Determination of Antioxidants by DPPH Radical Scavenging Activity and Quantitative Phytochemical Analysis of Ficus religiosa

Molecules, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 27(4), P. 1326 - 1326

Published: Feb. 16, 2022

The use of F. religiosa might be beneficial in inflammatory illnesses and can used for a variety health conditions. In this article, we studied the identification antioxidants using (DPPH) 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazylradical scavenging activity Ficus religiosa, as is an important herbal plant, every part it has various medicinal properties such antibacterial that by researchers development design new drugs. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl popular, quick, easy, affordable approach measurement antioxidant includes free radicals assessing potential substances to serve hydrogen providers or free-radical scavengers (FRS). technique DPPH testing associated with elimination DPPH, which would stabilized radical. interacts odd electron yield strong absorbance at 517 nm, i.e., purple hue. An FRS antioxidant, example, reacts form DPPHH, lower than because amount hydrogen. It radical comparison DPPH-H form, causes decolorization, yellow hue, number electrons absorbed increases. Decolorization affects lowering capacity significantly. As soon solutions are combined atom source, state diphenylpicrylhydrazine formed, shedding its violet color. To explain processes behind tests, well their applicability (F. religiosa) manufacture metal oxide nanoparticles, particular MgO, influence on antioxidants, specimen from test was chosen further study. According our findings, qualities may useful treatment disorders caused radicals.

Language: Английский

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Mitochondrial dynamics in health and disease

FEBS Letters, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 595(8), P. 1184 - 1204

Published: March 20, 2021

In animals, mitochondria are mainly organised into an interconnected tubular network extending across the cell along a cytoskeletal scaffold. Mitochondrial fission and fusion, as well distribution tracks, counterbalancing mechanisms acting in concert to maintain mitochondrial tuned cellular function. Balanced dynamics permits quality control of including biogenesis turnover, DNA, is linked metabolic status. Cellular organismal health relies on delicate balance between large rearrangements can be seen response insults disease. Indeed, dysfunction major components fusion machineries dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1), mitofusins 2 (MFN1, MFN2) optic atrophy (OPA1) ensuing imbalance lead neurodegenerative Altered also more common diseases. this review, machinery involved their disease will discussed.

Language: Английский

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Role of Mitochondria in Radiation Responses: Epigenetic, Metabolic, and Signaling Impacts

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(20), P. 11047 - 11047

Published: Oct. 13, 2021

Until recently, radiation effects have been considered to be mainly due nuclear DNA damage and their management by repair mechanisms. However, molecular biology studies reveal that the outcomes of exposures ionizing (IR) highly depend on activation regulation through other components organelles determine cell survival proliferation capacities. As typical epigenetic-regulated central power stations cells, mitochondria play an important pivotal role in those responses. They direct cellular metabolism, energy supply homeostasis as well radiation-induced signaling, death, immunological This review is focused how energy, dose quality IR affect mitochondria-dependent epigenetic functional control at tissue level. Low-dose appear associated with non-targeted involved genomic instability adaptive responses, whereas high-dose (>1 Gy) concern therapeutic long-term involving mitochondria-mediated innate immune Both quality. For example, increased efficacy high linear transfer particle radiotherapy, e.g., C-ion relies reduction anastasis, enhanced apoptosis immunogenic (antitumor)

Language: Английский

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Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants—A Critical Review on In Vitro Antioxidant Assays

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(12), P. 2388 - 2388

Published: Dec. 1, 2022

Antioxidants have been widely studied in the fields of biology, medicine, food, and nutrition sciences. There has extensive work on developing assays for foods biological systems. The scientific communities well-accepted effectiveness endogenous antioxidants generated body. However, health efficacy possible action exogenous dietary are still questionable. This may be attributed to several factors, including a lack basic understanding interaction body, agreement different antioxidant assays, specificity which leads an inability relate specific outcomes. Hence, there is significant doubt regarding relationship between human health. In this review, we documented variations current methodologies, their mechanisms, highly varying values six common food substrates (fruits, vegetables, processed foods, grains, legumes, milk, dairy-related products). Finally, discuss strengths weaknesses examine challenges correlating activity

Language: Английский

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Mitochondrial DNA Methylation and Human Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(9), P. 4594 - 4594

Published: April 27, 2021

Epigenetic modifications of the nuclear genome, including DNA methylation, histone and non-coding RNA post-transcriptional regulation, are increasingly being involved in pathogenesis several human diseases. Recent evidence suggests that also epigenetic mitochondrial genome could contribute to etiology In particular, altered methylation hydroxymethylation levels (mtDNA) have been found animal models tissues from patients affected by cancer, obesity, diabetes cardiovascular neurodegenerative Moreover, environmental factors, as well genetic variants, impair mtDNA patterns. Some authors failed find marks suggesting it is unlikely this modification plays any role control function. On other hand, studies successfully identified presence particularly displacement loop (D-loop) region, relating changes both gene transcription replication. Overall, investigations performed until now suggest present albeit at lower compared those detectable DNA, potentially contributing mitochondria impairment underlying

Language: Английский

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Diabetes and Cancer: Risk, Challenges, Management and Outcomes

Cancers, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(22), P. 5735 - 5735

Published: Nov. 16, 2021

Diabetes mellitus and cancer are commonly coexisting illnesses, the global incidence prevalence of both rising. Cancer patients with diabetes face unique challenges. This review highlights relationship between various aspects management in patients.A literature search using keywords PubMed was performed. Studies that were published English prior to July 2021 assessed an overview epidemiology, risk, outcomes, treatment-related hyperglycemia is provided.Overall, 8-18% have as a comorbid medical condition. risk factor for certain solid malignancies, such pancreatic, liver, colon, breast, endometrial cancer. Several novel targeted compounds immunotherapies can cause hyperglycemia. Nevertheless, most undergoing therapy be managed appropriate glucose lowering agent without need discontinuation treatment. Evidence suggests higher cancer-related mortality; therefore, multidisciplinary approach important better outcome.Future studies required understand underlying mechanism diabetes. Furthermore, high-quality prospective evaluating innovative tools needed. A patient-centered avoid adverse outcomes.

Language: Английский

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An Epigenetic Role of Mitochondria in Cancer

Cells, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(16), P. 2518 - 2518

Published: Aug. 13, 2022

Mitochondria are not only the main energy supplier but also cell metabolic center regulating multiple key metaborates that play pivotal roles in epigenetics regulation. These metabolites include acetyl-CoA, α-ketoglutarate (α-KG), S-adenosyl methionine (SAM), NAD+, and O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc), which substrates for DNA methylation histone post-translation modifications, essential gene transcriptional regulation fate determination. Tumorigenesis is attributed to many factors, including mutations tumor microenvironment. initiation, evolution, metastasis, recurrence. Targeting mitochondrial metabolism promising therapeutic strategies treatment. In this review, we summarize of mitochondria required modification discuss current strategy cancer therapies via targeting epigenetic modifiers related enzymes This review an important contribution understanding metabolic-epigenetic-tumorigenesis concept.

Language: Английский

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Advances in the Prevention and Treatment of Obesity-Driven Effects in Breast Cancers

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: June 22, 2022

Obesity and associated chronic inflammation were shown to facilitate breast cancer (BC) growth metastasis. Leptin, adiponectin, estrogen, several pro-inflammatory cytokines are involved in the development of obesity-driven BC through activation multiple oncogenic pathways. The aim this study was assess reported mechanisms obesity-induced carcinogenesis effectiveness conventional complementary therapies. We screened published original articles, reviews, meta-analyses that addressed involvement obesity-related signaling development, treatment/prevention approaches, posttreatment complications. PubMed, Medline, eMedicine, National Library Medicine (NLM), ReleMed databases used retrieve relevant studies using a set keywords, including "obesity," "oncogenic pathways," "inflammation," "surgery," "radiotherapy," "conventional therapies," "diet." Multiple indicated effective treatment requires diet- exercise-based approaches obese postmenopausal women. Furthermore, active lifestyle diet-related interventions improved patients' overall quality life minimized adverse side effects after traditional treatment, postsurgical lymphedema, post-chemo nausea, vomiting, fatigue. Further investigation beneficial diet physical activity may help improve obesity-linked

Language: Английский

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Mitochondria and Brain Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Pathological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(9), P. 2488 - 2488

Published: Sept. 7, 2023

Mitochondria play a vital role in maintaining cellular energy homeostasis, regulating apoptosis, and controlling redox signaling. Dysfunction of mitochondria has been implicated the pathogenesis various brain diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, stroke, psychiatric illnesses. This review paper provides comprehensive overview intricate relationship between disease, focusing on underlying pathological mechanisms exploring potential therapeutic opportunities. The covers key topics such as mitochondrial DNA mutations, impaired oxidative phosphorylation, dynamics, calcium dysregulation, reactive oxygen species generation context disease. Additionally, it discusses emerging strategies targeting dysfunction, protective agents, metabolic modulators, gene therapy approaches. By critically analysing existing literature recent advancements, this aims to enhance our understanding multifaceted disease shed light novel interventions.

Language: Английский

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Mitochondrial Transfer as a Novel Therapeutic Approach in Disease Diagnosis and Treatment

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(10), P. 8848 - 8848

Published: May 16, 2023

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of numerous diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, metabolic and cancer. transfer, the transfer mitochondria from one cell to another, has recently emerged as potential therapeutic approach for restoring mitochondrial function in diseased cells. In this review, we summarize current understanding its mechanisms, applications, impact on death pathways. We also discuss future directions challenges field novel disease diagnosis treatment.

Language: Английский

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