Environmental Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
58(8), P. 3931 - 3941
Published: Feb. 13, 2024
High
global
plastic
production
volumes
have
led
to
the
widespread
presence
of
bisphenol
compounds
in
human
living
and
working
environments.
The
most
common
bisphenol,
A
(BPA),
despite
being
endocrine
disruptive
estrogenic,
is
still
not
fully
banned
worldwide,
leading
continued
exposure
via
particles
air,
dust,
surfaces
both
outdoor
indoor
While
its
abundance
well
documented,
few
studies
addressed
chemical
transformations
BPA,
properties
reactive
products,
their
toxicity.
Here,
first
gas-surface
multiphase
ozonolysis
experiment
BPA
thin
films,
at
a
constant
ozone
mixing
ratio
100
ppb,
was
performed
flow
tube
for
periods
up
24
h.
Three
transformation
products
involving
addition
1,
2,
3
oxygen
atoms
molecule
were
identified
by
LC-ESI-HRMS
analyses.
Exposure
air
surface
films
BPA-containing
thermal
paper
over
days
validated
experiments,
demonstrating
rapid
nature
this
reaction
atmospherically
relevant
levels.
Multiple
pathways
are
proposed
that
likely
applicable
only
but
also
emerging
commercial
products.
Frontiers in Nutrition,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
9
Published: Nov. 3, 2022
Bisphenol
A
(BPA)
is
a
synthetic
chemical
widely
employed
to
synthesize
epoxy
resins,
polymer
materials,
and
polycarbonate
plastics.
BPA
abundant
in
the
environment,
i.e.,
food
containers,
water
bottles,
thermal
papers,
toys,
medical
devices,
etc.,
incorporated
into
soil/water
through
leaching.
Being
potent
endocrine
disrupter,
has
potential
alter
several
body
mechanisms.
Studies
confirmed
its
anti-androgen
action
estrogen-like
effects,
which
impart
many
negative
health
impacts,
especially
on
immune
system,
neuroendocrine
process,
reproductive
mechanism.
Moreover,
it
can
also
induce
mutagenesis
carcinogenesis,
as
per
recent
scientific
research.
This
review
focuses
BPA's
presence
concentrations
different
environments,
sources
basic
mechanisms
of
BPA-induced
toxicity
disruptions.
It
unique
type
because
association
cancer,
hormonal
disruption,
immunosuppression,
infertility
with
BPA.
These
issues
are
widespread
today,
significantly
contributes
their
incidence
wide
usage
daily
life
utensils
other
accessories.
The
discusses
researched-based
measures
cope
toxic
chemical.
Journal of the Endocrine Society,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
8(2)
Published: Jan. 5, 2024
Abstract
Context
Chemicals
used
in
plastics
have
been
described
to
contribute
disease
and
disability,
but
attributable
fractions
not
quantified
assess
specific
contributions.
Without
this
information,
interventions
proposed
as
part
of
the
Global
Plastics
Treaty
cannot
be
evaluated
for
potential
benefits.
Objective
To
accurately
inform
tradeoffs
involved
ongoing
reliance
on
plastic
production
a
source
economic
productivity
United
States,
we
calculated
burden
cost
due
chemicals
materials
2018.
Methods
We
first
analyzed
existing
literature
identify
plastic-related
(PRF)
disability
polybrominated
diphenylethers
(PBDE),
phthalates,
bisphenols,
polyfluoroalkyl
substances
perfluoroalkyl
(PFAS).
then
updated
previously
published
estimates
these
States
By
uniting
data,
computed
costs
States.
Results
identified
PRFs
97.5%
bisphenol
A
(96.25-98.75%
sensitivity
analysis),
98%
(96%-99%)
di-2-ethylhexylphthalate,
100%
(71%-100%)
butyl
phthalates
benzyl
(97%-99%)
PBDE-47,
93%
(16%-96%)
PFAS.
In
total,
estimate
$249
billion
(sensitivity
analysis:
$226
billion-$289
billion)
plastic-attributable
The
majority
arose
result
PBDE
exposure,
though
$66.7
($64.7
billion-67.3
was
phthalate
exposure
$22.4
PFAS
$3.85-$60.1
billion).
Conclusion
substantially
associated
social
accounting
1.22%
gross
domestic
product.
pollution
will
continue
accumulate
long
exposures
at
current
levels.
Actions
through
other
policy
initiatives
reduce
proportion
actual
reductions
chemical
achieved.
EFSA Journal,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
22(7)
Published: July 1, 2024
The
European
Commission
asked
EFSA
to
update
its
2011
risk
assessment
on
tetrabromobisphenol
A
(TBBPA)
and
five
derivatives
in
food.
Neurotoxicity
carcinogenicity
were
considered
as
the
critical
effects
of
TBBPA
rodent
studies.
available
evidence
indicates
that
occurs
via
non-genotoxic
mechanisms.
Taking
into
account
new
data,
CONTAM
Panel
it
appropriate
set
a
tolerable
daily
intake
(TDI).
Based
decreased
interest
social
interaction
male
mice,
lowest
observed
adverse
effect
level
(LOAEL)
0.2
mg/kg
body
weight
(bw)
per
day
was
identified
selected
reference
point
for
characterisation.
Applying
default
uncertainty
factor
100
inter-
intraspecies
variability,
3
extrapolate
from
LOAEL
NOAEL,
TDI
0.7
μg/kg
bw
established.
Around
2100
analytical
results
food
used
estimate
dietary
exposure
population.
most
important
contributors
chronic
LB
fish
seafood,
meat
products
milk
dairy
products.
estimates
all
below
TDI,
including
those
estimated
breastfed
formula-fed
infants.
Accounting
uncertainties
affecting
assessment,
concluded
with
90%-95%
certainty
current
does
not
raise
health
concern
any
population
groups
considered.
There
insufficient
data
toxicity
derive
points,
or
allow
comparison
would
support
assignment
an
group
purposes
combined
assessment.
Electronic Journal of General Medicine,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
22(2), P. em632 - em632
Published: Feb. 13, 2025
Indoor
air
quality
(IAQ)
at
educational
institutions
has
emerged
as
an
important
public
health
issue,
affecting
the
and
cognitive
performance
of
school-aged
children,
students,
faculty
alike.
This
scoping
review
study
seeks
to
investigate
synthesize
current
literature
on
factors
influencing
state
research
IAQ
in
its
implications
for
health.
The
methodology
this
is
with
guidelines
preferred
reporting
items
extension
reviews.
technique
thoroughly
investigated
peer-reviewed
journals,
international
organizations,
government
reports,
case
studies
contexts.
Using
keywords
such
IAQ;
institutions;
health;
Europe,
“adverse
outcomes,”
study’s
inclusion
exclusion
criteria,
well
criteria
use
assessments.
results
show
that
poor
linked
various
problems,
including
respiratory
issues
impairments,
especially
among
vulnerable
groups
like
children
teachers.
Inadequate
ventilation,
volatile
organic
compounds,
mold
growth,
external
contaminants
are
all
common
causes
IAQ.
Monitoring
management
measures
required
improve
Educational
Institutions,
encouraging
students’
academic
performance.
Policy
also
interdisciplinary
approaches
addressing
concern.