Frontiers in Marine Science,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
9
Published: March 9, 2022
Plastic
pollution
is
a
fast-rising
environmental
catastrophe.
Microplastics
and
nanoplastics
(MNPs)
are
ubiquitous
components
of
most
aquatic
environments,
their
burgeoning
prevalence
endangering
organisms.
Recent
studies
have
documented
the
entanglement
marine
freshwater
biota
by
plastic
litters,
particularly
ghost
fishing
gear,
resulting
in
suffocation,
drowning,
or
starving
to
death.
Numerous
reports
shown
that
organisms
readily
ingest
accumulate
these
emerging
contaminants
digestive
systems.
Given
experimental
evidence
contaminants-laden
MNPs
can
persist
gastrointestinal
tract
for
considerable
durations,
investigations
high
probability
lethal
sublethal
toxicological
effects
associated
with
direct
indirect
ingestions.
These
include
chronic
protein
modulation,
DNA
damage,
embryotoxicity,
toxicity,
genotoxicity,
growth
inhibition
histopathotoxicity,
liver
neurotoxicity,
oxidative
stress,
reproductive
tissue
damage.
Today,
proven
transfer
across
food
web
humans.
However,
mechanisms
multiple
MNPs-induced
toxicities,
size-dependent
comprehensive
mode-of-action
alterations
digestive,
reproductive,
neurological
systems’
functionality
still
unclear.
Thus,
this
review
mainly
addresses
prevalence,
interactions,
toxicity
assessment
micro(nano)
plastics
It
summarizes
based
on
following
broad
objectives:
(1)
occurrence
particles
environments;
(2)
ingestion
exposure
routes
bioaccumulation
contaminated
higher
trophic
entities;
(3)
adsorption
desorption
persistent
organic
pollutants,
metals,
chemical
additives
on/from
micro(nano)plastics;
(4)
probable
ecotoxicological
micro(nano)plastics
biota.
Progress in Earth and Planetary Science,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
8(1)
Published: Jan. 22, 2021
Abstract
Microplastic
pollutes
water,
land,
air,
and
groundwater
environments
not
only
visually
but
also
ecologically
for
plants,
animals,
humans.
has
been
reported
to
act
as
vectors
by
sorbing
pollutants
contributing
the
bioaccumulation
of
pollutants,
particularly
in
marine
ecosystems,
organisms,
subsequently
food
webs.
The
inevitable
exposure
microplastic
humans
emphasises
need
review
potential
effects,
pathways,
toxicity
toward
human
health.
Therefore,
this
was
aimed
reveal
risks
pollutant
sorption
humans,
well
dominant
types
sorbed
microplastic,
that
are
bioaccumulated
living
organisms
ecosystem.
possible
factors
influencing
ecosystems
were
reviewed.
revealed
prevailing
abundance
geographical
distribution
aquatic
environment
globally.
literature
characteristics,
chemical
interactions,
water
properties
played
a
role
microplastic.
evidence
posing
direct
medical
threat
is
still
lacking
albeit
substantial
health
hazards
microplastic-associated
monomers,
additives,
pollutants.
This
recommends
future
research
on
existing
knowledge
gaps
research,
which
include
Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
51(22), P. 2681 - 2743
Published: Aug. 24, 2020
Fourier
transform
infrared
(FTIR)
spectroscopy
has
been
extensively
used
in
microplastic
(MP)
pollution
research
since
2004.
The
aim
of
this
review
is
to
discuss
and
highlight
the
recent
advances
FTIR
(spectroscopy
chemical
imaging)
techniques
that
are
characterize
various
polymer
types
MPs
trace
their
fate
transport
different
environmental
matrices.
More
than
400
papers
dealing
with
MP
research,
which
published
between
January
2010
December
2019,
have
identified
from
Scopus
Web
Science
databases.
present
sediment,
water
(marine
freshwater),
biota,
air/dust,
waste
treatment
plants
salt
further
classified
according
(1)
characterization
identification,
(2)
weathering
aging,
(3)
ecotoxicology,
(4)
analytical
methods.
results
revealed
ATR-FTIR
technique
mostly
identify
found
sediment.
µFTIR
(FTIR
study
ingestion
biota
(both
marine
freshwater).
In
article,
we
summarized
current
knowledge
application
provided
insights
future
challenges
for
understanding
risk
MPs.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
54(24), P. 15594 - 15603
Published: Oct. 23, 2020
Micro-
and
nanoplastics
are
considered
one
of
the
top
pollutants
that
threaten
environment,
aquatic
life,
mammalian
(including
human)
health.
Unfortunately,
development
uncomplicated
but
reliable
analytical
methods
sensitive
to
individual
microplastic
particles,
with
sizes
smaller
than
1
μm,
remains
incomplete.
Here,
we
demonstrate
detection
identification
(single)
micro-
by
using
surface-enhanced
Raman
spectroscopy
(SERS)
Klarite
substrates.
is
an
exceptional
SERS
substrate;
it
shaped
as
a
dense
grid
inverted
pyramidal
cavities
made
gold.
Numerical
simulations
these
(or
pits)
strongly
focus
incident
light
into
intense
hotspots.
We
show
has
potential
facilitate
synthesized
atmospheric/aquatic
down
360
nm.
find
enhancement
factors
up
2
orders
magnitude
for
polystyrene
analytes.
In
addition,
detect
identify
microplastics
450
nm
on
Klarite,
samples
extracted
from
ambient,
airborne
particles.
Moreover,
mapping
fast
technique
submicron
The
results
facile
systematically
measure
in
environment.
This
research
important
step
toward
detecting
nanoscale
plastic
particles
may
cause
toxic
effects
life
when
present
high
concentrations.
