Research Square (Research Square),
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 28, 2025
Abstract
This
study
explored
a
potential
route
for
valorizing
the
entire
biomass
from
water
hyacinth.
Initially,
underwent
complete
characterization,
revealing
high
contents
of
ash
(35%),
extractives
(25%),
and
monosaccharides
(41%),
with
glucose
being
predominant
(21%).
Lignin
content
was
low
(19%),
monomeric
composition
rich
in
G-
H-units
(3.6%
3.4%,
respectively).
The
exhibited
calorific
value
(11
MJ/kg)
oxygen
(62%),
contrasted
carbon
values
(31%)
H/C
(14.9)
O/C
(1.9)
ratios.
Subsequently,
biochar
production
conducted
at
two
temperatures
(500
800°C),
where
yield
obtained
500°C
(44%).
Three
types
activated
were
produced
using
different
activation
processes:
physical
CO2
chemical
K2CO3
H3PO4.
yielded
34%
but
made
almost
no
or
porosity
(ABET
=
9.4
m²/g).
carbons
(21%)
very
surface
area
(862
m²/g),
featuring
micropores
mesopores.
In
contrast,
H3PO4
74%,
resulting
primarily
mesoporous
material
minimal
microporosity.
demonstrated
removal
efficiency
all
tested
pharmaceutical
compounds.
MnO
x
/g-C
3
N
4
@ZIF-8
catalyst
was
prepared
by
a
co-precipitation
reaction.
The
doping
of
Mn
and
large
specific
surface
area
resulted
in
high
catalytic
activity
target
product
selectivity
the
liquid-phase
oxidation
toluene.
