Unravelling the microplastic menace: Different polymers additively increase bee vulnerability

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 352, P. 124087 - 124087

Published: May 2, 2024

Microplastics (MPs) are growing and ubiquitous environmental pollutants represent one of the greatest contemporary challenges caused by human activities. Current research has predominantly examined singular toxicological effects individual polymers, neglecting prevailing reality organisms confronted with complex contaminant mixtures potential synergistic effects. To fill this gap, we investigated lethal sublethal two common MPs, polystyrene (PS - 4.8-5.8 μm) poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA 1-40 μm), their combination (MIX), on pollinating insect Apis mellifera. For each treatment, evaluated oral toxicity ecologically relevant higher concentration (0.5, 5 50 mg/L) analysed immune system worker survival. As activation can alter cuticular hydrocarbon profile honey bees, used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to investigate whether MPs lead changes in chemical foragers behavioural assay test such affect patterns social recognition, undermining overall colony integrity. The results indicate an additive negative effect PS PMMA bee survival response, even at concentrations. Furthermore, alterations cuticle profiles were observed both highest intermediate concentrations, being mainly responsible. Both exposure resulted a reduction abundance several compounds. Hive entry guards did not show increased inspection or aggressive behaviour towards exposed foragers, allowing them enter without treated differently from uncontaminated foragers. These findings raise concerns only for health but also entire colony, which could be risk if contaminated nestmates undetected, spread throughout hive.

Language: Английский

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Agricultural Pest Management: The Role of Microorganisms in Biopesticides and Soil Bioremediation

Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(19), P. 2762 - 2762

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Pesticide use in crops is a severe problem some countries. Each country has its legislation for use, but they differ the degree of tolerance these broadly toxic products. Several synthetic pesticides can cause air, soil, and water pollution, contaminating human food chain other living beings. In addition, them accumulate environment an indeterminate amount time. The agriculture sector must guarantee healthy with sustainable production using environmentally friendly methods. this context, biological biopesticides from microbes plants are growing green solution segment. pests attack worldwide, including weeds, insects, nematodes, microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, causing diseases economic losses. bioproducts microorganisms, microbial (MBPs) or alone, practice due to intense research world. Mainly, baculoviruses have been used sources biomolecules secondary metabolites biopesticide use. Different methods, direct soil application, spraying techniques endotherapy, seed treatment, used. Adjuvants like surfactants, protective agents, carriers improve system different formulations. tool bioremediation environment. This review summarizes topics, focusing on origin.

Language: Английский

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Challenges to Agriculture Production Under Climate Change

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Preparation and Application of Biocontrol Formulation of Housefly—Entomopathogenic Fungus—Metarhizium brunneum

Veterinary Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 308 - 308

Published: March 28, 2025

Utilizing entomopathogenic fungi as a biological control method for parasitic houseflies in livestock presents promising and innovative alternative. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of lyophilized Metarhizium brunneum preparation, both alone combination with insecticide low-dose deltamethrin, Hu sheep on farm based Gansu Province, northwestern China. The experimental design included four groups: M. wettable powder (WP) treatment group, + deltamethrin WP group. By observing mortality rate at 1, 3, 5, 7 days post-treatment, data were analyzed, was calculated effectiveness each group different time points. On day 7, resulted 79.2% housefly larvae pupae 85.42% adult houseflies, respectively, surpassing observed deltamethrin-only incorporation insecticides into fungal increased by 17.1% compared use alone, significantly reducing overall pesticide usage while enhancing control.

Language: Английский

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Unravelling the microplastic menace: different polymers work in synergy to increase bee vulnerability

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 8, 2024

Abstract Microplastics (MPs) are growing and ubiquitous environmental pollutants represent one of the greatest contemporary challenges caused by human activities. Current research has predominantly examined singular toxicological effects individual polymers, neglecting prevailing reality organisms confronted with complex contaminant mixtures potential synergistic effects. To fill this gap, we investigated lethal sublethal two common MPs, polystyrene (PS - 4.8-5.8 μm) poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA 1-40 μm), their combination (MIX), on pollinating insect Apis mellifera . For each treatment, evaluated oral toxicity ecologically relevant higher concentration (0.5, 5 50 mg/L) analysed immune system worker survival. As activation can alter cuticular hydrocarbon profile honey bees, used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to investigate whether MPs lead changes in chemical foragers behavioural assay test such affect patterns social recognition, undermining overall colony integrity. The results indicate a negative effect PS PMMA bee survival response, even at concentrations. Furthermore, alterations cuticle profiles were observed both highest intermediate concentrations, being mainly responsible. Both exposure resulted reduction abundance several compounds. Hive entry guards did not show increased inspection or aggressive behaviour towards exposed foragers, allowing them enter without treated differently from uncontaminated foragers. These findings raise concerns only for health but also entire colony, which could be risk if contaminated nestmates undetected, spread throughout hive.

Language: Английский

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Novel approaches to assess lethal and sublethal effects when evaluating risks of biopesticides toward beneficial arthropod

CABI Agriculture and Bioscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: June 14, 2024

Abstract Background Biopesticides are defined as substances derived from naturally occurring materials (i.e., plants, microorganisms and minerals) characterized by low environmental effects, rapid degradation, toxicity for humans beneficial insects. However, the assumption of safety beneficials is generally solely based on evaluation acute mortality upon exposure, overlooking possible underhanded sublethal effects. Methods We selected parasitoid Leptomastix dactylopii Howard (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) attacking mealybug pest Planococcus citri Risso (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) case study to investigate whether exposure four biopesticides authorized in organic citrus orchards EU, addition a Clitoria ternatea (Fabales: Fabaceae) extract, causes significant alterations physiology behavior. Classical ecotoxicological tests aimed at evaluating survival rate, parasitization emergence rate sex-ratio, have been combined with olfactometry assess deviation dynamics orientation toward host, novel optical oxygen respirometry technique observe consumption. Results All tested compounds except spinosad were found not harm L. , causing neither lethal nor effects exposed parasitoids compared control. Conclusions In conclusion, all showed compatibility within biological control strategies field scenario orange orchards). Moreover, screening protocols described present manuscript, integrating classical approaches targeting specific behavioral physiological toxicant-induced alterations, allowed shed light multifaceted impact natural enemies.

Language: Английский

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Transgenerational effect of a tea saponin–matrine mixture promotes fecundity and alters associated bacteria in the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda

Industrial Crops and Products, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 213, P. 118472 - 118472

Published: March 29, 2024

Language: Английский

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COESH Environmental Toxicology 2025: Non-target effects of Bio-insecticides and other molecules (Editors E. Agathokleous, R. N. Guedes, G. Benelli & N. Desneux) Ecotoxicity of bioinsecticides to social wasps

Current Opinion in Environmental Science & Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 41, P. 100575 - 100575

Published: Aug. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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