Advances in Atmospheric Sciences,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
39(6), P. 819 - 860
Published: Jan. 25, 2022
Urban
environments
lie
at
the
confluence
of
social,
cultural,
and
economic
activities
have
unique
biophysical
characteristics
due
to
continued
infrastructure
development
that
generally
replaces
natural
landscapes
with
built-up
structures.
The
vast
majority
studies
on
urban
perturbation
local
weather
climate
been
centered
heat
island
(UHI)
effect,
referring
higher
temperature
in
cities
compared
their
surroundings.
Besides
UHI
effect
waves,
urbanization
also
impacts
atmospheric
moisture,
wind,
boundary
layer
structure,
cloud
formation,
dispersion
air
pollutants,
precipitation,
storms.
In
this
review
article,
we
first
introduce
datasets
methods
used
studying
areas
through
both
observation
modeling
then
summarize
scientific
insights
impact
various
aspects
regional
extreme
based
more
than
500
studies.
We
highlight
major
research
gaps
challenges
our
understanding
provide
perspective
recommendations
for
future
priorities
directions.城市环境位于社会、文化和经济活动的结合点,城市下垫面具有独特的生物物理特征。在城市化过程中持续的基础设施建设导致自然景观被建筑物替代。在过去很长时间,绝大部分城市影响天气气候的研究和城市热岛效应(城市及上空温度高于周边地区)有关。除了城市热岛效应,城市化也影响大气湿度、风、边界层结构、云的形成、污染物扩散、降水和暴雨。在这篇综述文章中,我们阅览了超过五百篇文献,从观测和模拟两个方面,首先介绍了用于城市化及影响研究的数据资料和方法,总结了城市化影响区域气候和极端天气的各个领域的科学要点。我们也例举了在理解城市化影响方面目前存在的主要问题和挑战,提出了相应的未来研究重点和方向。.
Sustainability,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
14(15), P. 9234 - 9234
Published: July 28, 2022
Many
cities
of
the
world
suffer
from
air
pollution
because
poor
planning
and
design
heavy
traffic
in
rapidly
expanding
urban
environments.
These
conditions
are
exacerbated
due
to
Urban
Heat
Island
(UHI)
effect.
While
there
have
been
studies
linking
built
environment
with
health,
they
ignored
aggravating
role
UHI.
The
past
literature
this
field
has
also
science
materials,
vehicles
pollution,
technological
solutions
for
reducing
cumulative
health
impacts
Air
Pollution,
human
complex
discussion
factors
that
involve
several
different
fields.
is
linked
through
opportunities
physical
activity
quality.
Recent
focuses
on
creating
compact
walkable
areas
dotted
green
infrastructure
promote
reduce
vehicle
emission-related
pollution.
Reduced
car
use
leading
reduced
UHI
implied
literature.
technology
fields
speaks
issue
directly.
Zero
emission
cars,
building
materials
absorb
pollutants
fall
within
category.
This
paper
identifies
main
themes
two
streams
impact
presents
a
systematic
review
academic
papers,
policy
documents,
reports
features
print
media
published
last
10–20
years.
Sustainable Cities and Society,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
81, P. 103872 - 103872
Published: March 31, 2022
The
Urban
Heat
Island
(UHI)
effect
represents
a
threat
to
the
well-being
of
cities.
Cities
must
adapt
this
phenomenon,
prioritizing
improvement
outdoor
environment
quality.
materials
have
great
impact
on
quality,
energy
demand,
and
citizens'
well-being.
Based
literature,
it
can
be
stated
that
changing
albedo
on-site
(pavements,
facades)
is
relevant
strategy.
environmental
reflective
from
buildings
urban
microclimate
has
been
widely
discussed
in
literature.
However,
few
publications
assess
role
inner
courtyards.
This
work
uses
simulation
results
evaluate
different
surface
thermal
performance
comfort
courtyard
Seville.
To
do
so,
tool
ENVI-met,
one
most
used
for
spaces,
validated
through
comparison
with
monitoring
results.
In
conclusion,
high
reflectance
compromises
user
up
5
°C
PET
despite
fact
use
surfaces
reduces
temperature
25
low
as
accumulates
less
heat
by
reflecting
more
solar
radiation.
Some
recommendations
given
include
medium
(around
0.4)
walls
balance
positive
negative
effects,
pavements
(above
0.7).
Ecological Indicators,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
156, P. 111137 - 111137
Published: Oct. 29, 2023
Urban
flooding
risks,
often
overlooked
by
conventional
methods,
can
be
profoundly
affected
city
configurations.
However,
explainable
Artificial
Intelligence
could
provide
insights
into
how
urban
configurations
flooding.
This
study,
taking
entered
on
Shenzhen
City,
deploys
an
XGBoost,
integrating
SHapley
Additive
exPlanation
and
Partial
Dependency
Plots,
to
assess
morphology
influences
susceptibility.
The
models
strategies
presented
in
this
study
aimed
adapt
extreme
storms
from
the
perspective
of
spatial
configuration
planning.
findings
underscore
varying
impact
disaster
variables
flooding,
with
morphological
attributes
becoming
highly
significant
during
severe
inundations.
In
analysis,
mean
building
volume
emerged
as
a
pivotal
parameter,
SHAP
value
0.0107
m
contribution
ratio
9.70
%.
indicates
that
should
optimized
minimize
risks.
It
is
recommended
Mean
Building
Volume
(MBV)
maintained
within
range
1.25
km3
2.5
km3,
Standard
Deviation
(SDBV)
kept
below
2.814
km3.
By
harnessing
algorithms,
offers
intricate
relationship
between
forms
flood
risk,
thereby
informing
development
effective
adaptation
strategies.
