Environment International,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
190, P. 108814 - 108814
Published: June 13, 2024
The
market
for
artificial
sweeteners
as
substitutes
conventional
sugar
(sucrose)
is
growing,
despite
potential
health
risks
associated
with
their
intake.
Estimating
population
usage
of
therefore
crucial,
and
wastewater
analysis
can
serve
a
complement
to
existing
methods.
This
study
evaluated
spatial
temporal
in
five
Swedish
communities
based
on
analysis.
We
further
compared
levels
measured
the
restrictions
during
COVID-19
pandemic
Sweden
assessed
population.
Influent
samples
(n
=
194)
collected
March
2019-February
2022
from
central
southern
were
analyzed
acesulfame,
saccharin,
sucralose
using
liquid-chromatography
coupled
tandem
mass
spectrometry.
Spatial
differences
loads
individual
sweetener
observed,
being
higher
Kalmar
(southern
Sweden),
acesulfame
saccharin
Enköping
Östhammar
(central
Sweden).
Based
sucrose
equivalent
doses,
all
showed
consistent
prevalence
pattern
>
saccharin.
Four
relatively
short
monitoring
periods
no
apparent
changes
usage,
but
four-year
Uppsala
revealed
significant
(p
<
0.05)
annual
increase
∼19
%
sucralose,
∼9
∼8
trend
instant
or
delayed
effects
restrictions,
reflecting
positively
studied
which
retained
similar
exposure
stresses.
Among
three
sweeteners,
only
acesulfame's
at
lower
end
health-related
threshold
consumption
artificially
sweetened
beverages;
yet,
far
below
acceptable
daily
intake,
indicating
appreciable
risks.
Our
provided
valuable,
pilot
insights
into
spatio-temporal
shows
usefulness
public
authorities
wishing
assess
future
relevant
interventions.
The Science of The Total Environment,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
873, P. 162281 - 162281
Published: Feb. 22, 2023
Micropollutants
monitoring
in
wastewater
can
serve
as
a
picture
of
what
is
consuming
society
and
how
it
impact
the
aquatic
environment.
In
this
work,
suspect
screening
approach
was
used
to
detect
known
unknown
contaminants
samples
collected
from
two
treatment
plants
(WWTPs)
located
Basque
Country
(Crispijana
Alava,
Galindo
Vizcaya)
during
weekly
sampling
campaigns,
which
included
months
April
July
2020,
part
confinement
period
caused
by
COVID-19.
To
that
aim,
high-resolution
mass
spectrometry
collect
full-scan
data-dependent
tandem
spectra
water
using
database
containing
>40,000
chemical
substances.
The
presence
>
80
confirmed
(level
1)
quantified
both
WWTP
samples,
while
at
least
47
compounds
were
tentatively
identified
(2a).
Among
concern,
an
increase
occurrence
some
for
COVID-19
disease
treatment,
such
lopinavir
hydroxychloroquine,
observed
lockdown.
A
prioritization
strategy
environmental
risk
assessment
carried
out
considering
only
effluents
Crispijana
WWTPs.
scored
based
on
removal
efficiency,
estimated
persistency,
bioconcentration
factor,
mobility,
toxicity
potential
frequency
detection
samples.
With
approach,
33
(e.g.
amantadine,
clozapine
or
lopinavir)
found
be
considered
key
analyzed
their
concentration,
toxicity.
Additionally,
antimicrobial
(RQ-AR)
antiviral
(EDRP)
certain
evaluated,
where
ciprofloxacin
fluconazole
represented
medium
antibiotic
resistance
(1
RQ-AR
0.1)
ecosystems.
Regarding
mixture
toxicity,
computed
sum
toxic
unit
values
different
(>
suggest
interactions
between
need
future
assessments.
TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
167, P. 117230 - 117230
Published: Aug. 16, 2023
Wastewater-based
epidemiology
(WBE)
is
used
as
a
surveillance
tool
to
provide
data
on
public
health,
drug
use,
exposure
chemicals
and
lifestyle
habits.
This
approach
can
be
monitor
the
achievement
of
United
Nations
Sustainable
Development
Goals,
such
reducing
alcohol
consumption
use
tobacco.
In
addition,
it
applied
total
caffeine
assess
levels
according
recommended
daily
safety
limit
suggested
by
European
Food
Safety
Authority.
The
purpose
this
review
was
summarize
discuss
analytical
protocols
for
determination
alcohol,
nicotine,
WBE
biomarkers
in
wastewater.
requirements
these
were
thoroughly
investigated.
Furthermore,
back-calculated
population
reviewed.
Finally,
challenges
identified,
future
directions
proposed
fill
knowledge
gaps
improve
quality
information
obtained
from
approach.
International Journal of Interactive Multimedia and Artificial Intelligence,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
8(1), P. 73 - 73
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
From
a
public
health
perspective,
tobacco
use
is
addictive
by
nature
and
triggers
several
cancers,
cardiovascular
respiratory
diseases,
reproductive
disorders,
many
other
adverse
effects
leading
to
deaths.In
this
context,
the
need
eradicate
tobacco-related
problems
increasingly
complex
environments
of
research
require
sophisticated
analytical
methods
handle
large
amounts
data
perform
highly
specialized
tasks.In
study,
time
series
models
are
used:
autoregressive
integrated
moving
average
(ARIMA)
seasonal
(SARIMA)
forecast
impact
COVID-19
on
sales
cigarette
in
Spanish
provinces.To
find
optimal
solution,
initial
combinations
model
parameters
automatically
selected
ARIMA
model,
followed
finding
optimized
based
best
fit
between
predictions
test
data.The
tools
Autocorrelation
Function
(ACF),
Partial
(PACF),
Akaike
Information
Criterion
(AIC),
Bayesian
(BIC)
were
used
assess
reliability
models.The
evaluation
metrics
that
as
criteria
select
are:
mean
absolute
error
(MAE),
root
square
(RMSE),
percentage
(MAPE),
(MPE),
(ME)
standardized
(MASE).The
results
show
national
slight.However,
border
provinces
with
France
or
high
influx
tourists,
strong
has
been
observed.In
addition,
least
observed
Gibraltar.Policymakers
make
right
decisions
about
price
differentials
neighboring
European
countries
when
there
constant
abundant
cross-border
human
transit.To
keep
smoking
under
control,
all
must
harmonized
decisions.
Water Research,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
244, P. 120452 - 120452
Published: Aug. 5, 2023
Drug
consumption
in
prisons
is
a
concern
for
the
safety
of
incarcerated
people
and
staff.
Typically,
drug
use
prevalence
estimated
through
urinalysis
intelligence
operations,
which
can
be
intrusive
stressful.
An
alternative
approach,
wastewater-based
epidemiology
(WBE),
was
used
this
study
to
estimate
licit
illicit
drugs
entire
population
prison
Australia.
Wastewater
samples
were
collected
from
March
December
2020,
covering
periods
no
restrictions
when
access
restricted
prevent
transmission
COVID-19.
Target
biomarkers
analysed
by
liquid
chromatography
coupled
with
tandem
mass
spectrometry
(LC-MS/MS).
The
average
common
(MDMA,
methamphetamine
cocaine)
over
sampling
period
(0.5
-
4.5
mg/1000
people/day)
two
three
orders
magnitude
lower
than
community
(254
1000
people/day).
Comparison
WBE
estimates
against
pharmacy
dispensing
data
suggested
potential
buprenorphine
at
prison.
Methamphetamine
decreased
visitors
allowed
(18%
72%
decrease
methamphetamine;
about
half
buprenorphine)
increased
once
these
eased
(22%
39%
increase
44%
67%
buprenorphine).
changes
may
attributed
part
reduction
trafficking
into
or
non-essential
staffs
reduced
contribution
urine
staff
who
toilets
within
This
provided
useful
information
on
scale
extra-medical
prison,
its
under
different
security
conditions.
Water Research,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
240, P. 120082 - 120082
Published: May 18, 2023
Wastewater-based
epidemiology
(WBE)
approach
provides
objective,
quantitative,
near
real-time
profiles
of
illicit
drug
consumption
by
monitoring
the
concentration
unchanged
parent
drugs
or
their
metabolites
entering
municipal
sewage
system.
Valencia
is
third
most
populous
city
in
Spain
(an
important
country
for
use
and
transit
several
these
drugs).
Estimations
over
long
periods
time
will
help
get
better
understanding
spatial
temporal
trends
licit
drugs.
Accordingly,
applying
"best
practice"
protocol,
16
abuse
were
monitored
this
study,
8
daily
measured
during
one-two
weeks
between
2011
2020
at
inlet
three
wastewater
treatment
plants
City.
Analysis
selected
compounds
was
performed
liquid
chromatography-triple
quadrupole
mass
spectrometry,
concentrations
obtained
used
to
back-calculate
data.
Cannabis,
tobacco,
cocaine
consumed
whereas
opioids
less
used.
Cannabis
are
on
average
2.7-23.4
1.1-2.3
g/day/1000inh,
respectively,
tended
increase
since
2018.
Weekly
characterized
higher
cocaine,
ecstasy,
heroin
weekends
compared
weekdays.
Similarly,
"Las
Fallas"
(main
local
festivity),
increased
amphetamine-type
stimulants,
mainly
MDMA,
measured.
WBE
proved
be
an
objective
useful
methodology
more
insight
consumption,
changes
derived
from
festivities.