Engineered Tumor–Immune Microenvironment On A Chip to Study T Cell–Macrophage Interaction in Breast Cancer Progression

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(14)

Published: Feb. 15, 2024

Evolving knowledge about the tumor-immune microenvironment (TIME) is driving innovation in designing novel therapies against hard-to-treat breast cancer. Targeting immune components of TIME has emerged as a promising approach for cancer therapy. While recent immunotherapies aim at restoring antitumor immunity, counteracting tumor escape remains challenging. Hence there pressing need to better understand complex crosstalk within TIME. Considering this imperative, study aims investigating between two abundant cell populations TIME-macrophages and T cells, progression using an organotypic 3D vitro tumor-on-a-chip (TOC) model. The TOC features distinct yet interconnected stromal entities. This triculture platform mimics TIME, embedding suitable matrix. Analysis invasion, morphometric measurements, flow cytometry results underscores substantial contribution macrophages progression, while presence cells associated with deceleration migratory behavior both macrophages. Furthermore, cytokine analyses reveal significant upregulation leptin RANTES (regulated on activation, normal Cell expressed secreted) triculture. Overall, highlights complexity critical role progression.

Language: Английский

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Nanodrug Delivery Systems in Antitumor Immunotherapy

Biomaterials Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 28

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Cancer has become one of the most important factors threatening human health, and global cancer burden been increasing rapidly. Immunotherapy another clinical research hotspot after surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy because its high efficiency tumor metastasis prevention. However, problems such as lower immune response rate immune-related adverse reaction in application immunotherapy need to be urgently solved. With development nanodrug delivery systems, various nanocarrier materials have used antitumor with encouraging therapeutic results. In this review, we mainly summarized combination systems from following 4 aspects: (a) combined cytokine therapy improve cytokines vivo; (b) provided a suitable platform for checkpoint blockade other treatments; (c) helped deliver antigens adjuvants vaccines enhance effects; (d) improved treatment reduced toxicity adoptive cell therapy. Nanomaterials chosen by researchers construct their function were also introduced detail. Finally, discussed current challenges future prospects combining immunotherapy.

Language: Английский

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Tryptophan: Its Metabolism along the Kynurenine, Serotonin, and Indole Pathway in Malignant Melanoma

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(16), P. 9160 - 9160

Published: Aug. 15, 2022

(1) Background: Tryptophan metabolism is known to be one of the important mechanisms used by cancer evade immune surveillance. Altered tryptophan was studied in patients with pigmented malignant melanoma confirmed histologically anatomic stage grouping for cutaneous using clinical staging on basis Breslow thickness melanoma, degree spread regional lymph nodes, and presence distant metastasis. (2) Methods: Urinary metabolites were detected RP-HPLC method. (3) Results: In present work, we provided evidence altered all pathways patients. (4) Conclusions: Knowledge shifted serotonin pathway toward DHICA formation kynurenine NAD+ production could serve early detection disease initiation treatment melanoma.

Language: Английский

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Theoretical Framework and Emerging Challenges of Lipid Metabolism in Cancer

Seminars in Cancer Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Elevated lipid metabolism is one of hallmarks malignant tumors. Lipids not only serve as essential structural components biological membranes but also provide energy and substrates for the proliferation cancer cells tumor growth. Cancer meet their needs by coordinating processes absorption, synthesis, transport, storage, catabolism. As research in this area continues to deepen, numerous new discoveries have emerged, making it crucial scientists stay informed about developments metabolism. In review, we first discuss relevant concepts theories or assumptions that help us understand -based therapies. We then systematically summarize latest advancements including mechanisms, novel targets, up-to-date pre-clinical clinical investigations anti-cancer treatment with targeted drugs. Finally, emphasize emerging directions therapeutic strategies, future prospective challenges. This review aims insights guidance field

Language: Английский

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Spatially Resolved Metabolomics Combined with the 3D Tumor-Immune Cell Coculture Spheroid Highlights Metabolic Alterations during Antitumor Immune Response

Analytical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 95(41), P. 15153 - 15161

Published: Oct. 6, 2023

The metabolic cross-talk between tumor and immune cells plays key roles in cell function checkpoint blockade therapy. However, the characterization of immunometabolism its spatiotemporal alterations during response a complex microenvironment is challenging. Here, 3D tumor-immune coculture spheroid model was developed to mimic interactions, combined with mass spectrometry imaging-based spatially resolved metabolomics visualize immunometabolic response. inhibition T simulated by coculturing breast spheroids Jurkat cells, reactivation can be monitored through diminishing cancer PD-L1 expressions berberine. This system enables simultaneously screening imaging discriminatory metabolites that are altered cell-mediated antitumor characterizing distributions berberine spheroids. We discovered transport catabolism glutamine were significantly reprogrammed at both metabolite enzyme levels, corresponding indispensable energy metabolism building new biomass. combination visually reveals interactions possibly helps decipher role immunotherapy.

Language: Английский

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