Virological evidence of the impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions against COVID-19 in a resource-limited setting DOI Creative Commons
Andrés Moreira‐Soto, Alfredo Bruno, Doménica de Mora

et al.

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 3, 2023

Abstract Ecuador was an early COVID-19 hotspot with substantial COVID-19-mortality. In developed countries, low socioeconomic status is associated infection and compliance non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). However, if NPI were successful in resource-limited settings high human mobility informal labour still unclear. We performed a retrospective observational molecular serological study of Ecuador’s reference laboratory. tested 1,950 respiratory samples from surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 12 viruses using RT-PCR, characterized 642 genomes, examined seroprevalence 1,967 patients fever laboratory during 2020-2021. Molecular data compared to stringency Bayesian, maximum-likelihood modelling frameworks. (Pearson correlation test; r=-0.74; p=0.01) other (r=-0.68; p=0.02) detection correlated negatively stringency. increased <1% February-March 2020 50% within 6 weeks plateaued after implementation. Decrease effective reproduction number <1 antibody reactivity over time suggested intense transmission pandemic onset, subsequently limited by NPIs. Phylogeographic analyses revealed that travel restrictions implemented late not preventing 100 near-parallel introductions, implementation NPIs modified geographic spread restricting recreational activity. the circulating lineages (r=-0.69; p=0.02). Virological evidence supports movement as public health tool control pathogens settings, providing template emerging variants future epidemics.

Language: Английский

Azole Antifungal Consumption in Community Pharmacy Sales in Mainland Portugal: Trend Analysis from 2014 to 2023 DOI Creative Commons
Sofia Moura, Paulo Duarte, Ana Sofia Oliveira

et al.

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 33 - 33

Published: Jan. 4, 2025

Background/Objectives: Excessive or inadequate use of antimicrobial drugs may lead to the emergence resistant strains. For this reason, it is important monitor consumption indicators assess drugs' utilization over time. This study aimed analyze medically prescribed azole antifungal in mainland Portugal from 2014 2023, focusing on those directed genital infections: fluconazole, isoconazole, itraconazole, and sertaconazole. Methods: each drug, evaluated parameters were total number packages, packages per 1000 inhabitants, defined daily dose (DDD) inhabitants day, costs. purpose, we used data community pharmacies' sales, which are available through INFARMED (the Portuguese national authority medicines health products). Results: Several trends emerged analysis. The COVID-19 pandemic negatively affected all included study. However, after 2020, fluconazole sertaconazole has been increasing. In specific case there was an increase expenditure, although suffered a decrease 10-year period. Additionally, day for itraconazole lower compared estimates last survey (2009). Conclusions: Although our findings represent lesser pressure fungi, further monitoring needed better understand evolution time, particularly due observed

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Impact of Non-Pharmacological Interventions on the first wave of COVID-19 in Portugal 2020 DOI Creative Commons
Dinis Bento Loyens, Constantino Caetano, Carlos Matias Dias

et al.

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. e41569 - e41569

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Adherence to COVID-19 Public Health and Social Measures in Estonia DOI Creative Commons
Jaan Tulviste, Merle Havik, Carolina Murd

et al.

European Journal of Psychology Open, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 4, 2025

Abstract: Introduction: During the COVID-19 outbreak, adherence to public health and social measures was critical containing spread of disease. This paper examines (PHSM) in Estonia at three timepoints during pandemic: Jan–Feb 2021, May–June 2022. Methods: Using latent class analysis on a population-based sample, we address individual-level demographic, socioeconomic, psychological, behavioral variables that predicted patterns pandemic. Results: For each study waves, 12 selected best captured by three-class model, with classes identified as adherent, selectively nonadherent. Discussion Conclusion: Predictors lower included being male, having level education, experiencing financial strain, high-risk alcohol consumption, younger age, perceiving no or low stress because crisis.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Examining the educational experiences of Behvarzes from the insufficient participation of some people in preventive measures against the COVID-19 pandemic: a lesson for the future DOI Creative Commons

Zohreh Rajabi-Arani,

Zahra Asadi-Piri,

Fereshteh Zamani‐Alavijeh

et al.

BMC Medical Education, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: July 22, 2024

This study aims to explore the experiences of Behvarzes regarding reasons behind insufficient participation some individuals with preventive protocols established during COVID-19 pandemic.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Virological evidence of the impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions against COVID-19 in Ecuador, a resource-limited setting DOI Creative Commons
Andrés Moreira‐Soto, Alfredo Bruno, Doménica de Mora

et al.

Emerging Microbes & Infections, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(2)

Published: Sept. 12, 2023

Ecuador had substantial COVID-19-mortality during 2020 despite early implementation of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). Resource-limited settings like have high proportions informal labour which entail human mobility, questioning efficacy NPIs. We performed a retrospective observational study in Ecuador's national reference laboratory for viral respiratory infections March 2020-February 2021 using stored specimens from 1950 patients, corresponding to 2.3% all samples analysed within the Ecuadorian surveillance system per week. During 2020, detection SARS-CoV-2 (Pearson correlation; r = -0.74; p 0.01) and other viruses -0.68; 0.02) by real-time RT-PCR correlated negatively with NPIs stringency. Among viruses, adenoviruses (Fisher's exact-test; 0.026), parainfluenzaviruses (p 0.04), enteroviruses < 0.0001) metapneumoviruses occurred significantly more frequently months absent or non-stringent (characterized <55% stringency according Oxford index data Ecuador). Phylogenomic analyses 632 newly characterized genomes revealed 100 near-parallel introductions absence NPI number circulating lineages (r -0.69; 0.02). Phylogeographic reconstructions showed differential dispersion patterns short-distance transitions potentially associated recreational activity There were also fewer geographic strict (n 450) than 580). Virological evidence supports that an effect on virus spread distribution Ecuador, providing template future epidemics resource-limited contributing balanced assessment societal costs entailed

Language: Английский

Citations

6
The effects of COVID-19 risk, gender, and self-compassion on the workplace cyberbullying and job satisfaction of university faculty DOI
Leslie Ramos Salazar, Adam Weiss, Jillian Williamson Yarbrough

et al.

The Journal of Social Psychology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 20

Published: April 8, 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine workplace cyberbullying (WPCB) in higher education. Specifically, the examines relationship between WPCB and several important factors such as self-compassion, job satisfaction, gender. cross-sectional administered a survey convenience sample 179 faculty members. regression model showed that self-compassion was positively related whereas negatively satisfaction after controlling for covariates. path analysis results gender COVID-19 risk severe illness were WPCB. Additionally, mediated inverse satisfaction.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Adherence to COVID-19 measures and the associated factors: evidence from a two-wave longitudinal study in Singapore DOI Creative Commons
Eng Hong Tay, Saleha Shafie, Shazana Shahwan

et al.

BMC Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Oct. 15, 2024

At the onset of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic when pharmaceutical interventions were not readily available, governments relied on public health mandates and social distancing measures to counter rising infection rates. In order address dearth longitudinal studies, this study sought identify factors associated with continued adherence COVID-19 preventive behaviours in Singapore.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Uncovering COVID-19 infection determinants in Portugal: towards an evidence-based spatial susceptibility index to support epidemiological containment policies DOI Creative Commons
André Alves, Nuno Marques da Costa, Paulo Morgado

et al.

International Journal of Health Geographics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: April 6, 2023

COVID-19 caused the largest pandemic of twenty-first century forcing adoption containment policies all over world. Many studies on health determinants have been conducted, mainly using multivariate methods and geographic information systems (GIS), but few attempted to demonstrate how knowing social, economic, mobility, behavioural, other spatial their effects can help contain disease. For example, in mainland Portugal, non-pharmacological interventions (NPI) were primarily dependent epidemiological indicators ignored variation susceptibility infection.We present a data-driven GIS-multicriteria analysis derive spatial-based index infection Portugal. The cumulative incidence 14 days was used stepwise multiple linear regression as target variable along potential at municipal scale. To infer existence thresholds relationships between most relevant factors examined bivariate Bayesian change point analysis. mapped based these weighted combination.Regression results support that spread Portugal had strong associations with related socio-territorial specificities, namely sociodemographic, economic mobility. Change revealed evidence nonlinearity, classes reflect dependency. explains accuracy previous posterior infections. Assessing NPI levels relation map points towards disagreement severity restrictions actual propensity for transmission, highlighting need more tailored interventions.This article argues should consider infection. findings highlight importance customising specific geographical contexts due uneven distribution determinants. methodology has replication scales regions better understand role explaining spatiotemporal patterns diseases promoting evidence-based public policies.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Adherence of those at low risk of disease to public health measures during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study DOI Creative Commons
Gemma Postill, Cindy L. Adams,

Claire Zanin

et al.

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 17(10), P. e0276746 - e0276746

Published: Oct. 25, 2022

Public health measures (PHMs) proactively and reactively reduce the spread of disease. While these target individual behaviour, they require broad adherence to be effective. Consequently, World Health Organization issued a special appeal young adults, known non-adherent population, for increased with COVID-19 guidelines. However, little is about why low-risk individuals do or not adhere PHMs. This study investigates adults in setting adhered PHMs implemented during pandemic. A qualitative research approach was chosen gain an in-depth understanding participants' thoughts experiences related PHM adherence. Semi-structured interviews were conducted April-May 2021 30 living Prince Edward Island (PEI), province lowest case rate Canada at that time. Thematic analysis used create codebook based on Theoretical Domains Framework, which then inductively modified. The identified eight themes explained adults: (1) clear, purpose-driven rationale, (2) developing trust local leadership, (3) adapting novel measures, (4) manageable disruption, (5) adhering anxiety, (6) collective duty towards one's community, (7) moral culpability (8) using caution rather than compliance. Together, demonstrate because their sense connection public concerns over stigma. We further argue clear guidelines communication from officials both periods high low cases facilitate These findings are important mitigating future emergencies as explain segment population whose critical success PHMs, follow Further, can inform other stakeholders aiming develop successful strategies.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Adherence to Covid-19 Measures and the Associated Factors: Evidence from a Two-Wave Longitudinal Study in Singapore DOI
Eng Hong Tay, Saleha Shafie, Shazana Shahwan

et al.

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Download This Paper Open PDF in Browser Add to My Library Share: Permalink Using these links will ensure access this page indefinitely Copy URL DOI

Language: Английский

Citations

0