders such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia. MASLD dyslipidemia are deeply interconnected, driven by shared pathophysiological mechanisms. Emerging evidence suggests that statins, a class lipid-lowering medications, may have beneficial effects on beyond their primary role in reducing cholesterol levels through several mechanisms, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-fibrosis, immunomodulatory effects. review aims to summarize efficacy statins management provide insights into potential mechanisms action. It discusses pathophysiology targeting key aspects disease. Additionally, examines clinical supporting use different treatment highlights specific enzymes, inflammation, fibrosis. Furthermore, an algorithm for statin therapy proposed based current knowledge available evidence.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
An insight on the additive impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease on cardiovascular consequences DOI
Monika Bhardwaj, Papiya Mitra Mazumder

Molecular Biology Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 52(1)

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Role of genetic variants and DNA methylation of lipid metabolism-related genes in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease DOI Creative Commons
Junjie Wang, Xiaohong Chen,

Yirong Zhang

et al.

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 17, 2025

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), is one of the most common chronic diseases, which encompasses a spectrum from metabolic (MASL) to steatohepatitis (MASH), and may ultimately progress MASH-related cirrhosis hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MASLD complex that influenced by genetic environmental factors. Dysregulation hepatic lipid metabolism plays crucial role in development progression MASLD. Therefore, focus this review discuss links between variants DNA methylation metabolism-related genes pathogenesis. We first summarize interplay disturbance metabolism. Next, we on reviewing related gene loci onset existing literature around single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with identified genome-wide association studies (GWAS) candidate analyses. Moreover, based recent evidence human animal studies, further discussed regulatory function mechanisms changes levels occurrence MASLD, particular emphasis its MASH. Furthermore, alterations blood MASH patients. Finally, introduce potential value profiles developing novel prognostic biomarkers therapeutic targets for intending provide references future

Language: Английский

Citations

0
MicroRNAs in the Diagnosis of Digestive Diseases: A Comprehensive Review DOI Open Access

Mirela Livia Popa,

Cristian Ichim,

Paula Anderco

et al.

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 2054 - 2054

Published: March 18, 2025

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as crucial regulators in digestive pathologies, including inflammatory bowel disease (miR-31, miR-155, and miR-21), colorectal cancer (miR-21, miR-598, miR-494), non-alcoholic fatty liver miR-192, miR-122). Their capacity to modulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level makes them highly promising candidates for biomarkers therapeutic interventions. However, despite considerable progress, their clinical application remains challenging. Research has shown that miRNA is dynamic, varying across patients, stages, different intestinal regions. dual function both oncogenes tumor suppressors further complicates use, targeting miRNAs may yield unpredictable effects. Additionally, while miRNA-based therapies hold great potential, significant hurdles persist, off-target effects, immune activation, inefficiencies delivery methods. The intricate interplay between gut microbiota adds another layer of complexity, influencing mechanisms treatment responses. This review examined role emphasizing diagnostic potential. While they offer new avenues management, unresolved challenges underscore need research refine application.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The Interplay between Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and the Epigenome towards Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A Comprehensive Review DOI Open Access
E. Nikolaou, Ioanna Panagiota Kalafati, George Dedoussis

et al.

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(8), P. 1124 - 1124

Published: April 11, 2024

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), described as the most prominent cause of chronic worldwide, has emerged a significant public health issue, posing considerable challenge for countries. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), commonly found in daily use items and foods, are able to interfere with nuclear receptors (NRs) disturb hormonal signaling mitochondrial function, leading, among other metabolic disorders, MASLD. EDCs have also been proposed transgenerationally inherited alterations leading increased susceptibility. In this review, we focusing on linking pathways between MASLD, their role induction epigenetic transgenerational inheritance well up-to-date practices aimed at reducing impact.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Time for micro-RNAs in steatotic liver disease: a case–control study DOI Creative Commons

Victor Constantin Stoica,

Dimitri Apostol,

Mihai Mircea Diculescu

et al.

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 14, 2024

One of the challenges modern-day living is to resist temptation overfeeding and sedentariness maintain a healthy body mind. On favorable genetic epigenetic background, high-fat diet combined with lack physical exercise constitutes foundation for severe metabolic disturbances including steatotic liver disease. In our case-control study, we had aim establishing role selected micro-RNAs-miR-122, miR-192, miR-33a, miR-33b-as superior biomarkers diagnosis prognosis in 36-patient cohort compared 12 controls. Initial results confirmed decline miR-122 expression as fatty progressing. However, combinations ΔmiRs, such ΔmiR33a_192, ΔmiR33a_122, ΔmiR33b_122, correlate ultrasound steatosis grade (

Language: Английский

Citations

1