Effect of Physical Activity/Exercise on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Muscle and Vascular Aging

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(15), P. 8713 - 8713

Published: Aug. 5, 2022

Functional status is considered the main determinant of healthy aging. Impairment in skeletal muscle and cardiovascular system, two interrelated systems, results compromised functional Increased oxidative stress inflammation older subjects constitute background for system alterations. Aged mass strength impairment related to anabolic resistance, mitochondrial dysfunction, increased as well a reduced antioxidant response myokine profile. Arterial stiffness endothelial function stand out alterations aging, where systemic vascular play key role. Physical activity exercise training arise modifiable determinants outcomes persons. Exercise enhances response, decreases age-related pro-inflammatory signals, promotes activation biogenesis pathways muscle. Additionally, improves arterial by reducing inflammatory damage signaling tissue together with an increase enzymes nitric oxide availability, globally promoting performance This review focuses on role aged musculoskeletal systems how physical activity/exercise influences elderly.

Language: Английский

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An elusive consensus definition of sarcopenia impedes research and clinical treatment: A narrative review

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 86, P. 101883 - 101883

Published: Feb. 14, 2023

The definition of sarcopenia, the age-related loss muscle mass, has evolved since term's inception and yet there is no consensus. Many identified definitions sarcopenia centre their criteria around function, weakness. Common variables to various are appendicular lean soft tissue mass (often called mass), grip strength, gait speed. However, a lack consensus remains among operational diagnostics for this newly recognized disease may be attributed absence appropriate tools that accurately measure outcomes interest, such as skeletal instead mass. In narrative review, we describe evolution groups' address need more accurate measures effective, low-cost treatments (i.e., resistance training diet) disease. Consensus on what constitutes critical propel research in field and, importantly, provide prognostic value diagnosis provides how patient would treated.

Language: Английский

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Factors that influence older adults’ participation in physical activity: a systematic review of qualitative studies

Age and Ageing, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 52(8)

Published: Aug. 1, 2023

Abstract Background Despite the advantages of physical activity (PA), older adults are often insufficiently active to maximise health. Understanding factors that influence PA engagement will support well-designed interventions for people. Our aim was review qualitative evidence exploring affecting adults’ in PA. Methods We searched six electronic databases studies community-dwelling (≥70 years) including methods. excluded a single-disease group, individuals with cognitive impairment and care home residents. Methodological rigour assessed Critical Appraisal Skills Programme, framework synthesis applied using Capability Opportunity Motivation—Behaviour (COM-B) model, which hypothesises behaviour is influenced by three factors: capability, opportunity motivation. Results Twenty-five were included (N = 4,978; mean 79 32 themes identified. Older capability functional capacity (e.g. strength) perceived risk injury from falls). impacted environment ‘fit’ neighbourhood safety), availability social interaction socio-cultural ageing stereotypes. motivated identifying as an ‘exerciser’, health gains experiencing positive emotions enjoyment), whereas negative sensations pain) reduced Conclusions The showcased complex web interacting influencing between sub-domains COM-B, pinpointing directions intervention, focus on whole systems approaches. There lack research influences oldest old low-income countries. Future should seek involve under-served groups, wider diversity

Language: Английский

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The critically ill older patient with sepsis: a narrative review

Annals of Intensive Care, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 10, 2024

Abstract Sepsis is a significant public health concern, particularly affecting individuals above 70 years in developed countries. This crucial fact due to the increasing aging population, their heightened vulnerability sepsis, and associated high mortality rates. However, morbidity long-term outcomes are even more notable. While many patients respond well timely appropriate interventions, it imperative enhance efforts identifying, documenting, preventing, treating sepsis. Managing sepsis older poses greater challenges necessitates comprehensive understanding of predisposing factors suspicion for diagnosing infections assessing risk sudden deterioration into Despite age often being considered an independent factor morbidity, recent research emphasizes pivotal roles frailty, disease severity, comorbid conditions influencing outcomes. In addition, important inquire about patient's preferences establish personalized treatment plan that considers potential recovery with quality life functional review provides summary most aspects consider when dealing old critically ill patient

Language: Английский

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Association of physical behaviours with sarcopenia in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

The Lancet Healthy Longevity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(2), P. e108 - e119

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

BackgroundPhysical behaviours (ie, physical activity and sedentary behaviour) might have a role in the development of sarcopenia, although evidence is unclear. We aimed to explore association total intensity-specific levels behaviour with sarcopenia its components muscle mass, strength, performance) older adults.MethodsWe conducted systematic review meta-analysis searched MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, Web Science from inception July 26, 2022, for peer-reviewed, observational studies or baseline data randomised clinical trials adults individual age ≥60 years mean ≥65 years) published English that reported on both (or determinants: mass performance). Physical were measured by any method. The main outcome was which could be diagnosed means. Estimates extracted pooled using Bayesian meta-analytic models publication bias assessed Egger's test. This study registered PROSPERO, CRD42022315865.FindingsWe identified 15 766 records, 124 (230 174 adults; 121 301 [52·7%] female 108 873 [47·3%] male) included review. 86 subsequently meta-analysis. Higher inversely associated cross-sectionally (21 studies, n=59 572; odds ratio 0·49, 95% credible interval 0·37–0·62) longitudinally (four n=7545; 0·51, 0·27–0·94). A protective also moderate-to-vigorous cross-sectional research (five n=6787; 0·85, 0·71–0·99), whereas no remaining steps, light activity, behaviour).InterpretationTotal are sarcopenia. These findings support importance moderate-to-vigorous, rather than light, intensity activity-based interventions prevent sarcopenia.FundingNone.TranslationFor Spanish translation abstract see Supplementary Materials section.

Language: Английский

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Home-based exercise can be beneficial for counteracting sedentary behavior and physical inactivity during the COVID-19 pandemic in older adults

Postgraduate Medicine, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 133(5), P. 469 - 480

Published: Dec. 4, 2020

The novel pandemic called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), as a global public health emergency, seems to be having major impact on physical activity (PA) behaviors. Older adults are at high risk of death from the severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS CoV-2). Health authorities around world have been implementing preventive measures, including quarantine and self-isolation, mitigate COVID-19 outbreak. This period is characterized by cessation outdoor exercising. During this lockdown, PA has one rare reasons for going out in some countries. To avoid harmful effects periods exercise cessation, could prescribed older adults, which great importance breaking their sedentary lifestyle improving immunity. present review discusses potential impacts behavior inactivity adults. performing reduce discussed, useful recommendations home-based maintain level independence, mental well well-being provided.

Language: Английский

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Exercise, Aging and Frailty: Guidelines for Increasing Function

The journal of nutrition health & aging, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 25(4), P. 405 - 409

Published: Jan. 19, 2021

Language: Английский

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Effect of physical activity on the risk of frailty: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 17(12), P. e0278226 - e0278226

Published: Dec. 1, 2022

Objective The relationship between physical activity (PA) and the risk of frailty has not reached a conclusive result. This systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to evaluate effect PA on onset in community-dwelling middle older age adults by pooling data from cohort studies. Methods A literature search was performed via PubMed, Embase, Web Science up June 01, 2021. Pooled adjusted estimates (ES) 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using random-effect model comparing highest lowest levels PA. Heterogeneity tested I 2 statistic Q-test. quality evidence evaluated Grading Recommendations Assessment, Development Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Results total ten studies 14 records selected, GRADE approach classified as low. In comparison level PA, associated 41% decreased odds (ES: 0.59, CI: 0.51–0.67; = 70.0%, P -heterogeneity < 0.001) after results included stratified analysis assessment approach, significantly 37% (ES 0.63, 0.52–0.77, 49% 0.51, 0.41–0.63), 30% 0.70, 0.65–0.75) reduced when criteria frailty, multidimensional model, accumulation disability, respectively. Stratified analyses further indicators tools yielded similar protective effects any subgroups. Conclusions study moderate-certainty shows that higher lower benefits for prevention independent tools, indicators, methods. Findings this may help implement active exercise strategies prevent frailty.

Language: Английский

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Exercise Training in Post-COVID-19 Patients: The Need for a Multifactorial Protocol for a Multifactorial Pathophysiology

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(8), P. 2228 - 2228

Published: April 15, 2022

The battle against COVID-19 has entered a new phase with Rehabilitation Centres being among the major players, because medical outcome of patients does not end control pulmonary inflammation marked by negative virology test, as many continue to suffer from long-COVID-19 syndrome. Exercise training is known be highly valuable in cardiac or lung disease, and it exerts beneficial effects on immune system inflammation. We therefore reviewed past recent papers about exercise training, considering multifactorial features characterizing post-COVID-19 patients’ clinical conditions. Consequently, we conceived proposal for patient protocol combination multiple recommended regimens. Specifically, built pre-evaluation taking advantage various programs already validated diseases that may share pathophysiological characteristics long-COVID-19.

Language: Английский

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Contributions of physical inactivity and sedentary behavior to metabolic and endocrine diseases

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 33(12), P. 817 - 827

Published: Oct. 22, 2022

Language: Английский

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