Contour prairie strips alter microbial communities and functioning both below and in adjacent cropland soils

Applied Soil Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 199, P. 105424 - 105424

Published: May 2, 2024

Prairie strips are narrow of native, perennial vegetation (10–40 m width) integrated within cropped fields to provide benefits for water quality and biodiversity. However, the impact prairie on soil microbial communities function, both underneath in adjacent cropland, is not known. We assessed effect restoring native C N, potential enzyme activities (PEA), community composition directly cropland (0.1 9 m) 12-year-old row crop fields. found that consistently increased biomass carbon (>56 %) altered PEA complex ways. Generally, hydrolase decreased oxidoreductase PEA. also changed under vegetation, and, contrary expectation greater plant diversity leads diversity, reduced bacterial fungal diversity. The strip's soils depended year, but it was strong when occurred typically independent distance from strip. (<9 by as much 38 % shifted beta neither showed patterns with strip, indicating cause field-scale shifts biota functioning, these effects mediated proximity Understanding mechanisms underlying strips' biota, prairie, key optimize their agroecosystem benefits.

Language: Английский

---

Maize-peanut rotational strip intercropping improves peanut growth and soil properties by optimizing microbial community diversity

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10, P. e13777 - e13777

Published: July 28, 2022

Rotational strip intercropping (RSI) of cereals and legumes has been developed widely carried out to alleviate continuous cropping obstacles, control erosion improve field use efficiency. In this study, a four-year fixed-field experiment was in northeast China with three treatments: maize, peanuts rotational maize peanut. The results show that crop rotation improved the main-stem height, branch number, lateral length, yield quality peanuts; highest 2018, when it increased by 39.5%. RSI contents total N, available P, K K; content N an increase 70%. Rhizosphere soil urease catalase activities were significantly 2017, reaching 183.13% 91.21%, respectively. According high-throughput sequencing analysis, rhizosphere bacterial richness specific OTUs decreased peanut soil, while fungal increased. There differences community structures; specifically, abundance Acidobacteria Planctomycetes among bacteria beneficial microorganisms such as Ascomycota fungi. conclusion, conducive alleviating obstacles facing peanuts. Among then, physicochemical properties, enzyme activity microbial diversity affected

Language: Английский

---

Resilient agriculture: water management for climate change adaptation in Lower Saxony

Journal of Water and Climate Change, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 1034 - 1053

Published: Feb. 22, 2024

Abstract Climate change has increased the intensity, frequency and duration of heatwaves droughts in Europe turning water management into an even more complicated issue. Because is a fundamental resource for agriculture, to be addressed with climate adaptation. While stakeholders Lower Saxony are aware adaptation measures they could implement dampen effects change, evidence effectiveness at local scale still missing. An analysis using new hydrological model was performed test four suggested by stakeholders. Changing crops strongest effect followed improving irrigation efficiency, humification and, finally, artificial aquifer recharge. If changed, demand energy consumption reduced up 20.7%, costs 19.1%, level rise 284.85 mm emissions 26.6% end century. Artificial recharge proved inadequate method region as it does not impact demand, insufficient amount available have substantial on aquifer.

Language: Английский

---

Quantifying the contribution of above- and below-ground residues of chickpea, faba bean, lentil, field pea and wheat to the nitrogen nutrition of a subsequent wheat crop

Field Crops Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 313, P. 109412 - 109412

Published: May 17, 2024

The individual nitrogen (N) contribution from above-ground plant residue (AGRP) and total below-ground residuals (BGRT) to a subsequent wheat crop remains poorly explored. need understand this dynamic is crucial for optimizing yield soil nutrient management. This study aimed discern the N contributions AGRP BGRT succeeding implications of various grain legume residues on these contributions. A four-year field consisting two 2-year legume–cereal cropping sequences was conducted in Saskatoon, SK, Canada. legumes were chickpea, faba bean, lentil, pea, with spring grown as reference 2014 2016. Each plot split into quadrants one quadrant receiving 15N-urea other three non-labeled (natural abundance, NA) urea pulse phase. After harvest, 15N-AGRP swapped NA-AGRP when returned field, resulting sub-plots 15N-AGRP/NA-BGRT NA-AGRP/15N-BGRT combinations. In 2015 2017 all plots planted fertilized based mineral measurements target yields. One NA received during cereal phase track fate fertilizer versus N. Grain species did not affect seed crop. However, lentil pea required less than residues. Over five tested residues, (roots, rhizodeposits, residual fertilizer, soil) largest source, accounting 70–91% uptake, which surpassed combination (1–11% uptake) (5–21% uptake). Among BGR components, main contributor wheat. recovery rates below 9% AGRP, 18% BGRT, 26% Below-ground residue, particularly soil, plays pivotal role regulating supply crop, overshadowing AGR fertilizer. research underscores significance BGR, especially management crops. Recognizing dynamics can help tailor strategies optimize

Language: Английский

---

Crop Water Requirement and Utilization Efficiency-Based Planting Structure Optimization in the Southern Huang-Huai-Hai Plain

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(9), P. 2219 - 2219

Published: Sept. 18, 2022

Optimizing planting structure that balances both high yield and water resources shortage is essential for developing efficient water-saving agriculture. To provide insights about the relationship between optimization resource constraint, crop requirement, precipitation coupling degree, gross total requirement irrigation project metrics were calculated analyzed with dataset collected from 16 locations in Xuchang City, China. The strategy of reducing proportion water-consumption crops increasing low consumption degree was adopted to determine a suitable scheme based on IQR (interquartile range) method. Evapotranspiration had decreasing trend northwest southeast areas. There positive correlations (GTWR) annual yields (r = 0.825, p 0.002), GTWR vegetable areas (PVPA) 0.734, 0.0101). negatively correlated ratio irrigated effective (RSEA), wheat (PWPA) bean (PBPA), coefficients −0.787, −0.936 −0.828, respectively. winter wheat, summer maize, vegetables flowers decreased by 8.8%, 25.8%, 16.2%, 28.7%, respectively, while oil-beans tubers increased 62.4% 95.6%, reduced 5.2%, saving 3.25 × 107 m3 without sacrificing economic benefits after adjusting whole region. Consequently, technology historical habits should be considered when optimizing cropping distributions. This research provided new theoretical basis comprehensive approach agriculture management regional realistic perspective.

Language: Английский

---