Global and Regional Trends and Drivers of Fire Under Climate Change

Reviews of Geophysics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 60(3)

Published: April 11, 2022

Abstract Recent wildfire outbreaks around the world have prompted concern that climate change is increasing fire incidence, threatening human livelihood and biodiversity, perpetuating change. Here, we review current understanding of impacts on weather (weather conditions conducive to ignition spread wildfires) consequences for regional activity as mediated by a range other bioclimatic factors (including vegetation biogeography, productivity lightning) ignition, suppression, land use). Through supplemental analyses, present stocktake trends in burned area (BA) during recent decades, examine how relates its drivers. Fire controls annual timing fires most regions also drives inter‐annual variability BA Mediterranean, Pacific US high latitude forests. Increases frequency extremity been globally pervasive due 1979–2019, meaning landscapes are primed burn more frequently. Correspondingly, increases ∼50% or higher seen some extratropical forest ecoregions including high‐latitude forests 2001–2019, though interannual remains large these regions. Nonetheless, can override relationship between weather. For example, savannahs strongly patterns fuel production fragmentation naturally fire‐prone agriculture. Similarly, tropical relate deforestation rates degradation than changing Overall, has reduced 27% past two part decline African savannahs. According models, prevalence already emerged beyond pre‐industrial Mediterranean change, emergence will become increasingly widespread at additional levels warming. Moreover, several major wildfires experienced years, Australian bushfires 2019/2020, occurred amidst were considerably likely Current models incompletely reproduce observed spatial based their existing representations relationships controls, historical vary across models. Advances observation controlling supporting addition optimization processes exerting upwards pressure intensity weather, this escalate with each increment global Improvements better interactions climate, extremes, humans required predict future mitigate against consequences.

Language: Английский

---

Impact of Australia's catastrophic 2019/20 bushfire season on communities and environment. Retrospective analysis and current trends

Journal of Safety Science and Resilience, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 1(1), P. 44 - 56

Published: July 1, 2020

2019/20 Australia's bushfire season (Black Summer fires) occurred during a period of record breaking temperatures and extremely low rainfall. To understand the impact these climatic values we conducted preliminary analysis compared it with fire seasons between March 2000 2020 in states New South Wales (NSW), Victoria, Australia (SA). Forest management were asked to provide data on number fires, burned area, life house loss, as well weather conditions. By Black fires burnt almost 19 million hectares, destroyed over 3,000 houses, killed 33 people. Data showed that they unprecedented terms all areas. A mega-fires NSW resulting more area than any last 20 years. One them was largest recorded forest Australian history. Victoria had highest burned, second numbers houses lost for same period. SA confirmed existing trends categories two decades Victoria. It smoke from bushfires may be significant concern future global community, travels other countries continents. Based data, will take many years restore economy infrastructure impacted areas, recover animal vegetation biodiversity.

Language: Английский

---

Energy poverty vulnerability index: A multidimensional tool to identify hotspots for local action

Energy Reports, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 5, P. 187 - 201

Published: Feb. 10, 2019

Energy poverty is a growing societal challenge that puts the welfare of many European citizens at risk. Several different indicators have been developed with objective assessing this phenomenon. The aim work to develop novel high-resolution spatial scale composite index, focusing on space heating and cooling, map energy poor regions identify hotspots for local action. proposed index (EPVI) combines socio-economic population (AIAM sub-index) building’s characteristics performance (EPG sub-index). method was tested all 3092 civil parishes Portugal could be potentially replicated Pan scale. Results show higher prevalence significative EPVIs in inland region islands, particularly rural parishes. Although cooling are generally higher, may more significant issue terms demand health hazard. vulnerability assessment such disaggregated regional bridge gap between common overall country analyses local-scale initiatives targeting vulnerable households. outcomes paper support national efficiency policies instruments while fostering better assessments enabling actions tackling problem.

Language: Английский

---

Future heat waves over the Mediterranean from an Euro-CORDEX regional climate model ensemble

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: May 29, 2020

Abstract Heat waves are among the most relevant extreme climatic events due to their effects on society, agriculture and environment. The aim of this work is improve our understanding heat over Mediterranean basin during 21 st century from an ensemble Regional Climate Models (RCMs). Focus has been placed sensitivities forcing global models, emissions scenarios RCM resolution, being first based Euro-CORDEX simulations fully analyze future in Mediterranean. wave features studied with Warm Spell Duration Index (WSDI, duration) Wave Magnitude daily (HWMId, intensity). Results indicate a large increase by end both intensity length all scenarios, regional models at any resolution. Exceptional observed early could then become normal period. Forcing play major role. Clear added value spatial distribution indices obtained dynamical downscaling, related important coastal or orographic aspects widely present

Language: Английский

---

Systematic exploration of heat wave impact on mortality and urban heat island: A review from 2000 to 2022

Urban Climate, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 51, P. 101622 - 101622

Published: Aug. 4, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Heatwaves intensification in Australia: A consistent trajectory across past, present and future

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 742, P. 140521 - 140521

Published: June 25, 2020

Heatwaves are defined as unusually high temperature events that occur for at least three consecutive days with major impacts to human health, economy, agriculture and ecosystems. This paper investigates: 1) changes in heatwave characteristics such peak temperature, number of events, frequency duration over a past 67-year period Australia; 2) projected this century Queensland, northeast 3) the avoided limiting global warming by 1.5 °C, 2.0 °C 3.0 °C. The results reveal heatwaves have increased intensity, across Australia 67 years, intensification was particularly higher on recent decades. Downscaled future climate projections Queensland suggest will further intensify current century. also highlight distinct climatic regions within may different responses under warming, where tropical equatorial appear be more sensitive elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations than temperate arid regions. offer new insights support adaptation mitigation regional scales. These findings already being used health emergency services inform development statewide policies mitigate impacts.

Language: Английский

---

Drought in Portugal: Current regime, comparison of indices and impacts on extreme wildfires

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 685, P. 150 - 173

Published: May 23, 2019

Language: Английский

---

Assessing impacts of future climate change on extreme fire weather and pyro-regions in Iberian Peninsula

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 754, P. 142233 - 142233

Published: Sept. 6, 2020

Language: Английский

---

Analysis of heat stress and heat wave in the four metropolitan cities of India in recent period

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 818, P. 151788 - 151788

Published: Nov. 23, 2021

Language: Английский

---

Understanding attitudes towards the adoption of nature-based solutions and policy priorities shaped by stakeholders’ awareness of climate change

Environmental Science & Policy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 131, P. 149 - 159

Published: Feb. 10, 2022

Climate change is affecting cities worldwide. Accordingly, are required to find sustainable solutions tackle climate change's effects, designing bottom-up policies enhance their success. The involvement of stakeholders plays a central role in the definition appropriate challenges posed by change. Nature-based (NBS) increasingly proposed adapt and mitigate adverse effects This study aims assess coherence emerging from stakeholders' perceptions urban preferred NBS them. Indeed, it considers whether departing different challenges, choices present coherent articulation between priority interventions, expected benefits. Using survey applied two Portuguese chi-squared automatic interaction detector (CHAID) algorithm, we analyse answers provided stakeholders. preferences were not significantly influenced hierarchical position institutions, city's location socioeconomic setting. Heatwaves temperature rise together with drought water scarcity identified as future Portugal. Priority well benefits, addressed. results show that may make decisions form policy, which acknowledgment interconnects related suitable

Language: Английский

---