Animals,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(4), P. 557 - 557
Published: Feb. 7, 2024
The
aims
of
this
study
were
to
find
suitable
environmental
enrichment
(EE)
and
evaluate
the
combined
effect
two
EEs,
variable
light
intensity
(VL)
lighting
program
EH,
on
mental
health
hepatic
metabolic
regulation
in
commercial
broilers.
To
advantageous
EEs
for
broilers,
three
different
(board,
hut,
ramp)
tested
trial
1.
placed
engagement
birds
dustbathing
behavior,
daily
physical
activity
observed.
Birds
treated
with
huts
showed
higher
than
board-
or
ramp-treated
(p
<
0.05).
results
behavior
indicated
that
hut
(EH)
is
most
favorable
In
second
trial,
test
EHs
conditions,
brain
liver
sampled
from
four
treatment
(20
lx_Con,
20
lx_Hut,
VL_Con
VL_Hut)
day
42.
lower
expression
TPH2
(tryptophan
hydroxylase
2)
VL_Hut
those
lx_Hut
suggests
combining
VL
central
serotonergic
homeostasis
Reduced
expressions
TH
(tyrosine
hydroxylase),
GR
(glucocorticoid
receptor),
BDNF
(brain-derived
neurotrophic
factor)
compared
suggest
stress,
stress
susceptibility,
chronic
social
birds.
CPT1A
(carnitine
palmitoyl
transferase
1)
increased
over
three-fold
lx_Con
(VL_Hut)
significantly
decreased
but
not
lx
lx_Hut).
ACCα
(acetyl-CoA
carboxylase
alpha)
was
There
no
significant
difference
FBPase
(fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase),
GR,
11β-HSD1
(11
β-hydroxysteroid
dehydrogenease-1)
between
birds,
stimulated
suggesting
reduced
fatty
acid
synthesis
β-oxidation
broilers’
improved
de
novo
glucose
production.
Taken
together,
voluntary
by
light-enriched
broiler
house
function
broilers
may
indicate
contributes
efficient
nutritional
support
The Science of The Total Environment,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
901, P. 165951 - 165951
Published: Aug. 1, 2023
This
review
aims
to
analyze
the
recent
studies
about
prebiotics
and
precision
biotics,
as
alternatives
animal
growth
promoters.
These
substances
improve
intestinal
health,
performance
poultry
environmental
impact.
Prebiotics
are
insoluble
fibers,
that
have
no
nutritive
value,
but
they
promote
of
positive
bacteria,
increase
nutrients
absorption
modulate
immune
response.
Instead,
biotics
carbohydrates
with
glycosidic
linkages,
which
interact
gut
bacteria
metabolism,
reducing
excretion
nitrogen
consequentially,
In
last
years,
different
were
published
in
this
field,
for
reason,
it
is
necessary
organize
results
found.
It
was
shown
mannan-oligosaccharides
β-glucans
ileal
nutrient
digestibility,
retention
antibodies
titers.
Inulin,
arabinoxylans-derived
oligosaccharides,
galacto-oligosaccharides
improved
morphology,
arranging
a
larger
surface
area.
reported
enhance
colonization
can
reduce
count
Campylobacter
colonies.
Furthermore,
xylo-oligosaccharides
often
used
feed,
due
their
ability
form
organic
acids,
decompose
noxious
substances,
improving
litter
quality,
Litter
quality
relevant
aspect
ammonia
emissions
welfare.
Whether
poor,
footpad
dermatitis
increase,
worsening
welfare
increasing
air.
Precision
select
metabolic
pathways
amino
acid
degradation,
reintegrating
discarded,
level
litter.
also
an
improvement
better
conclusion,
effects
on
welfare,
be
new
strategy
impact
chickens'
farms.
Frontiers in Microbiology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: April 12, 2024
The
rise
of
antibiotic
resistance
in
the
food
chain
is
influenced
by
use
antimicrobial
agents,
such
as
antibiotics,
metals,
and
biocides,
throughout
entire
farm-to-fork
continuum.
Besides,
non-clinical
reservoirs
potentially
contribute
to
transmission
critical
pathogens
multidrug-resistant
(MDR)
Klebsiella
pneumoniae
.
However,
limited
knowledge
exists
about
population
structure
genomic
diversity
K.
circulating
conventional
poultry
production.
We
conducted
a
comprehensive
characterization
across
whole
chicken
production
(7
farms;
14
flocks
+
environment
meat,
56
samples;
2019–2022),
exploring
factors
beyond
like
copper
quaternary
ammonium
compounds
(QACs).
Clonal
adaptive
features
were
characterized
through
cultural,
molecular
(FT-IR),
whole-genome-sequencing
(WGS)
approaches.
All
except
one
flock
positive
for
with
significant
increase
(
p
<
0.05)
from
early
n
=
1/14)
pre-slaughter
11/14)
stages,
most
6/7)
persisting
meat
batches.
Colistin-resistant
rates
low
(4%-
1/24
samples),
while
samples
carried
MDR
strains
(67%-
16/24)
copper-tolerant
isolates
(63%-
15/24,
sil
pco
gene
clusters;
MIC
CuSO4
≥
16
mM),
particularly
at
pre-slaughter.
Benzalkonium
chloride
consistently
exhibited
activity
against
(MIC/MBC
range
4–64
mg/L)
representative
independently
presence
or
absence
genes
linked
QACs
tolerance.
A
polyclonal
population,
discriminated
FT-IR
WGS,
included
various
lineages
dispersed
chicken’s
lifecycle
farm
(ST29-KL124,
ST11-KL106,
ST15-KL19,
ST1228-KL38),
until
(ST1-KL19,
ST11-KL111,
ST6405-KL109,
ST6406-CG147-KL111),
over
years
(ST631-49
KL109,
ST6651-KL107,
ST6406-CG147-KL111).
Notably,
some
identical
those
human
clinical
isolates.
WGS
also
revealed
F-type
multireplicon
plasmids
carrying
(copper)
co-located
qacE
Δ1
±
qacF
(QACs)
disseminated
humans.
In
conclusion,
farms
their
derived
are
diverse
clones
enriched
metal
tolerance
genes,
exhibiting
genetic
similarities
strains.
Further
research
imperative
unravel
influencing
persistence
dissemination
within
production,
contributing
improved
safety
risk
management.
This
study
underscores
significance
understanding
interplay
between
control
strategies
sources
effectively
address
spread
resistance.
Animals,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(4), P. 557 - 557
Published: Feb. 7, 2024
The
aims
of
this
study
were
to
find
suitable
environmental
enrichment
(EE)
and
evaluate
the
combined
effect
two
EEs,
variable
light
intensity
(VL)
lighting
program
EH,
on
mental
health
hepatic
metabolic
regulation
in
commercial
broilers.
To
advantageous
EEs
for
broilers,
three
different
(board,
hut,
ramp)
tested
trial
1.
placed
engagement
birds
dustbathing
behavior,
daily
physical
activity
observed.
Birds
treated
with
huts
showed
higher
than
board-
or
ramp-treated
(p
<
0.05).
results
behavior
indicated
that
hut
(EH)
is
most
favorable
In
second
trial,
test
EHs
conditions,
brain
liver
sampled
from
four
treatment
(20
lx_Con,
20
lx_Hut,
VL_Con
VL_Hut)
day
42.
lower
expression
TPH2
(tryptophan
hydroxylase
2)
VL_Hut
those
lx_Hut
suggests
combining
VL
central
serotonergic
homeostasis
Reduced
expressions
TH
(tyrosine
hydroxylase),
GR
(glucocorticoid
receptor),
BDNF
(brain-derived
neurotrophic
factor)
compared
suggest
stress,
stress
susceptibility,
chronic
social
birds.
CPT1A
(carnitine
palmitoyl
transferase
1)
increased
over
three-fold
lx_Con
(VL_Hut)
significantly
decreased
but
not
lx
lx_Hut).
ACCα
(acetyl-CoA
carboxylase
alpha)
was
There
no
significant
difference
FBPase
(fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase),
GR,
11β-HSD1
(11
β-hydroxysteroid
dehydrogenease-1)
between
birds,
stimulated
suggesting
reduced
fatty
acid
synthesis
β-oxidation
broilers’
improved
de
novo
glucose
production.
Taken
together,
voluntary
by
light-enriched
broiler
house
function
broilers
may
indicate
contributes
efficient
nutritional
support
