Effective ventilation and air disinfection system for reducing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection risk in office buildings

Sustainable Cities and Society, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 75, P. 103408 - 103408

Published: Sept. 29, 2021

Language: Английский

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Ventilation strategies and design impacts on indoor airborne transmission: A review

Building and Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 218, P. 109158 - 109158

Published: May 6, 2022

Language: Английский

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Emerging evidence on Omicron (B.1.1.529) SARS‐CoV‐2 variant

Journal of Medical Virology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 94(5), P. 1876 - 1885

Published: Jan. 27, 2022

COVID's Omicron variant has sparked a slew of concerns across the globe. This review aims to provide brief overview what we know about right now. The new been discovered in 149 countries all six World Health Organization (WHO) regions since its discovery South Africa on November 24, 2021 and became dominant country less than 3 weeks. WHO warned that B.1.1.529 is spreading at an unprecedented rate, urged prepare for worst. Over course this time, researchers from around world have uncovered wealth information virus's epidemiology biological properties. Case numbers are increasing exponentially hard-hit areas such as Africa, United Kingdom, USA (overtaking delta variant), implying highly transmissible. Initial research provided some insights into efficacy vaccines against whether it produces major illness, however, much remains unknown, additional work needed investigate initial reports represent real-world situations.

Language: Английский

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The impact of mechanical and natural ventilation modes on the spread of indoor airborne contaminants: A review

Journal of Building Engineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 85, P. 108715 - 108715

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has underscored the critical importance of ventilation in mitigating indoor airborne pathogen transmission. Numerous studies have consistently observed aerosol transmission poorly ventilated environments. This article aims to comprehensively review distribution respiratory and non-respiratory contaminants across various mechanical natural systems, identify features different evaluate their performance diverse contexts, highlight primary limitations advantages. A total ten systems three were reviewed. Our analysis reveals that efficiency these varies significantly based on specific room contexts assessment criteria employed. However, as a general trend, mixing (MV) diffuse ceiling exhibit highest contaminant concentrations infection risk, while stratum yields lowest contamination levels. Notably, laminar airflow is predominantly employed cleanrooms, limited research been conducted intermittent (IV). For window-integrated fans cost-effective architectural modifications, such optimizing window placement dimensions, enhance effectiveness cross (CV) reducing contaminants. Single-sided (SSV) demonstrates poorer air quality compared MV CV, necessitating additional cleaning devices. Research efficacy windcatcher particle emissions limited. Consequently, recommendations are provided for each method minimize into occupants' breathing zones. Finally, this identifies trends underscores existing knowledge gaps within mode.

Language: Английский

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A review on indoor airborne transmission of COVID-19– modelling and mitigation approaches

Journal of Building Engineering, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 64, P. 105599 - 105599

Published: Nov. 26, 2022

In the past few years, significant efforts have been made to investigate transmission of COVID-19. This paper provides a review COVID-19 airborne modeling and mitigation strategies. The simulation models here are classified into infectious risk numerical approaches for spatiotemporal transmissions. Mathematical descriptions assumptions on which these based discussed. Input data used in previous studies assess dispersion extracted reported. Moreover, measurements performed study within indoor environments introduced support validations anticipated future studies. Transmission strategies recommended recent include modifying occupancy ventilation operations, using filters air purifiers, installing ultraviolet (UV) disinfection systems, personal protection compliance, such as wearing masks social distancing. application various building types, educational, office, public, residential, hospital, is reviewed. Recommendations works also discussed current apparent knowledge gaps covering both approaches. Our findings show that different measures were environments; however, there no conclusive work reporting their combined effects level may be achieved. further should conducted understand better balance between mitigating viral transmissions buildings energy consumption.

Language: Английский

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Passenger exposure to respiratory aerosols in a train cabin: Effects of window, injection source, output flow location

Sustainable Cities and Society, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 75, P. 103280 - 103280

Published: Aug. 19, 2021

Language: Английский

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Performance of upper-room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) system in learning environments: Effects of ventilation rate, UV fluence rate, and UV radiating volume

Sustainable Cities and Society, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 85, P. 104048 - 104048

Published: July 13, 2022

Language: Английский

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Approaches in CFD modeling of respiratory droplet dispersion – issues and challenges

Sustainable Cities and Society, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 97, P. 104696 - 104696

Published: June 7, 2023

Language: Английский

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Dispersion of expectorated cough droplets with seasonal influenza in an office

Physics of Fluids, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 35(8)

Published: Aug. 1, 2023

We do not fully grasp viral droplet transmission processes in ventilated interior environments. The core focus of our research is to investigate the effectiveness protected occupied zone ventilation (POV) through computational fluid dynamics models a simplified office setting. large-eddy simulation technique with Eulerian–Lagrangian model was implemented address complicated indoor such as turbulence, flow–aerosol interaction, and impact. computationally investigated effects desk partitions POV on cough droplets an office. approach tested using two distinct exhaust layouts four different rates (1.0, 1.2, 1.5, 1.8 m/s). A comparative analysis flow fields, topologies, particle directions has been studied. findings indicate that plane jet's influence performance. distributed virus around room, but compared up-exhaust cases, down-exhaust cases appeared have better shielded healthy person. This pattern could placement outlet systems significantly influences aerosol dispersion. results also show substantial streams may carry tiny particles (≤70 μm) throughout their path. Large (≥100 go far gas clouds. Most deposit solid surfaces various work sites per specific rates. Office workers need be very cautious these hazardous areas.

Language: Английский

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CFD modelling of infection control in indoor environments: A focus on room-level air recirculation systems

Energy and Buildings, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 288, P. 113033 - 113033

Published: March 31, 2023

Language: Английский

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