Concentrations of tire wear microplastics and other traffic-derived non-exhaust particles in the road environment

Environment International, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 170, P. 107618 - 107618

Published: Nov. 3, 2022

Tire wear particles (TWP) are assumed to be one of the major sources microplastic pollution environment. However, many previously published studies based on theoretical estimations rather than field measurements. To increase knowledge regarding actual environmental concentrations, samples were collected and analyzed from different matrices in a rural highway environment characterize quantify TWP other traffic-derived non-exhaust particles. The sampled included road dust (from kerb in-between wheeltracks), runoff (water sediment), air. In addition, airborne deposition was determined transect with increasing distance road. Two sieved size fractions (2-20 µm 20-125 µm) by automated Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX) single particle analysis classified machine learning algorithm into following subclasses: TWP, bitumen (BiWP), markings, reflecting glass beads, metals, minerals, biogenic/organic relative number concentrations (%) showed that contained highest proportion (up 38 %). share tended higher BiWP. seasonal BiWP observed coarse (20-125 during winter, most likely studded tire use. concentration subclasses within PM80-1 decreases road, evidencing traffic as main emission source. results confirm surrounding contain microplastics both fractions. finer fraction dominated (by mass, volume, number) all sample matrices. These have high potential transported water air far away source can contribute inhalable (PM10) This highlights importance including also future investigations.

Language: Английский

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Identification and quantification of tire wear particles by employing different cross-validation techniques: FTIR-ATR Micro-FTIR, Pyr-GC/MS, and SEM

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 326, P. 121511 - 121511

Published: March 24, 2023

Tire wear particles (TWPs) are one of the environment's most important emission sources microplastics. In this work, chemical identification these was carried out in highway stormwater runoff through cross-validation techniques for first time. Optimization a pre-treatment method (i.e., extraction and purification) provided to extract TWPs, avoiding their degradation denaturation, prevent getting low recognizable consequently underestimates quantification. Specific markers were used TWPs comparing real samples reference materials via FTIR-ATR, Micro-FTIR, Pyrolysis-gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry (Pyr-GC/MS). Quantification Micro-FTIR (microscopic counting); abundance ranged from 220,371 ± 651 TWPs/L 358,915 831 TWPs/L, while higher mass 39,6 9 mg lowest 31,0 8 TWPs/L. Most analyzed less than 100 μm size. The sizes also confirmed using scanning electron microscope (SEM), including presence potential nano samples. Elemental analysis SEM supported that complex mixture heterogeneous composition characterizes by agglomerating organic inorganic could derive brake road wear, pavement, dust, asphalts, construction work. Due analytical lack knowledge about quantification scientific literature, study significantly contributes providing novel methodology emerging contaminants runoff. results highlight uttermost necessity employ techniques, i.e., Pyr-GC/MS, environmental

Language: Английский

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Analytical challenges and possibilities for the quantification of tire-road wear particles

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 165, P. 117121 - 117121

Published: June 10, 2023

As one of the largest sources microplastic particle emissions, tire-road wear mixtures (TRWPs) pose a potentially high threat to various environmental compartments. Their heterogenous properties, from varying size, density, shape, texture, elemental and chemical composition, cause challenging analytical workflows. Current methods for TRWP can be summarized in two main groups: single-particle-based bulk-based methods. Both groups include large variation methods, with different demands sampling sample pre-treatment, possible outputs. This review provides an overview current used studies particularly quantifications, focus on that have been peer-reviewed tested samples. The presents possibilities limitations approaches, as well highlighting gaps knowledge information needed move this research field forward.

Language: Английский

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Contribution of Road Vehicle Tyre Wear to Microplastics and Ambient Air Pollution

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 522 - 522

Published: Jan. 7, 2024

Tyre particles are generated by shear forces between the tread and road or volatilisation. abrasion (wear) contributes from one-third to half of microplastics unintentionally released into environment. The major part ends up in soil, a considerable amount is aquatic environment, small percentage becomes airborne. Nevertheless, tyre 5–30% transport particulate matter (PM) emissions. This corresponds approximately 5% total ambient PM particle mass size distribution peak at around 20 100 μm, with second 2–10 μm range. A nucleation mode has been reported some studies. absolute levels depend on tyre, vehicle, characteristics, but also environmental conditions driving style. Most emission factors literature based data prior year 2000. We aggregated recent studies found mean 110 mg/km per vehicle 68 mg/km/t for passenger cars (based 300 measurements). Based limited number studies, PM10 emissions were 1.4–2.2 tyre. On other hand, order 1010 #/km ratio was be 2.5% average. Finally, PM2.5 calculated 40%. Various mitigation measures pollution could envisaged; most direct limitation rate, as proposed European Commission Euro 7 regulation. Other regulatory initiatives discussed.

Language: Английский

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Facile exfoliation and physicochemical characterization of Thespesia populnea plant leaves based bioplasticizer macromolecules reinforced with polylactic acid biofilms for packaging applications

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 261, P. 129771 - 129771

Published: Jan. 28, 2024

Language: Английский

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An overview of the key topics related to the study of tire particles and their chemical leachates: From problems to solutions

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 172, P. 117563 - 117563

Published: Jan. 30, 2024

The environmental contamination and biological impacts of tire particles their associated chemicals is great concern. Variously termed as wear (TWP), road (TRWP), end-of-life tires (ELTs) to differentiate between possible compositions sources in the environment, these rubber are a major source plastic pollution. array added that leach into environment presents an additional environmental, toxicological regulatory challenge. In this review, we define several topic areas relevant study particles, outlining current state ongoing challenges. Emissions estimates needed establish loads based on dated, summarised dataset rather than measured data, but determining presence hampered by lack standardised sampling methods. Several techniques for analysis available, variability model composition makes selection analytical markers challenging, does commercial standards. Toxicologically, there remains need delineate particle leachate effects and, addition, investigate emerging concern transformation products. Such knowledge required feed processes which currently regulate constituents separately whole tire. Technological solutions capture or replace progressing, often outside academia, it important scientific community collaborate with those attempting reduce impact tires, including industry.

Language: Английский

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The quantification of the airborne plastic particles of 0.43–11 μm: Procedure development and application to atmospheric environment

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 351, P. 141131 - 141131

Published: Jan. 6, 2024

Language: Английский

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Environmental fate of tire-rubber related pollutants 6PPD and 6PPD-Q: A review

Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 258, P. 119492 - 119492

Published: June 25, 2024

Language: Английский

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Research progress on microplastics in wastewater treatment plants: A holistic review

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 325, P. 116411 - 116411

Published: Oct. 20, 2022

Language: Английский

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Composition and transformation chemistry of tire-wear derived organic chemicals and implications for air pollution

Atmospheric Pollution Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(9), P. 101533 - 101533

Published: Aug. 16, 2022

Pollution derived from car tires is of growing research interest due to its apparent omnipresence in the urban environment and associated toxicity. Studies have focused largely on occurrence these tire materials, deemed wear particles (TWPs), their chemicals aquatic environment. However, less attention has been paid atmospheric TWPs, which can remain airborne be transported over long distances. In addition, there are few studies pertaining gaseous contaminants originating wear, creating a significant knowledge gap. This review aims summarize current state surrounding pollution by detailing relevant conducted under both laboratory ambient environmental conditions. Organic that with this form pollution, including diphenylamine antioxidants, phthalates, benzothiazole, benzotriazoles, alkylphenols were highlighted for potential implications air. While number investigated oxidation environments, highlights clear absence product information There also critical gap physico-chemical properties pollutants. As result, behaviour fate unknown. Based gaps, we propse recommendations future work advance area research.

Language: Английский

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