Omega-3 (n-3) Fatty Acid–Statin Interaction: Evidence for a Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(7), P. 962 - 962

Published: March 27, 2024

Managing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) often involves a combination of lifestyle modifications and medications aiming to decrease the risk outcomes, such as myocardial infarction stroke. The aim this article is discuss possible omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid–statin interactions in prevention treatment ASCVD provide evidence consider for clinical practice, highlighting novel insights field. Statins n-3 acids (eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) docosahexaenoic (DHA)) are commonly used control factors order treat ASCVD. an important lipid-lowering therapy, primarily targeting low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, while address triglyceride (TG) concentrations. Both statins have pleiotropic actions which overlap, including improving endothelial function, modulation inflammation, stabilizing plaques. Thus, both potentially mitigate residual that remains beyond lipid lowering, persistent inflammation. EPA DHA substrates synthesis so-called specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), relatively recently recognized feature their ability combat Interestingly, seem promote production some SPMs, suggesting largely unrecognized interaction between with relevance Although major these signaling molecules may additional therapeutic benefits those provided by precursor themselves. In article, we accumulating supports SPMs tool statin–n-3 relevant

Language: Английский

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Dietary Approach in Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Cardiogenetics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 1 - 1

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Introduction: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disorder that remains underdiagnosed and undertreated. It characterized by high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), which leads to an increased cardiovascular disease risk. Pharmacotherapy FH based on high-dose statin therapy, often combined with ezetimibe proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 inhibitors. The dietary approach important supportive part management. Methods: This review aimed present the available evidence strategies in patients. analyzed aspects included macronutrients such as fat carbohydrate intake, well role fiber, nutraceuticals (omega-3, beta-glucan, phytosterols, red yeast fermented rice extract), overall models. Results Conclusions: Based data, Mediterranean diet model advised prevention, including patients FH. Regarding detailed recommendations, current state knowledge indicates saturated fatty acids intake limitation strategy. Supplementation phytosterols fiber can be also helpful

Language: Английский

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Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Exercise in Obesity Management: Independent and Synergistic Benefits in Metabolism and Knowledge Gaps

Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 463 - 463

Published: April 24, 2025

Obesity is a significant global health issue, profoundly affecting metabolic and cardiovascular other related chronic conditions. In Chile, the prevalence of obesity among highest within Organisation for Economic Cooperation Development (OECD) countries, highlighting critical public challenge. This narrative review examines current evidence on independent potential synergistic roles omega-3 fatty acids exercise in managing obesity-related dysfunction. Omega-3 acids, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), have been shown to lower triglyceride levels, enhance lipid metabolism, modulate inflammation via pathways involving peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c). Exercise interventions, such as moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) high-intensity interval (HIIT), provide distinct yet complementary benefits. Specifically, MICT improves body fat distribution mitochondrial efficiency, whereas HIIT has notable effects adaptability insulin signaling. Additionally, emerging points toward role kinin-kallikrein system, kallikrein 7 (KLK7), obesity-associated resistance. Despite these promising findings, several knowledge gaps persist regarding optimal dosing, intervention timing, population-specific effects, exact mechanisms behind interactions between supplementation structured exercise. emphasizes importance conducting further research, controlled clinical trials, clarify combined interventions’ effectiveness establish targeted therapeutic strategies tailored individual profiles.

Language: Английский

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Gut Microbiota and Cardiovascular Diseases: Unraveling the Role of Dysbiosis and Microbial Metabolites

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(9), P. 4264 - 4264

Published: April 30, 2025

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including heart failure (HF), hypertension, myocardial infarction (MI), and atherosclerosis, are increasingly linked to gut microbiota dysbiosis its metabolic byproducts. HF, affecting over 64 million individuals globally, is associated with systemic inflammation barrier dysfunction, exacerbating disease progression. Similarly, hypertension MI correlate reduced microbial diversity an abundance of pro-inflammatory bacteria, contributing vascular increased cardiovascular risk. Atherosclerosis also influenced by dysbiosis, key metabolites such as trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) playing crucial roles in pathogenesis. Emerging evidence highlights the therapeutic potential natural compounds, flavonoids, omega-3 acids, resveratrol, curcumin, marine-derived bioactives, which modulate confer cardioprotective effects. These insights underscore a critical regulator health, suggesting that targeting may offer novel preventive strategies. Further research needed elucidate underlying mechanisms optimize microbiome-based interventions for improved outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Human Nutrition Research in the Data Era: Results of 11 Reports on the Effects of a Multiple-Micronutrient-Intervention Study

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 188 - 188

Published: Jan. 5, 2024

Large datasets have been used in molecular and genetic research for decades, but only a few studies included nutrition lifestyle factors. Our team conducted an n-of-1 intervention with 12 vitamins five minerals 9- to 13-year-old Brazilian children teens poor healthy-eating indexes. A unique feature of the experimental design was inclusion replication arm. Twenty-six types data were acquired including clinical measures, whole-genome mapping, whole-exome sequencing, proteomic variety metabolomic measurements over two years. goal this study use these diverse sets discover previously undetected physiological effects associated diet that include more complete micronutrient composition. We summarize key findings 11 reports from (i) found LDL total cholesterol fasting glucose decreased population after inter-individual variation; (ii) polygenic risk score predicted baseline vitamin B12 levels; (iii) identified metabotypes linking intake, makeup, metabolic physiology; (iv) multiple biomarkers nutrient food groups; (v) discovered metabolites proteins are DNA damage. This summary also highlights limitations lessons analyzing omic data.

Language: Английский

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Nitro-fatty acids: mechanisms of action, roles in metabolic diseases, and therapeutics

Current Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: March 7, 2024

Abstract Nitro-fatty acids (NO 2 -FAs) are a class of bioactive lipids that mediate metabolic, anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory, and other signaling actions. Endogenously, NO -FAs derived from the non-enzymatic reactions unsaturated fatty with reactive nitrogen species. The electrophilic properties nitro group results in being able to undergo rapid reversible biological nucleophiles, such as cysteine histidine, thus supporting post-translational modifications proteins. nucleophiles regulate range key pathways involved gene expression responses, enzyme activity, cellular processes. In disease animal models, produced under conditions inflammation oxidative stress play protective role variety metabolic diseases, which have been associated anti-atherosclerosis, blood-pressure lowering, regulation glycolipid metabolism insulin resistance. Based on these, more clinical studies might find correlation between levels pathophysiology patients diseases. Importantly, therapeutics effective trials. addition, dietary supplementation nitrates can endogenously increase mice humans. These findings support approaches endogenous potentially reduce risk To identify specific mechanism action therapeutic potential -FAs, we summarized main mechanisms progression provide insights for development new

Language: Английский

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Personalized redox biology: Designs and concepts

Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 208, P. 112 - 125

Published: Aug. 3, 2023

Language: Английский

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Cardiovascular Diseases and Marine Oils: A Focus on Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Polar Lipids

Marine Drugs, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(11), P. 549 - 549

Published: Oct. 24, 2023

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of death across globe, hence, establishing strategies to counteract CVD are imperative reduce mortality and burden on health systems. Dietary modification is an effective primary prevention strategy against CVD. Research regarding dietary supplementation has become increasingly popular. This review focuses current in vivo, vitro, epidemiological studies associated with that omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) polar lipids (PLs) how they play a role Furthermore, this results several major clinical trials examining n-3 PUFAs both secondary Notably, we place lens REDUCE-IT STRENGTH trials. Finally, PLs recently been suggested as potential alternative avenue for reduction incidence versus neutral forms PUFAs. However, evidence argument currently rather limited. Therefore, draw literature suggest future PL supplementation. We conclude despite conflicting evidence, human must be completed confirm whether may more than PUFA cardiovascular risk.

Language: Английский

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Nutrigenomics and redox regulation: Concepts relating to the Special Issue on nutrigenomics

Redox Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 68, P. 102920 - 102920

Published: Oct. 5, 2023

During our whole lifespan, from conception to death, the epigenomes of all tissues and cell types body integrate signals environment. This includes derived diet uptake macro- micronutrients. In most cases, this leads only transient changes, but some effects epigenome programming process are persistent can even be transferred next generation. Both epigenetic redox processes affected by individual choice other lifestyle decisions like physical activity. The nutrient-gene communication pathways have adapted during human evolution essential for maintaining health. However, when they maladaptive, such as in long-term obesity, significantly contribute diseases type 2 diabetes cancer. field nutrigenomics investigates nutrition-related signal transduction their effect on gene expression involving interactions both with genome epigenomes. Several these diet-(epi)genome involved cascades redox-regulated. Examples include NAD

Language: Английский

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Opportunities and Regulatory Challenges of Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals During COVID-19 Pandemic

Current Nutrition & Food Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(10), P. 1252 - 1271

Published: March 1, 2024

: The novel Coronavirus has brought global mortality, disruption, and a significant loss of life. A compromised immune system is known risk factor for all viral influenza infections. Due to the perceived “immune-boosting” properties nutraceutical products, sales dietary supplements have grown globally. In recent years, consumers increasingly demanded products rather than curative synthetic medicines preventive therapies coronavirus disease outbreak 2019 (COVID-19). Healthy foods nutraceuticals become daily diet plans consumers. Although there been an increase in demand, no such regulation harmonized process, which stands as barrier approval these products. Therefore, many misbranded spurious are entering market, may harm This article focuses on role functional management COVID-19 also different regulations each country compare similarities differences following countries: India, USA (United States America), EU (European Union), China. comparative study USA, Europe, China shows that difference regarding regulations; however, despite differences, it observed same underlying objective, i.e., ensuring safety by maintaining product quality.

Language: Английский

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