Major depressive disorder

Nature Reviews Disease Primers, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Aug. 24, 2023

Language: Английский

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Comorbidity between major depressive disorder and physical diseases: a comprehensive review of epidemiology, mechanisms and management

World Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(3), P. 366 - 387

Published: Sept. 15, 2023

Populations with common physical diseases – such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer and neurodegenerative disorders experience substantially higher rates of major depressive disorder (MDD) than the general population. On other hand, people living MDD have a greater risk for many diseases. This high level comorbidity is associated worse outcomes, reduced adherence to treatment, increased mortality, health care utilization costs. Comorbidity can also result in range clinical challenges, more complicated therapeutic alliance, issues pertaining adaptive behaviors, drug‐drug interactions adverse events induced by medications used mental disorders. Potential explanations prevalence above involve shared genetic biological pathways. These latter include inflammation, gut microbiome, mitochondrial function energy metabolism, hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis dysregulation, brain structure function. Furthermore, several antecedents related social factors (e.g., socioeconomic status), lifestyle variables activity, diet, sleep), stressful live childhood trauma). Pharmacotherapies psychotherapies are effective treatments comorbid MDD, introduction interventions well collaborative models digital technologies provide promising strategies improving management. paper aims detailed overview epidemiology specific including bidirectional risk; pathways potentially implicated pathogenesis diseases; socio‐environmental that serve both protective factors; management prevention treatment. We conclude future directions emerging research optimal

Language: Английский

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The Metabolic Syndrome, a Human Disease

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(4), P. 2251 - 2251

Published: Feb. 13, 2024

This review focuses on the question of metabolic syndrome (MS) being a complex, but essentially monophyletic, galaxy associated diseases/disorders, or just related rather independent pathologies. The human nature MS (its exceptionality in Nature and its close interdependence with action evolution) is presented discussed. text also describes components, special emphasis description their interrelations (including syndromic development recruitment), as well consequences upon energy handling partition. main theories MS’s origin are relation to hepatic steatosis, type 2 diabetes, obesity, encompass most components described so far. differential effects sex biological considered under light social needs evolution, which directly epidemiology, severity, relations senescence. triggering maintenance factors discussed, especial inflammation, complex process affecting different levels organization critical element for development. Inflammation operation connective tissue adipose organ) widely studied acknowledged influence diet. role diet composition, including transcendence anaplerotic Krebs cycle from dietary amino acid supply (and timing), developed context testosterone β-estradiol control insulin-glycaemia core system carbohydrate-triacylglycerol handling. high probability acting unique (essentially monophyletic) presented, together additional perspectives/considerations treatment this ‘very’ disease.

Language: Английский

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Sex differences in cortisol levels in depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 72, P. 101118 - 101118

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota, nutrition, and mental health

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Feb. 9, 2024

The human brain remains one of the greatest challenges for modern medicine, yet it is most integral and sometimes overlooked aspects medicine. consists roughly 100 billion neurons, trillion neuronal connections consumes about 20–25% body’s energy. Emerging evidence highlights that insufficient or inadequate nutrition linked to an increased risk health, mental psychological functioning compromise. A core component this relationship includes intricate dynamics brain-gut-microbiota (BGM) system, which a progressively recognized factor in sphere mental/brain health. bidirectional between brain, gut, gut microbiota along BGM system not only affects nutrient absorption utilization, but also exerts substantial influence on cognitive processes, mood regulation, neuroplasticity, other indices Neuroplasticity brain’s capacity adaptation neural regeneration response stimuli. Understanding neuroplasticity considering interventions enhance remarkable ability change through experience constitutes burgeoning area research has potential improving well-being, resilience, overall health optimal lifestyle interventions. nexus both academic clinical perspectives nutritional neuroscience emerges as potent tool patient outcomes, proactively mitigate challenges, improve management treatment existing conditions by championing health-promoting dietary patterns, rectifying deficiencies, seamlessly integrating nutrition-centered strategies into care.

Language: Английский

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Unraveling the Complex Interplay Between Neuroinflammation and Depression: A Comprehensive Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(4), P. 1645 - 1645

Published: Feb. 14, 2025

The relationship between neuroinflammation and depression is a complex area of research that has garnered significant attention in recent years. Neuroinflammation, characterized by the activation glial cells release pro-inflammatory cytokines, been implicated pathophysiology depression. bidirectional; not only can inflammation contribute to onset depressive symptoms, but itself also exacerbate inflammatory responses, creating vicious cycle complicates treatment recovery. present comprehensive review aimed explore current findings on interplay depression, as well mechanisms, risk factors, therapeutic implications. mechanisms which induces depressive-like behaviors are diverse. Neuroinflammation increase activate hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, impair serotonin synthesis, all symptoms. Furthermore, microglia linked mediators disrupt neuronal function mood disorders. Stress-induced neuroinflammatory responses lead cytokines affect brain influence behavior mood. Understanding these crucial for developing targeted therapies mitigate effects

Language: Английский

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cAMP-PKA cascade: An outdated topic for depression?

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 150, P. 113030 - 113030

Published: April 26, 2022

Depression is a common neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by persistent depressed mood and causes serious socioeconomic burden worldwide. Hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, deficiency monoamine transmitters, neuroinflammation abnormalities gut flora are strongly associated with onset depression. The cyclic AMP (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA) cascade, major cross-species cellular signaling pathway, supposed as important player regulator depression controlling synaptic plasticity, cytokinesis, transcriptional regulation HPA axis. In central nervous system, cAMP-PKA cascade can dynamically shape neural circuits enhancing affect K+ channels phosphorylating Kir4.1, thereby regulating neuronal excitation. reduction affects excitation well ultimately leading to pathological outcome depression, while activation would provide rapid antidepressant effect. this review, we proposed reconsider function especially in Local or indirect PKA through adjusting anchor proteins new idea for acute treatment

Language: Английский

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Understanding the bidirectional association between obesity and risk of psychological distress and depression in young adults in the US: available evidence, knowledge gaps, and future directions

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

While the physical health effects of obesity are well-characterized, an emerging branch research has shown that additionally plays a critical role in one's mental health. Young adults, pivotal transition phase their lives, may be particularly prone to concurrent and adverse outcomes. The purpose this review is comprehensively examine existing data regarding connection between two widely validated measures health: psychological distress depression. outcomes mediated by complex interplay biological sociocultural factors, which explored with particular focus on younger adults aged 20-39. Further, impact several demographic factors including race/ethnicity, gender, immigration status examined closely. To our knowledge, one first efforts integrate knowledge health, regard for young other key sociodemographic characteristics. This important implications at interface most pressing public crises United States.

Language: Английский

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Neural circuits mediating chronic stress: Implications for major depressive disorder

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 137, P. 111280 - 111280

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Language: Английский

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Dietary acid load in health and disease

Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 476(4), P. 427 - 443

Published: Jan. 29, 2024

Abstract Maintaining an appropriate acid–base equilibrium is crucial for human health. A primary influencer of this diet, as foods are metabolized into non-volatile acids or bases. Dietary acid load (DAL) a measure the derived from taking account both potential renal (PRAL) food components like protein, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, and magnesium, organic foods, which to bicarbonate thus have alkalinizing effect. Current Western diets characterized by high DAL, due large amounts animal protein processed foods. chronic low-grade metabolic acidosis can occur following diet associated with increased morbidity mortality. Nutritional advice focusing on rather than macronutrients, gaining rapid attention it provides more holistic approach managing However, current evidence role DAL mainly associative, underlying mechanisms poorly understood. This review focusses in multiple conditions such obesity, cardiovascular health, impaired kidney function, cancer.

Language: Английский

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