Mitochondrial DNA leakage: underlying mechanisms and therapeutic implications in neurological disorders

Journal of Neuroinflammation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a pivotal instigator of neuroinflammation, with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) leakage as critical intermediary. This review delineates the intricate pathways leading to mtDNA release, which include membrane permeabilization, vesicular trafficking, disruption homeostatic regulation, and abnormalities in dynamics. The escaped activates cytosolic sensors, especially cyclic gmp-amp synthase (cGAS) signalling inflammasome, initiating neuroinflammatory cascades via pathways, exacerbating spectrum neurological pathologies. therapeutic promise targeting discussed detail, underscoring necessity for multifaceted strategy that encompasses preservation homeostasis, prevention leakage, reestablishment dynamics, inhibition activation sensors. Advancing our understanding complex interplay between neuroinflammation imperative developing precision interventions disorders.

Language: Английский

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Kai-Xin-San ameliorates Alzheimer's disease-related neuropathology and cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 mice via the mitochondrial autophagy-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 329, P. 118145 - 118145

Published: April 4, 2024

Language: Английский

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MAPK/NF-κB signaling mediates atrazine-induced cardiorenal syndrome and antagonism of lycopene

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 922, P. 171015 - 171015

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

Language: Английский

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Silk Fibroin Microneedles Loaded with Epigallocatechin Gallate Mitigate Atrazine-Induced Testicular Toxicity

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 480, P. 136252 - 136252

Published: Oct. 22, 2024

Language: Английский

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Vitamin E Attenuating Effects Against the Impact of the Herbicide Atrazine on the Diaphragm Muscle of Male Wistar Rats

Journal of Toxicology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2025(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Atrazine is an herbicide associated with respiratory disorders and the presence of oxidative stress, which can be reversed by association antioxidant compounds, such as vitamin E. This study aimed to investigate impact atrazine (AZ) on male rat diaphragm muscle attenuating effects Fifty-two rats were received for 28 days gavage (n = 13/group): C (control), corn oil; AZ (100 mg/kg); AZE, mg/kg) E (200 E, mg/kg). Both stress analysis morphological muscle, neuromuscular junction (NMJ), phrenic nerve performed. Exposure caused in fibers, evidenced highest lipid hydroperoxide, hydrophilic capacity values group. However, AZE group, these like those The area diameter fiber only larger but attenuated alterations protected fibers from damage. Therefore, may serve a useful agent against AZ-induced skeletal muscle.

Language: Английский

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Melatonin alleviates ferroptosis triggered by cadmium via regulating ferritinophagy and iron metabolism in spermatogonia

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 14, 2025

Language: Английский

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Curcumin alleviates atrazine-induced nephrotoxicity by enhancing mitophagy through PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway in mice

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 295, P. 118118 - 118118

Published: April 1, 2025

Atrazine (ATR), a widely used herbicide, poses significant environmental and health risks due to its high solubility adsorption in soil. ATR exposure can lead nephrotoxicity humans animals. Curcumin (Cur), an active compound Curcuma species, is renowned for antioxidant anti-inflammatory properties, with potential mitigate chronic disease risks. We hypothesized that the addition of Cur could alleviate renal impairment associated carried out experiments using mice as subjects. This study investigates whether attenuate ATR-induced by modulating mitophagy apoptotic pathways. Our findings illustrate consumption attenuates induced ATR, evidenced lowered serum concentrations uric acid (UA), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CRE), established biomarkers injury. Moreover, enhances defense mechanisms ATR-exposed mice, indicated elevated levels total capacity (T-AOC), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), alongside reduced malondialdehyde (MDA). Histopathological electron microscopy analyses further corroborate these findings, showing organelle damage, particularly mitochondrial ridge breakage vacuolization, increased autophagic lysosomes. PINK1/Parkin-mediated autophagy, PINK1, Parkin, LC3BII, P62 compared ATR-treated mice. mitigates pathway, down-regulation apoptosis-related genes (Cytochrome C (Cyto-C), Caspase3, Caspase9) pro-apoptotic marker (Bax), along up-regulation anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) at both transcriptional translational In summary, demonstrates nephroprotective properties against injury through enhancement autophagy display actions, underscoring curative potency treatment caused ATR.

Language: Английский

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New Insights into Melatonin’s Function on Thiacloprid-Induced Pyroptosis and Inflammatory Response in Head Kidney Lymphocytes of Cyprinus carpio: Implicating Mitochondrial Metabolic Imbalance and mtROS/cGAS-STING/NF-κB Axis

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 16, 2025

Thiacloprid (THI) is a synthetic insecticide, the misuse targeted chiefly to control aphid pest species in orchards and vegetables. Melatonin (MET) hormone that plays crucial physiological roles anti-inflammatory capacities of fish. We explored function MET (100 μM) mitigate toxicity induced by THI (20 lymphocytes. Our results indicate led notable rise lymphocyte mortality. Lymphocytes exposed exhibited heightened incidence pyroptosis, accompanied upregulation expression associated with pyroptosis (NLRP3, GSDMEA, IL-18). Meanwhile, exposure decrease mitochondrial membrane potential, an increase mtROS levels, reduction intracellular ATP, DNA, NADPH/NADP+ indicating imbalance metabolism within Additionally, these effects were reversed treatment, where MitoQ treatment showed suppression reduced caused via mtROS/cGAS-STING/NF-κB axis. Importantly, provided defense against immunotoxic impacts ameliorating enhancing capability research potentiates safeguarding cultured fish from biological hazards highlights valuable application common carp.

Language: Английский

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Lycopene mitigates atrazine-induced hypothalamic neural stem cell senescence by modulating the integrated stress response pathway

Phytomedicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 135, P. 156114 - 156114

Published: Sept. 30, 2024

Language: Английский

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The Mitochondria Chronicles of Melatonin and ATP: Guardians of Phase Separation

Mitochondrial Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Phase separation is a thermodynamic process used by all living organisms since the origin of life to rapidly assemble and disassemble membraneless condensates in response changes exogenous endogenous stress conditions. For ∼4.5 billion years, three major domains depended upon high chemical potential adenosine triphosphate (ATP) harness nonequilibrium reactions that govern formation suppression organelles via phase separation. Melatonin enhances unique chemistry ATP water, promoting solubilization moiety effect, supporting survival early an anoxic environment. Eukaryotes, including dinoflagellates plants, can produce melatonin extreme levels under as compensation for inadequate optimal regulation responses dependent The production mitochondria enables fine-tuning dynamics modulate proteins associated with production, biogenesis degradation, membrane dynamics, gene transcription, mitophagy, unfolded protein response, apoptosis/survival mitochondria. Exogenous application mitochondrial synergy, attenuating aberrant dysfunction disease.

Language: Английский

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