Effects of acidification on nitrification and associated nitrous oxide emission in estuarine and coastal waters

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: March 13, 2023

In the context of an increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) level, acidification estuarine and coastal waters is greatly exacerbated by land-derived nutrient inputs, upwelling, complex biogeochemical processes. A deeper understanding how nitrifiers respond to intensifying thus crucial predict response ecosystems their contribution global climate change. Here, we show that can significantly decrease nitrification rate but stimulate generation byproduct nitrous oxide (N2O) in waters. By varying CO2 concentration pH independently, expected beneficial effect elevated on activity ("CO2-fertilization" effect) excluded under acidification. Metatranscriptome data further demonstrate could up-regulate gene expressions associated with intracellular homeostasis cope stress. This study highlights molecular underpinnings effects greenhouse gas N2O emission, helps evolution change human activities.

Language: Английский

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Natural and Anthropogenic Drivers of Acidification in Large Estuaries

Annual Review of Marine Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 23 - 55

Published: Sept. 21, 2020

Oceanic uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere has changed ocean biogeochemistry and threatened health organisms through a process known as acidification (OA). Such large-scale changes affect ecosystem functions can have impacts on societal uses, fisheries resources, economies. In many large estuaries, CO2-induced is enhanced by strong stratification, long water residence times, eutrophication, weak acid-base buffer capacity. this article, we review how variety processes influence aquatic properties in estuarine waters, including coastal upwelling, river-ocean mixing, air-water gas exchange, biological production subsequent aerobic anaerobic respiration, calcium carbonate (CaCO3) dissolution, benthic inputs. We emphasize spatial temporal dynamics partial pressure CO2 (pCO2), pH, mineral saturation states. Examples three estuaries-Chesapeake Bay, Salish Sea, Prince William Sound-are used to illustrate natural climate change may manifest differently across well implications OA calcifiers.

Language: Английский

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Natural Analogues in pH Variability and Predictability across the Coastal Pacific Estuaries: Extrapolation of the Increased Oyster Dissolution under Increased pH Amplitude and Low Predictability Related to Ocean Acidification

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 56(12), P. 9015 - 9028

Published: May 12, 2022

Coastal-estuarine habitats are rapidly changing due to global climate change, with impacts influenced by the variability of carbonate chemistry conditions. However, our understanding responses ecologically and economically important calcifiers pH temporal variation is limited, particularly respect shell-building processes. We investigated mechanisms driving biomineralogical physiological in juveniles introduced (Pacific; Crassostrea gigas) native (Olympia; Ostrea lurida) oysters under flow-through experimental conditions over a six-week period that simulate current future conditions: static control low (8.0 7.7); fluctuating (24-h) amplitude (7.7 ± 0.2 7.7 0.5); high-frequency (12-h) 0.2) treatment. The showed tolerance vital processes, including calcification, respiration, clearance, survival. shell dissolution significantly increased larger amplitudes compared conditions, attributable longer cumulative exposure lower threshold amplitude. Moreover, treatment triggered greater dissolution, likely because oyster's inability respond unpredictable frequency variations. findings were extrapolated provide context for existing several Pacific coastal estuaries, time series analyses demonstrating unique signatures predictability these habitats, indicating potentially benefiting effects on fitness habitats. These implications crucial evaluating suitability aquaculture, adaptation, carbon dioxide removal strategies.

Language: Английский

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Nitrogen input modulates the effects of coastal acidification on nitrification and associated N2O emission

Water Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 261, P. 122041 - 122041

Published: July 3, 2024

Language: Английский

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A decade-long cruise time series (2008–2018) of physical and biogeochemical conditions in the southern Salish Sea, North America

Earth system science data, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 837 - 865

Published: Feb. 8, 2024

Abstract. Coastal and estuarine waters of the northern California Current system southern Salish Sea host an observational network capable characterizing biogeochemical dynamics related to ocean acidification, hypoxia, marine heatwaves. Here, we compiled data sets from a set cruises conducted in Puget Sound (southern Sea) its boundary (Strait Juan de Fuca Washington coast). This product provides decade with consistent formatting, extended quality control, multiple units for parameters such as oxygen different end use needs conventions. All obtained high-quality temperature, salinity, inorganic carbon, nutrient, observations provide insight into dynamic distribution physical conditions this large urban estuary complex on west coast North America. At all sampling stations, conductivity–temperature–depth (CTD) casts included sensors measuring conductivity, pressure, concentrations. Laboratory analyses discrete water samples collected at stations throughout column Niskin bottles provided measurements dissolved carbon (DIC), oxygen, nutrient (nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, phosphate, silicate), total alkalinity (TA) content. includes 35 research cruises, including 715 oceanographic profiles, >7490 sensor oxygen; ≥6070 samples; ≥4462 variables (i.e., DIC TA). The comprising cruise compilation collectively characterize spatial temporal variability region ranges (temperature = 6.0–21.8 ∘C, salinity 15.6–34.0) (oxygen 12–481 µmol kg−1, 1074–2362 1274–2296 kg−1) central understanding acidification hypoxia productive numerous interacting human impacts ecosystems. conform climate-quality observing guidelines Global Ocean Acidification Observing Network, US National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration's Program, community best practices. ongoing time series supports coastal monitoring objectives Center Administration (NOAA) Research programs, it diverse users information needed frame biological research, validate numerical models, inform state tribal fisheries management, support decision-makers. 2008–2018 time-series used publication are available https://doi.org/10.25921/zgk5-ep63 (Alin et al., 2022).

Language: Английский

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Seasonality and response of ocean acidification and hypoxia to major environmental anomalies in the southern Salish Sea, North America (2014–2018)

Biogeosciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(7), P. 1639 - 1673

Published: April 4, 2024

Abstract. Coastal and estuarine ecosystems fringing the North Pacific Ocean are particularly vulnerable to ocean acidification, hypoxia, intense marine heatwaves as a result of interactions among natural anthropogenic processes. Here, we characterize variability during seasonally resolved cruise time series (2014–2018) in southern Salish Sea (Puget Sound, Strait Juan de Fuca) nearby coastal waters for select physical (temperature, T; salinity, S) biogeochemical (oxygen, O2; carbon dioxide fugacity, fCO2; aragonite saturation state, Ωarag) parameters. Medians some parameters peaked (T, surface summer, whereas others (S, O2, fCO2) changed progressively across spring–fall, all monotonically or were relatively stable at depth. Ranges varied considerably basins within study region, with stratified consistently most variable. Strong environmental anomalies occurred series, allowing us also qualitatively assess how these affected seasonal patterns interannual variability. The peak temperature anomaly associated 2013–2016 northeast heatwave–El Niño event was observed boundary October 2014 cruise, but Puget Sound cruises revealed largest increases 2015–2016 timeframe. extreme hypoxia acidification measurements date recorded Hood Canal (which had conditions) same period; however, they shifted earlier year relative previous events. During autumn 2017, after heat anomaly, distinct carbonate system unprecedentedly low Ωarag values high fCO2 parts that not normally so acidified. This novel “CO2 storm” appears have been driven by anomalously river discharge which resulted enhanced stratification inferred primary productivity anomalies, indicated persistently fCO2, chlorophyll. Unusually, this CO2 decoupled from O2 dynamics compared past complex interplay weather, hydrological, circulation multi-stressor scenarios will potentially affect regional under changing climate. Further, frequencies observations crossed known preliminary species' sensitivity thresholds illustrates risk landscape temperature, present day, implications multiple stressors may combine potential migration, survival, physiological challenges key species. data product used publication is available https://doi.org/10.25921/zgk5-ep63 (Alin et al., 2022), an additional including calculated https://doi.org/10.25921/5g29-q841 2023).

Language: Английский

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Variability in storm season intensity modulates ocean acidification conditions in the northern Strait of Georgia

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Large changes in marine CO2 chemistry manifest areas with weakly-buffered seawater where ocean acidification (OA) acts concert natural additions. These settings can exhibit periods of extreme OA the form multiple co-occurring stressors, including calcite undersaturation and low pH. Such conditions were observed northern Strait Georgia, on northeast Pacific coast, spanned a 3-year period. Here, we utilized an 8-year, highly-resolved record partial pressure total dissolved inorganic carbon to decompose drivers this OA. We find that variability storm season intensity shaped extent conservative mixing biogeochemical such manifests arise setting. Extreme manifested during years weak seasons due direct indirect factors reduced impact mixing. This sensitivity highlights how vulnerable Georgia is subtle environmental forcing provides some predictive capacity for over coming year. results illustrate not "slow burn" process within settings, but rather invokes intensification poorly understood biological implications.

Language: Английский

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Marine CO<sub>2</sub> system variability along the northeast Pacific Inside Passage determined from an Alaskan ferry

Biogeosciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(4), P. 1277 - 1301

Published: March 3, 2022

Abstract. Information on marine CO2 system variability has been limited along the northeast Pacific Inside Passage despite region's rich biodiversity, abundant fisheries, and developing aquaculture industry. Beginning in 2017, Alaska Marine Highway System M/V Columbia served as a platform for surface underway data collection while conducting twice weekly ∼1600 km transits between Bellingham, Washington, Skagway, Alaska. patterns were evaluated using measurements made over 2-year period, which revealed seasonal cycle dominant mode of temporal variability. The amplitude this signal varied spatially was modulated by relative influences tidal mixing, net community production, magnitude character freshwater input. Surface water pHT (total hydrogen ion scale) aragonite saturation state (Ωarag) determined carbon dioxide partial pressure (pCO2) with alkalinity derived from regional salinity-based relationship, intervals discrete seawater samples pH measurements. High-pCO2, low-pHT, corrosive Ωarag conditions (Ωarag<1) seen during winter within persistent mixing zones, values also areas that receive significant glacial melt summer. Biophysical drivers are shown to dominate pCO2 most except highly impacted melt. extremes characterized based degrees severity, differences evident. Computations time detection identified zones strategic observing sites relatively short spans required capture secular trends equivalent contemporary rise atmospheric CO2. Finally, estimates anthropogenic showed notable spatiotemporal Changes total content ([H+]T), pHT, industrial era an level consistent 1.5 ∘C warmer climate theoretically evaluated. These calculations greater absolute changes [H+]T opposed larger change acidification everywhere exceeded global average, specific areas, namely Johnstone Strait Salish Sea, standing out potential bellwethers emergence biological ocean (OA) impacts. Nearly half is expected coming 15 years, trajectory continues be shaped fossil–fuel development.

Language: Английский

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Unifying biological field observations to detect and compare ocean acidification impacts across marine species and ecosystems: what to monitor and why

Ocean science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(1), P. 101 - 119

Published: Jan. 25, 2023

Abstract. Approximately one-quarter of the CO2 emitted to atmosphere annually from human activities is absorbed by ocean, resulting in a reduction seawater pH and shifts carbonate chemistry. This multi-decadal process, termed “anthropogenic ocean acidification” (OA), has been shown have detrimental impacts on marine ecosystems. Recent years seen globally coordinated effort measure changes chemistry caused OA, with best practices now available for these measurements. In contrast substantial advances observing physicochemical due quantifying their biological consequences remains challenging, especially situ observations under real-world conditions. Results 2 decades controlled laboratory experiments OA given insight into likely processes mechanisms which elevated levels affect but manifestation process across plethora natural situations yet be fully explored. challenge requires us identify set fundamental ecological indicators that are (i) relevant all ecosystems, (ii) strongly demonstrated link (iii) implications health provision ecosystem services local management strategies economies. paper draws understanding provided wealth previous experiments, as well findings recent meta-analyses, propose five broad classes that, when coupled environmental including chemistry, would allow rate severity change response observed compared. These applicable different systems, methods data analysis suggested here researchers combine regional global scales correlating rates parameters. Moreover, method using observation design an optimal strategy (frequency duration) observe meaningful highlights factors need considered applying our proposed strategy. innovative methodology allows inclusion wide diversity ecosystems assessments potential increase contribution countries developing science capacity.

Language: Английский

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Evidence for an effective defence against ocean acidification in the key bioindicator pteropod Limacina helicina

ICES Journal of Marine Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 80(5), P. 1329 - 1341

Published: May 12, 2023

Abstract The pteropod Limacina helicina has become an important bioindicator species for the negative impacts of ocean acidification (OA) on marine ecosystems. However, pteropods diversified during earlier high CO2 periods in Earth history and currently inhabit regions that are naturally corrosive to their shells, suggesting they possess mechanisms survive unfavourable conditions. Recent work, which is still under considerable debate, proposed periostracum, a thin organic coating outer shell, protects from shell dissolution. Here, we provide direct evidence shows damage L. periostracum results dissolution underlying when exposed water ∼8 d, while intact same This first line defence suggests more resistant OA-induced than generally accepted.

Language: Английский

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