International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
21(12), P. 1543 - 1554
Published: July 15, 2023
Abstract
Biodiesel,
an
important
sustainable
fuel
used
in
the
transportation
sector,
demands
a
stable,
recyclable
and
green
catalyst
for
its
economical
environmentally
benign
production.
A
novel
heterogeneous
acid
was
developed
by
extracting
sodium
silicate
from
bamboo
leaf
ash
(BLA),
using
which
SBA-16
(BLA)
synthesized
then
impregnated
with
10
wt%
each
of
WO
3
ZrO
2
,
characterized
evaluated
transesterification
Ankol
seed
oil
methanol
to
biodiesel.
XRD,
SEM,
TEM
pore
size
characterization
indicated
that
were
present
outside
mesopores
as
monoclinic
phases,
thus
3D
cubic
cage-like
Im3m
unaltered.
NH
-TPD
presence
sites
two
distinct
strengths,
attributed
Lewis
Brønsted
acidity
–ZrO
into
hence
gave
highest
biodiesel
yield
98
%.
In
contrast
separately
65
57
%
respectively,
possibly
due
alone
them.
Among
(10
%)–ZrO
%)
mesoporous
supports
viz.
(synthesized
tetraethyl
orthosilicate),
SBA-15,
MCM-41,
MCM-48,
KIT-6,
FDU-5,
TUD-1,
given
spherical
morphology
strong
interaction
inferred
SEM
XPS
characterizations
respectively.
From
effect
process
parameters
on
%)/SBA-16
catalyst,
maximum
obtained
at
temperature
°C,
amount
200
mg,
methanol:oil
weight
ratio
10:1
reaction
time
h.
Under
these
conditions,
it
retained
same
six
recycles
after
regeneration
every
time,
confirmed
catalytic
stability
recyclability.
Environmental Technology & Innovation,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
32, P. 103307 - 103307
Published: July 27, 2023
In
the
current
study,
rice
husk
ash
(RHA)
was
used
as
a
support
in
fabrication
of
heterogeneous
catalyst
(RHA/CuO/K2CO3)
for
generating
biodiesel
from
sunflower
and
castor
oil.
The
value
specific
surface
RHA,
CuO,
RHA/CuO,
RHA/CuO/K2CO3
determined
to
be
3.63,
54.29,
25.47,
8.17
m2/g,
respectively.
Based
on
average
roughness
(Ra),
inclusion
CuO
RHA
structure
improved
which
can
improve
interaction
active
phase
(K2CO3)
with
structure.
maximum
production
(99.2%)
oil
(98.1%)
obtained
at
amount
3
wt%,
'CH3OH:
oil'
molar
ratio
18:1,
reaction
temperature
65
°C,
time
120
min.
activation
energy
transesterification
process
calculated
52.79
40.09
kJ/mol,
Also,
ΔH
number
50.05
37.35
respectively,
shows
that
is
an
endothermic
process.
environmental
factor
(<
0.5),
biocompatibility
produced
fuel
confirmed.
It
should
noted
quality
according
ASTM
D6751
EN
14214
standards
replace
traditional
diesel.
Journal of Materials Research and Technology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
30, P. 1217 - 1227
Published: March 22, 2024
One
of
the
major
obstacles
to
realization
a
sustainable
planet
is
handling
liquid
waste,
which
where
Chitosan
production
waste
(CPW)
have
been
becoming
significant
environmental
issue.
derived
CaO
catalyst
(CPW-CaO)
was
synthesized
through
self-termination
precipitation
acidic
(de-mineralization
step)
with
alkali
(de-proteination/de-acetylation)
then
calcination
and
utilized
as
an
eco-friendly
cost-effective
generate
biodiesel
from
Soybean
deodorizer
distillate
oil
(SDDO).
XRD,
EDS,
FTIR,
SEM,
BET
were
used
characterize
CPW-CaO.
The
demonstrated
exceptional
catalytic
performance
in
conversion
SDDO
matched
EN
fuel
specifications
at
8%
dosage,
12:1
ration
methanol
SDDO,
2
h,
65
°C
reaction
temperature
optimum
conditions
that
yielding
97.1%
conversion.
For
first
four
cycles,
CPW-CaO
able
produce
comparatively
high
biodiesel,
according
reusability
study.
regeneration
can
be
recycled
for
more
than
cycles
yield.
results
this
study
provide
ecologically
friendly
method
producing
biodiesel.
Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
8, P. 100432 - 100432
Published: July 29, 2023
This
study
aimed
to
optimize
the
process
parameters
and
evaluated
economic
feasibility
for
biodiesel
production.
A
pyrolytic
rice
straw
ash
(RSA)
support
with
various
amounts
of
calcium
oxide
(25–35
wt%)
calcination
temperatures
(600–800
°C)
were
used
in
study.
The
results
identified
35
wt%
CaO/RSA
at
600
°C
as
most
effective
catalyst
turnover
frequency
(TOF)
2.88
h−1
synthesis,
giving
a
yield
96.49%.
optimal
conditions
production
included
methanol:
palm
oil
molar
ratio
9.34:1,
loading
4.87
wt%,
175
min
reaction
time,
65
temperature.
also
techno-economic
analysis
production,
revealing
payback
period
7.17
years,
an
internal
rate
return
17.20%,
net
present
value
4,151,905.61
USD.
These
findings
pave
way
more
sustainable
economically
feasible
