The steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone induces lipophagy via the brain-adipose tissue axis by promoting the adipokinetic hormone pathway

Journal of Biological Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 108179 - 108179

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Highlights:•The fat body undergoes lipophagy during insect metamorphosis.•The steroid hormone 20E upregulates Akh and Akhr expression.•The AKH pathway increases hemolymph glucose levels by promoting gluconeogenesis.•High promote FOXO acetylation nuclear localization to induce gene expression of lipophagy.AbstractLipophagy is a way degrade lipids; however, the molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Using holometabolous lepidopteran Helicoverpa armigera, cotton bollworm, as model, we revealed that larval metamorphosis, essential for metamorphosis. The 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) induced peptide adipokinetic (AKH, analog glucagon) receptor (AKHR). was highly expressed in brain various tissues. upregulated its EcR AKHR increased via gluconeogenesis promoted lipophagy. high level lipases autophagy genes. Thus, brain-adipose tissue axis pathway, which presented nutrients energy pupal adult development metamorphosis after feeding stops.

Language: Английский

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Baculoviruses manipulate host lipid metabolism via adipokinetic hormone signaling to induce climbing behavior

PLoS Pathogens, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 21(1), P. e1012932 - e1012932

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

Baculoviruses can induce climbing behavior in caterpillar hosts, which provides an excellent model for studying parasite manipulation of host behavior. Herein, we found that Helicoverpa armigera single nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) promoted lipid metabolism infected H. larvae, and changes affect Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms between is particularly important. In this study, adipokinetic hormone 1 (HaAKH1), 2 (HaAKH2) their receptor HaAKHR were essential promoting response to HearNPV infection. Both docking result Ca2+ imaging showed both HaAKH1 HaAKH2 could interact with HaAKHR. Knockdown HaAKH1, resulted not only accumulation triacylglycerol (TAG), but also reduction replication crawling ability resulting a decrease final death height larvae. We further validated conclusion by injecting active peptides addition, investigated downstream HaAKH signaling hormone-sensitive lipase (HaHSL) changed HaHSL played same role as signaling. These findings revealed mechanism parasites manipulated metabolism, more significantly, explored relationship behavioral hosts parasites, broadening our phenomenon manipulating changes.

Language: Английский

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The Drosophila Estrogen-Related Receptor promotes triglyceride storage within the larval fat body

Journal of Lipid Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100815 - 100815

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Lipid Metabolism in Relation to Carbohydrate Metabolism

Advances in experimental medicine and biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Octopamine integrates the status of internal energy supply into the formation of food-related memories

eLife, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: April 24, 2024

The brain regulates food intake in response to internal energy demands and availability. However, can storage influence the type of memory that is formed? We show duration starvation determines whether Drosophila melanogaster forms appetitive short-term or longer-lasting intermediate memories. glycogen muscles adipose tissue influences how intensely sucrose-associated information stored. Insulin-like signaling octopaminergic reward neurons integrates into formation. Octopamine, turn, suppresses formation long-term memory. Octopamine not required for because octopamine-deficient mutants form sucrose other nutrients depending on status. reduced positive reinforcing effect at high levels, combined with increased stability food-related memories due prolonged periods starvation, could lead intake.

Language: Английский

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Lipid Metabolism in Relation to Carbohydrate Metabolism

Published: June 26, 2024

Carbohydrates and lipids integrate into a complex metabolic network that is essential to maintain homeostasis. In insects, as in most metazoans, dietary carbohydrates are taken up monosaccharides whose excess toxic, even at relatively low concentrations. To cope with this toxicity, stored either glycogen or neutral lipids, the latter constituting quasi-unlimited energy store. Breakdown of these stores response demand depends on insect species several physiological parameters. chapter, we review multiple pathways strategies linking insects utilize respond nutrient availability, food scarcity activities.

Language: Английский

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Expression and functional analysis of adipokinetic hormone reveal its different roles in larval development and female fecundity in Panonychus citri (McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Insect Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 6, 2024

Abstract Adipokinetic hormone (AKH), a crucial neuropeptide, participates in the important physiological processes by specially binding to its receptor activate AKH signalling pathway. regulates energy metabolism. However, it remains unknown whether affects larval development and adult reproduction influencing In present study, was identified from Panonychus citri contained conserved functional domain ‘Q‐[LIV]‐[NT]‐F‐[ST]‐X (2)‐W’ that characterises family. The relative expression levels of PcAKH revealed different patterns at developmental stages P. . Feeding double‐standard RNA against induced decreased fecundity reduced survival, which accompanied down‐regulation vitellogenin gene expression. addition, after silencing , lipid metabolism carbohydrate homeostasis were disrupted, manifested increased body width weight, fasting phenomenon. Further investigation found compared with control, changes trehalose triglyceride contents variations mRNA genes related disorder may affect female reproduction, lead insufficient deposition. Moreover, seriously affected growth larvae, as delayed period difficulty moulting. Conclusively, all these results current study demonstrated double‐stranded system targeting effectively inhibited disturbing metabolism, is specific RNAi target for control design biopesticide sustainable agriculture.

Language: Английский

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Divergence in the Morphology and Energy Metabolism of Adult Polyphenism in the Cowpea Beetle Callosobruchus maculatus

Insects, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 29 - 29

Published: Dec. 30, 2024

Adult polyphenism is a prevalent form of adaptive evolution that enables insects to generate discrete phenotypes based on environmental factors. However, the morphology and molecular mechanisms underlying adult dimorphism in Callosobruchus maculatus (a global storage pest) remain elusive. Understanding these crucial for predicting dispersal population dynamics C. maculatus. This knowledge can also provide theoretical basis biological control strategies. In this study, we compared hind wing chest muscles, transcriptional profiles, energy metabolism substances, fecundity between flight normal form. The displays lighter overall appearance with small black spots, while lacks most muscles. Moreover, there are differences pathways two forms, including carbohydrate oxidative phosphorylation. exhibits higher contents carbohydrates, lipids, mitochondrial energetic storage. better fertility but has lost its ability fly. first study analyze characteristics using morphological, physiological, behavioral approaches, providing foundational understanding aspects. Our provides supporting evidence trade-off dispersion reproduction, where capable flying more reproductive benefits.

Language: Английский

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Octopamine integrates the status of internal energy supply into the formation of food-related memories

Published: March 28, 2024

The brain regulates food intake in response to internal energy demands and availability. However, can storage influence the type of memory that is formed? We show duration starvation determines whether Drosophila melanogaster forms appetitive short-term or longer-lasting intermediate memories. glycogen muscles adipose tissue influences how intensely sucrose associated information stored. Insulin-like signaling octopaminergic reward neurons integrates into formation. Octopamine, turn, suppresses formation long-term memory. Octopamine not required for memory, because octopamine-deficient mutants form other nutrients depending on status. reduced positive reinforcing effect at high levels combined with increased stability food-related memories due prolonged periods could lead intake.

Language: Английский

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Metabolic rewiring in fat-depleted Drosophila reveals triglyceride:glycogen crosstalk and identifies cDIP as a new regulator of energy metabolism

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 14, 2024

Abstract Tissues store excess nutrients as triglyceride (TG) or glycogen, but how these reserves are sensed and communicate remains poorly understood. Here we identify molecular players orchestrating this metabolic balance, uncover a signaling molecule that mediates energy homeostasis during fat depletion. We show tissue-specific depletion of fatty acyl-CoA synthase FASN1 in the Drosophila body (FB) causes near complete loss remodeling dramatically elevates carbohydrate metabolism, leading to striking ∼20-fold increase glycogen storage. Proteomics metabolomics key factors necessary for rewiring including glycolysis enzymes target-of-brain-insulin (tobi). FASN1-deficient flies viable starvation sensitive, oxidatively stressed, infertile. also CG10824/cDIP upregulated FASN1-depleted . cDIP is leucine-rich-repeat protein with homology secreted adipokines fine-tune signaling. find FB-specific promotes adult obesity, required development absence FASN1-dependent lipid Collectively, fat-depleted rewire their metabolism development, putative new cytokine signals insufficiency may regulate homeostasis.

Language: Английский

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