Environmental Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
58(29), P. 12784 - 12822
Published: July 10, 2024
In
the
modern
"omics"
era,
measurement
of
human
exposome
is
a
critical
missing
link
between
genetic
drivers
and
disease
outcomes.
High-resolution
mass
spectrometry
(HRMS),
routinely
used
in
proteomics
metabolomics,
has
emerged
as
leading
technology
to
broadly
profile
chemical
exposure
agents
related
biomolecules
for
accurate
measurement,
high
sensitivity,
rapid
data
acquisition,
increased
resolution
space.
Non-targeted
approaches
are
increasingly
accessible,
supporting
shift
from
conventional
hypothesis-driven,
quantitation-centric
targeted
analyses
toward
data-driven,
hypothesis-generating
exposome-wide
profiling.
However,
HRMS-based
exposomics
encounters
unique
challenges.
New
analytical
computational
infrastructures
needed
expand
analysis
coverage
through
streamlined,
scalable,
harmonized
workflows
pipelines
that
permit
longitudinal
tracking,
retrospective
validation,
multi-omics
integration
meaningful
health-oriented
inferences.
this
article,
we
survey
literature
on
state-of-the-art
technologies,
review
current
informatic
pipelines,
provide
an
up-to-date
reference
exposomic
chemists,
toxicologists,
epidemiologists,
care
providers,
stakeholders
health
sciences
medicine.
We
propose
efforts
benchmark
fit-for-purpose
platforms
expanding
space,
including
gas/liquid
chromatography-HRMS
(GC-HRMS
LC-HRMS),
discuss
opportunities,
challenges,
strategies
advance
burgeoning
field
exposome.
Science,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
367(6476), P. 388 - 392
Published: Jan. 24, 2020
Chemicals
have
improved
our
quality
of
life,
but
the
resulting
environmental
pollution
has
potential
to
cause
detrimental
effects
on
humans
and
environment.
People
biota
are
chronically
exposed
thousands
chemicals
from
various
sources
through
multiple
pathways.
Environmental
chemists
toxicologists
moved
beyond
detecting
quantifying
single
characterizing
complex
mixtures
in
indoor
outdoor
environments
biological
matrices.
We
highlight
analytical
bioanalytical
approaches
isolating,
characterizing,
tracking
groups
concern
Techniques
that
combine
chemical
analysis
bioassays
facilitate
identification
pose
a
combined
risk.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
56(1), P. 13 - 29
Published: Dec. 21, 2021
Increasing
chemical
pollution
of
aquatic
environments
is
a
growing
concern
with
global
relevance.
A
large
number
organic
chemicals
are
termed
as
"micropollutants"
due
to
their
low
concentrations,
and
long-term
exposure
micropollutants
may
pose
considerable
risks
organisms
human
health.
In
recent
decades,
numerous
treatment
methods
technologies
have
been
proposed
remove
in
water,
typically
several
were
chosen
target
pollutants
evaluate
removal
efficiencies.
However,
it
often
unclear
whether
toxicity
occurrence
levels
frequencies
enable
them
contribute
significantly
the
overall
environments.
This
review
intends
answer
an
important
lingering
question:
Which
or
class
deserve
more
attention
globally
should
be
removed
higher
priority?
Different
risk-based
prioritization
approaches
used
address
this
question.
The
risk
quotient
(RQ)
method
was
found
feasible
approach
prioritize
scale
its
relatively
simple
assessment
procedure
extensive
use.
total
83
case
studies
using
RQ
past
decade
compiled,
473
compounds
that
selected
by
screening
3466
three
broad
classes
(pharmaceuticals
personal
care
products
(PPCPs),
pesticides,
industrial
chemicals)
(RQ
>
0.01).
To
determine
importance,
we
propose
surrogate,
is,
weighted
average
(WARQ).
WARQ
integrates
intensity
frequency
achieve
comprehensive
priority
determination.
Through
metadata
analysis,
recommend
ranked
list
53
micropollutants,
including
36
PPCPs
(e.g.,
sulfamethoxazole
ibuprofen),
seven
pesticides
heptachlor
diazinon),
10
perfluorooctanesulfonic
acid
4-nonylphenol)
for
management
remediation
efforts.
One
caveat
importance
does
not
consider
transformation
(including
disinfection
byproducts)
new
forms
antibiotic
resistance
genes
microplastics),
directly
applicable
specific
region
country.
Also,
needs
mentioning
there
might
no
best
toward
question,
hopefully
can
act
small
step
better
answer.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
51(9), P. 4792 - 4802
Published: April 12, 2017
Surface
water
from
38
streams
nationwide
was
assessed
using
14
target-organic
methods
(719
compounds).
Designed-bioactive
anthropogenic
contaminants
(biocides,
pharmaceuticals)
comprised
57%
of
406
organics
detected
at
least
once.
The
10
most-frequently
anthropogenic-organics
included
eight
pesticides
(desulfinylfipronil,
AMPA,
chlorpyrifos,
dieldrin,
metolachlor,
atrazine,
CIAT,
glyphosate)
and
two
pharmaceuticals
(caffeine,
metformin)
with
detection
frequencies
ranging
66–84%
all
sites.
Detected
contaminant
concentrations
varied
less
than
1
ng
L–1
to
greater
μg
L–1,
77
278
having
median
100
respectively.
Cumulative
detections
ranged
4–161
compounds
(median
70)
8.5–102
847
respectively,
correlated
significantly
wastewater
discharge,
watershed
development,
toxic
release
inventory
metrics.
Log10
widely
monitored
HHCB,
triclosan,
carbamazepine
explained
71–82%
the
variability
in
total
number
(linear
regression;
p-values:
<
0.001–0.012),
providing
a
statistical
inference
tool
for
unmonitored
contaminants.
Due
multiple
modes
action,
high
bioactivity,
biorecalcitrance,
direct
environment
application
(pesticides),
designed-bioactive
41
per
site
cumulative
concentrations)
developed
watersheds
present
aquatic
health
concerns,
given
their
acknowledged
potential
sublethal
effects
sensitive
species
lifecycle
stages
low
L–1.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
56(16), P. 11111 - 11131
Published: July 7, 2022
Advanced
oxidation
processes
(AOPs)
can
degrade
a
wide
range
of
trace
organic
contaminants
(TrOCs)
to
improve
the
quality
potable
water
or
discharged
wastewater
effluents.
Their
effectiveness
is
impacted,
however,
by
dissolved
matter
(DOM)
that
ubiquitous
in
all
sources.
During
application
an
AOP,
DOM
scavenge
radicals
and/or
block
light
penetration,
therefore
impacting
their
toward
contaminant
transformation.
The
multiple
ways
which
different
types
sources
impact
oxidative
purification
are
critically
reviewed.
inhibit
degradation
TrOCs,
but
it
also
enhance
formation
and
reactivity
useful
for
elimination
alter
transformation
pathways
contaminants.
An
in-depth
analysis
highlights
inhibitory
effect
on
efficiency
TrOCs
based
DOM's
structure
optical
properties
its
oxidants
as
well
synergistic
contribution
from
redox
transient
intermediates.
AOPs
influence
types,
mechanisms,
extent
byproducts
formation.
Research
needs
proposed
advance
practical
understanding
how
be
exploited
purification.
Environmental Sciences Europe,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
30(1)
Published: Jan. 30, 2018
In
2005,
the
European
Commission
funded
NORMAN
project
to
promote
a
permanent
network
of
reference
laboratories
and
research
centers,
including
academia,
industry,
standardization
bodies,
NGOs.
Since
then,
has
(i)
facilitated
more
rapid
wide-scope
exchange
data
on
occurrence
effects
contaminants
emerging
concern
(CECs),
(ii)
improved
quality
comparability
via
validation
harmonization
common
sampling
measurement
methods
(chemical
biological),
(iii)
provided
transparent
information
monitoring
CECs,
(iv)
established
an
independent
competent
forum
for
technical/scientific
debate
issues
related
substances.
plays
significant
role
as
organization
at
interface
between
science
policy,
with
advantage
speaking
other
public
institutions
"bigger
voice"
than
70
members
from
20
countries.
This
article
provides
summary
first
10
years
network.
It
takes
stock
work
done
so
far
outlines
NORMAN's
vision
Europe-wide
collaboration
CECs
sustainable
links
policy-making.
contains
overview
state
play
in
prioritizing
substances
several
innovative
technologies
approaches.
point
view
burning
issue—the
regulation
CECs—and
presents
positions
various
stakeholders
field
(DG
ENV,
EEA,
ECHA,
national
agencies)
who
participated
workshop
October
2016.
The
main
messages
conclusions
round
table
discussions
are
briefly
presented.